动词ing的变化规则.doc

完整版)动词ing的变化规则
动词的第三人称单数的变化规则
1、 一般情况下，动词后面直接加 —s.
work — works get - gets say — says read - reads
2、 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把 y变为 i 再加 -es。 例如：
study — studies try - tries carry - carries fly - flies cry - cries
3、 以ch, sh， s, x, o结尾的动词，在后面加 -es。
go — goes teach — teaches wash — washes
brush — brushes catch — catches do — does fix — fixes
动词ing的变化规则
1.一般动词直接加–ing
go—-—go ing work—--work ing look———look ing
2.以—y 结尾的动词，直接加—ing
say--—say ing enjoy-—-enjoy ing cry —-— cry ing
carry——-carry ing study———study ing
3。以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加–ing
die -—— dying, lie ——— lying, tie -—— tying
4.以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去e 加 –ing
make — making write - writing love -writing
hate — hating hope — hoping take — taking
save- saving breathe — breathing produce - producing
注意:be - being see - seeing agree — agreeing
5. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这一辅音字母，再加-ing.
begin - beginning admit — admitting
sit - sitting fit — fitting
hit - hitting prefer — preferring
swim - swimming shop — shopping
cut — cutting get - getting
forget — forgetting spit — spitting
shut —shutting stop -stopping
plan - planning dig — digging
drop - dropping step — stepping
注意：blow — blowing grow — growing draw — drawing
bow — bowing show - showing know - knowing

动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
规则变化：
1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：
pick ——— picked -—- picked wish ——— wished -—- wished
2。以不发音的e 结尾的动词后加d。
make – maked – maked like – liked – liked
hope – hoped – hoped phone – phoned – phoned
3。以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，变y 为 i ， 再加- ed。
study – studied – studied hurry – hurried – hurried
reply – replied – replied
4.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写该辅音字母，再加 – ed。
stop – stopped – stopped shop – shopped - shopped
plan – planned – planned drop – dropped – dropped
不规则变化：(常见如下，需同学们识记）
1。AAA
cost– cost– cost 花费 cut– cut– cut 割,切 hit– hit– hit 打
let– let– let 让 put– put– put 放下 read– read –read 读
hurt– hurt– hurt 伤
2。ABB
burn– burnt– burnt 燃烧 learn– learned/learnt– learned/learnt 学习
mean– meant– meant 意思 hear– heard– heard 听见 build– built– built 建筑
lend– lent– lent 借给 lose– lost– lost 失去 send –sent –sent 送
spend –spent –spent 花费 pay– paid–paid 付 lay –laid –laid 下蛋
say– said– said 说 bring– brought– brought 带来
buy– bought– bought 买 think– though–t thought 想
sleep– slept– slept 睡 keep– kept– kept 保持 sweep– swept– swept 扫
stand– stood– stood 站 understand– understood– understood 明白
win– wo–n won 得胜 shine– shone/shined– shone/shined 发光
catch– caught– caught 抓住 teach– taught– taught 教 feel– felt– felt 觉得
fight –fought –fought 战斗 find– found– found 发现 get –got– got 得到
hang– hanged/ hung –hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have– had– had 有
hold– held –held 盛，握 leave– left– left 离开 make– made– made 制造
meet– met– met 遇见 sell– sold –sold 卖 shoot –shot– shot 射击
tell –told– told 告诉 smell– smelt/smelled– smelt/smelled 嗅，闻
sit –sat– sat 坐 dig– dug– dug 挖
3.ABC
eat– ate– eaten 吃 fall– fell– fallen 落下 steal– stole –stolen 偷
give– gave– given 给 freeze– froze– frozen 冻结 take– took– taken 拿
see– saw –seen 看见 write– wrote– written 写 ride– rode– ridden 骑
drive– drove –driven 驾驶 throw– threw –thrown 抛，扔 blow– blew– blown 吹
grow –grew –grown 生长 know– knew –known 知道 fly– flew– flown 飞
draw– drew –drawn 绘画 show– showed– shown 展示 speak– spoke– spoke说话
break –broke– broken 破碎，折断 wake– waked/ woke– waked/ waken 醒
choose– chose –chosen 选择 forget– forgot– forgotten 忘记 begin– began –begun 开始
ring– rang– rung 按铃 sing –sang– sung 唱 sink –sank –sunk 沉
swim– swam– swum 游泳 drink– drank– drunk 饮 be(are) –were– been 是 do– did– done 做 go– went– gone 去 wear –worn –worn 穿
lie– lay –lain 躺 be（am, is) –was/ were– been
4.ABA
come –came– come 来 become –became– become 变 run –ran– run 跑
5。AAB
beat– beat– beaten 打

可数名词复数的变化规则
1、一般加—s，如：
map — maps car — cars 
2、以辅音字母加y结尾的 ， 变y为i  ，加-es ;
baby—babies ，family—families
3、以f， fe结尾的名词，通常变f 或fe为v,再加-es； 如： leaf—leaves,
wife — wives,life - lives，thief — thieves;
注： belief - beliefs（信心），roof — roofs（屋顶）
safe - safes（保险箱）, gulf - gulfs（海湾)
4、 以sh， ch, s, x结尾的名词，结尾的加-es; 
dish—dishes watch - watches
5、 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： 
a. 加s,（无生命的） photo — photos， piano — pianos ， kilo—kilos,
radio — radios， zoo - zoos；
b。 加es,（有生命的) potato — potatoes, tomato—tomatoes, hero — heroes

形容词变副词的变化规则
1、 一般情况下直接加“ly”
quick — quickly   recent — recently
2、 以“y"结尾的, 如发音为/ i / ， 先将 y 改成i , 再加“ly”，如happy — happily
如发音为/ ai /， 直接加 -ly, 如 dry - dryly shy — shyly
3、 以“辅音字母 + le”结尾的，去e 加y
possible - possibly terrible — terribly
simple - simply considerable — considerably gentle — gently。。
4、 以“元音字母+不发音的e"结尾的，去e 加ly
true - truly
注意:polite — politely fortunate - fortunately immediate — immediately
wise - wisely nice — nicely wide — widely
形容词副词的比较级和最高级变化规则
规则变化： 
1、一般单音节词末尾加-er 和 —est，（以不发音的e结尾的只加-r; —st）
大多数双音节和多音节词都在单词前面加more和most

strong — stronger - strongest
nice - nicer — nicest strange - stranger — strangest
beautiful - more beautiful — most beautiful
2、 闭音节单音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的,须先双写这个辅音字母，再
加-er和-est
hot - hotter — hottest thin - thinner — thinnest
big - bigger - biggest fat — fatter - fattest
3、 少数以-ow； —er结尾的双音节词，加—er， —est
narrow - narrower — narrowest clever — cleverer - cleverest
4、 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，先y变成i,再加-er；—est
happy- happier - happiest angry - angrier - angriest early — earlier - earliest
5、 由“形容词+ ly”构成的副词,在词前加more- ； most—
slowly — more slowly - most slowly
不规则变化:
well / good - better - best
ill / bad - worse - worst
much / many - more - most
little — less - least
old - older/elder - oldest/eldest
far - farther/further - farthest/furthest
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