深圳牛津八年级下Unit4知识点归纳和练习.doc

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Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips
一、 单词
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
cartoon
n. 动画片；卡通片
cartoonist n. 漫画家
warning
n．警告；警示
warn v. 警告
role-play
v．角色扮演
play v. 扮演；播放；玩
symbol
n．符号
近义词：sign
bubble
n. 气泡
bubble bath 泡泡浴
thought
n. 心思，思想
近义词：idea n. 想法
rough
adj. 粗略的
roughness n. 粗略
sketch
n. 速写；概述
sketch map 草图；示意图
program
n. 程序
programmable
adj. 可编辑的，可设计的
record
v. 录制；录音
recordable adj. 可记录的
effect
n. 效果
近义词：influence
basic
adj. 基本的；基础的
近义词：simple and important
stage
n. 段；步；步骤
近义词：step
pleasant
adj. 和善的；文雅的
近义词：friendly
detailed
adj. 详细的；细致的
detail n. 细节
appear
v. 显得；看来；似乎
近义词：seem
actor
n. 演员
act v. 表演
match
v. 与...相配
match with 使和…相配
separately
adv. 单独地；分别地
近义词：alone
play
v. 播放
player n. 运动员；比赛者
score
v. 得分
scorer n. 记分员
team
n. 队
teamwork n. 团队合作
star
n. 明星；体坛高手
superstar n. 超级明星
mystery
n. 神秘
mysterious adj. 神秘的
island
n. 岛
islands n. 群岛
storm
n. 暴风雨
stormy adj. 暴风雨的
wave
n. 海浪；波浪；波涛
waved adj. 波浪形的；起伏的

二、 短语
1. in trouble

在困境中
近义词：in difficulty
2. look out
当心
近义词：take care/be careful
3. look like
看上去像
近义词：be like
4. be used to do
被用来做

5. laugh at sb.　
嘲笑某人
近义词：make fun of
6. succeed in doing
做成某事
近义词：manage to do sth.
7. the same as
和……一样
反义词：be different from 和…不同
8. decide on
决定
近义词：make a decision

三、 句型
1. To make the character and things appear to move, each picture should be made a little different from the one before it.
appear to do sth 似乎做某事
They appear to be able to handle the problem. 他们似乎可以处理这个问题。
These stars appear to move around the North Star. 这些星星似乎环绕着北极星转。

2. After everything has been checked, the cartoon is ready to be played for everyone to enjoy.
be ready to do sth. 准备做某事
be ready for sth. 为……做准备
We are ready to face the challenge. 我们已准备好面对挑战。
We are ready for the final examination. 我们在为期末考试做准备。

3. First, you need to decide on some basic ideas for a story.
need sth. 需要……
She needs enough time to study. 她需要足够的时间学习。
need to do sth. 需要做某事
Do we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？

4. After everything has been checked, the cartoon is ready to be played for everyone to enjoy.
sth. has been done 某事已经完成
Homework has been finished. 作业已经完成了。

四、 语法：被动语态
【知识清单一】
一、 被动语态的构成及其用法
1. 被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词
2. 各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）
时态
主动语态
被动语态
例句
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do/does
am/is/are+ done
We clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned by us.
一般过去时
did
was/were+ done
He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.
现在进行时
am/is/are+ doing
am/is/are+ being done
She is watering flowers.
Flowers are being watered by her.
现在完成时
have/has+ done
have/has+ been done
Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.
一般将来时
will/shall/be going to+ do
will/shall/be going to+ be done
They will plant trees tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
过去进行时
was/were+ doing
was/were+ being done
She was writing a letter this time yesterday.
A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.
过去完成时
had+ done
had+ been done
Jim had finished the work.
The work had been finished by Jim.
过去将来时
would/
should/be
going to+ do
would/should/be going to+ be done
He said he would make a kite.
He said a kite would be made by him.
含有情态动词
can/may/must+ do
can/may/must+ be done
I can find him
He can be found by me.

【知识清单二】
主动词态和被动语态的转换
一、主动语态变被动语态
主动语态：动作执行者＋谓语动词主动形式＋动作承受者

被动语态：动作承受者＋谓语动词被动形式＋动作执行者
We asked him to sing an English song.
He was asked to sing an English song by us.
二、带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
She gave me a book.（变为被动语态）→I was given a book.（间接宾语me改为主语）
三、短语动词变为被动语态
注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
We should speak to old men politely.（变为被动语态）→
Old men should be spoken to politely.（to不可省略）
四、被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等及使役动词let, make, here等动词后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to
He makes the girl stay at home.（改为被动结构）→The girl is made to stay at home.
Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.（改为同义句）→
They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.
【知识清单三】
被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式
一、主动结构表被动意义
1. open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。
This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of shirt sells well here. 这种样式的衬衫在这很好卖。
2. look, sound, taste, smell等系动词主动结构表被动意义。
Uniforms look ugly on us. 我们穿着制服很难看。
The Mooncake tastes delicious. 月饼吃起来很好。
3. be worth doing中，doing表被动意义。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4. want/ need / require+ doing相当于want/need/require+ to be done. to be done 表不定式的被动结构。
My bike needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。
二、不用被动语态的情况
1.主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时，不能用于被动语态。
The man introduces himself as Mr. White.（主动语态）
那个人自我介绍说他是怀特先生。
Himself was introduced as Mr. White.（误）
They help each other study English.（主动词态） 他们互相帮助学习英语。
Each other is helped study English.（误）
2.当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词时，不能用于被动语态。
We will have a meeting.（主动语态）
我们打算开一个会。A meeting will be had by us.（误）
3.主动句的宾语是不定式或doing时，不能用作被动语态中的主语。
My brother enjoys watching TV.（主动语态）
我弟弟看电视。 Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.(误)
He asked to have a try.（主动语态）
他请求试一次。 To have a try was asked.（误）

Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips单元测试

姓名 分数

I. 词汇运用 (每小题1分，共15分)
i. 根据句意，选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。(每小题1分，共8分)
( ) 1. After a long journey, everyone appears very tired.
A. looks
B. becomes
C. gets
( ) 2. I hope everyone here will make it one day.　　
A. fail
B. get healthy
C. succeed
( ) 3. The first stage of learning a foreign language seems more important.
A. part
B. hobby
C. subject
( ) 4. Lam is a pleasant young man and everybody likes him.
A. polite and friendly
B. friendly but short
C. short and fat
( ) 5. Everybody, be quiet. Let’s play the music.
A. make.....produce heat
B. make.....produce sound
C. make.....produce water
( ) 6. Ericson scored in the football match.
A. won a goal
B. lost a goal
C. got a prize
( ) 7. Among so many pictures, it’s difficult for me to decide on the best one.
A. need
B. choose
C. make
( ) 8. I have just had a thought.
A. an idea
B. a meaning
C. a score
ii. 选择恰当的词汇或短语完成句子。(每小题1分，共7分)
( ) 9. A____ is a famous and excellent singer, actor or sports player.
A. worker
B. star
C. scientist
( ) 10. A_____ is an idea that you have in your mind.
A. word
B. thought
C. project
( ) 11. Liu Xiang broke the _____ of 110-meter hurdles in 2004.
A. heart
B. shoes
C. record
( ) 12. The airport____ people not to carry knives on the plane.
A. warns
B. laughs
C. record

( ) 13. It is already 1:00 in the morning. They are still discussing the plans ____.
A. rough
B. in detail
C. sadly
( ) 14. –Why don’t you choose the pair of shoes?
–For me, it doesn’t_____ my dress very well.
A. accept
B. compare
C. match
( ) 15. If you take a____, you lift your foot and put it down in a different place, for example when you are walking.
A. step
B. running
C. while

II. 单项选择 (每小题1分，共15分)
( ) 16. – What do you your hometown?
– It’s very beautiful. I love it very much.
A. look at
B. talk about 
C. think of 
( ) 17. When I was in the supermarket, I forgot _____ money with me.
A. to take
B. to taking
C. taking
( ) 18. –Could you give me some advice?
– I don’t know ______. Why don’t you wear this red shirt?
A. when to wear
B. what to wear 
C. how to wear
( ) 19. Most of my classmates don’t like to talk to their parents, but I am ____ them.
A. different from
B. surprised at
C. the same as
( ) 20. Where’s your ticket? Show _______ , please.
A. me it 
B. it me 
C. me to it 
( ) 21. –Tom, ______ read books while you are walking in the street. It’s very dangerous.
–OK, thank you.
A. don’t  
B. doesn’t  
C. won’t
( ) 22. He _____ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag. 
A. picked up
B. threw away
C. looked for
( ) 23.  I’m sure our football team will ______ this match.We’re the best.  
A. win 
B. fail
C. lose
( ) 24. Our teacher often tells us ______ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A. don’t swim
B. not swim
C. not to swim

( ) 25. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ______ in a short time.
A. can be learned
B. has been learned 
C. can learn
( ) 26. –What languages ______ in that country?
–German and English.
A. are speaking
B. are spoken
C. speak
( ) 27. A year has four seasons and it ________ twelve different star signs.
A. divided into
B. is divided into
C. is dividing into
( ) 28. The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken
B. are taken
C. take
( ) 29. –Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs ________
–Sorry, mum. I'll do it at once.
A. clean
B. to be cleaned
C. to clean
( ) 30. –“Frog”， Mo Yan's latest novel, please!
–Sorry, it ________ just now. But it will come out again soon.
A. sold out
B. was sold out
C. has sold out

III. 完型填空 (每小题1.5分，共15分)
John’s father died when John was 16 years old. Because John was the eldest boy in his family, he 31 he should take care of the family. Seth, John’s friend, said he would 32
John how to hunt (打猎). John left home in late autumn with Seth, 33 walked deep into the forest. John learned how to hunt from Seth. Four months later, his pile (堆) of animal skins was 34 as tall as he was. John thought he could get at least 200 dollars from them. He
35 to go back home. John was 36 about how to use the money on his way. He wanted to buy a new dress for his mother. Suddenly, a 37 appeared in front of John. There wasn't a 38 over it. How John wanted to see his family！However, it might be 39 to cross the river. John told himself to 40 . He went somewhere and found a boat. In the end, he got home safely by boat.
( ) 31.
A. went
B. thought
C. teach
( ) 32.
A. find
B. want
C. apples
( ) 33.
A. We
B. You
C. They
( ) 34.
A. almost
B. hardly
C. never
( ) 35.
A. agreed
B. refused
C. decided
( ) 36.
A. talking
B. thinking
C. worrying
( ) 37.
A. boat
B. river
C. hospital
( ) 38.
A. way
B. street
C. bridge
( ) 39.
A. dangerous
B. exciting
C. interesting
( ) 40.
A. fall down
B. write down
C. calm down

IV. 阅读理解 (每小题1.5分，共30分)
A
Do you have children who like robots crazily? Do they like to use your home appliances (家用电器) to build mechanical friends for them? Then these cartoons may be just what you're looking for to make them happy!
The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
A boy genius named Jimmy with a big head has a secret science lab under a backyard in the small town of Retroville, in which he builds different robotic inventions. His most successful robot invention is his robot dog, Goddard. Most of his inventions go wrong, but he and his friends end up saving the city time and time again. His poor mother Judy fears for the safety of her kitchen appliances, as Jimmy is known to "borrow" and “improve” them regularly. Kids of all ages will enjoy this cartoon.
Robot & Monster
The newest cartoon from Nickelodeon features is about a robot and a monster who are friends. The robot is voiced by Curtis Armstrong and the monster is voiced by Harland Williams. This show is probably most proper for ages 6 and up, but both my young son and I enjoyed it. There is a lot of humor as well as interesting writing that will appeal to different age groups.

( ) 41. How many cartoons are mentioned in this passage?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
( ) 42. What does Jimmy do in his secret science lab?
A. Makes different houses.
B. Does his homework.
C. Plays computer games.
D. Builds robotic inventions.
( ) 43. Who is Judy in The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius?
A. Jimmy’s friend.
B. Jimmy’s dog.
C. Jimmy’s teacher.
D. Jimmy’s mother.
( ) 44. What’s the relationship between the robot and the monster in Robot & Monster?
A. Father and son.
B. Classmates.
C. Friends.
D. Grandfather and grandson.
( ) 45. The cartoons in this passage most probably attract .
A. children who like dolls
B. children who like English
C. children who like animals
D. children who like robots

B
The Internet doesn't have to be bad. Make the Internet a friend by using some of the great resources on the Internet. There are books and stories online that children can read. Get started today by making a personal library now. We’ve got your library started with the best online stories for children to read. Check them out!
The Grumpy Bug
I really love this sweet story. It’s all about a Grumpy Bug. His mommy sends him out to play. While the Grumpy Bug is out, he discovers how to be good-tempered! It’s written by Robert Scull. It’s a charming story with cute characters and lots of funny things.
My Little Pirate
Ziggity Zoom has a good story for kids who love pirates. My Little Pirate is written by Sharon Pierce McCullough. I love My Little Pirate. It’s one of the best online stories for kids to read.
The Shell Shocked Turtle
Artie Knapp has written a fun story about Owen, a turtle, who is afraid of storms. The Shell Shocked Turtle is a story every child who faces fear can relate to. Later, his elder sister helps him overcome his fear of storms.

( ) 46. According to the writer, we can make the Internet a friend by .
A. using great resources on it
B. watching movies all day
C. playing computer games
D. chatting with good friends
( ) 47. What made the writer think that carrying furniture was “a good idea”?
A. Sad
B. Happy
C. Angry
D. Good-natured
( ) 48. Which of the following is NOT one of the best online stories for kids to read according to the passage?
A. The Grumpy Bug.
B. My Little Pirate.
C. The Shell Shocked Turtle.
D. The Little Girl.
( ) 49. What is the turtle afraid of in the story The Shell Shocked Turtle?
A. Wind
B. Rain
C. Clouds
D. Storms
( ) 50. These stories are most probably .
A. in a magazine
B. in a book
C. in the newspaper
D. on the Internet

C
　 There are different kinds of cartoons for kids.
A kind of cartoons that kids should watch is cartoons like The Flintstones, The Jetsons, or Scooby Doo. This kind of cartoons should be for kids to enjoy. Today’s cartoons like South Park, Robot Chicken, or Family Guy have a lot of bad influences. The characters in those shows say all kinds of curse words. And those words are easy for kids to learn. When they get mad, they cannot keep their words clean. Children should enjoy cartoons that do not have any cursing in them. Parents should keep kids between the ages of 11 and under from watching cartoons with bad words. The best cartoons for kid