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(完整版)2018中考英语1600词汇详解
中考1600词汇详解
A
1. a (an) art. 一个,某个,任何一个
2。 able adj。 有才干的;有能力的,能够的 反义词: unable
n。 ability 能力;才干;才能 adj。 disabled 肢体残疾的
★be able to do sth有能力做某事 ★be unable(=not able) to do sth
★ have the ability to do sth 有做某事的能力
3。 about prep. 对于,关于;大约;在….周围; adv. 处处,到处
★be about to do即将做某事
★ be about to do when + 句子 。 正打算做某事就在这时……
We were about to go when it suddenly rained。
◆. look about = look around环顾四周 3. run about 到处跑
★。 What/How about + n。 / pron。 / doing? 用来征求意见
★a book about …。 一本关于…。.的书
4. above prep。 adj. 在…之上;超过;大于,多于; 上面的; 反义词:below
★ above all 最重要的
Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves。
最重要的是工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。
5. abroad adv。 在外国
◆ from abroad 从国外,从海外 ★ go abroad 出国
★ study abroad 留学 ◆ news abroad and at home 国内外新闻
6。 accept:主观上“接受、认可“的意思,是收到并接受;
receive: 客观上“收到”但不一定接受
I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn’t accept any.
生日那天我收到许多礼物,但是我并没有收下任何礼物。
7。 accident n。 事故; 偶然 adj。 / adv。 accidental(ly) 偶然的(地),意外的(地)
★。 by accident= by chance = accidentally 意外地,偶然地
★ a traffic accident 交通事故
Many traffic accidents were caused by careless driving。
8. according to prep. 根据…;依照 (to是介词)
9。 achieve v. 实现;达到;完成 n. achievement 成就
★achieve your dream = realize your dream = make your dream come true
实现你的梦想
Translate:你的梦想会实现的。
Your dream will be achieved./realized.
Your dream will come true.
You will achieve /realize your dream = make your dream come true。
10. across prep。在…对面, 横过
着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)
★ across the country / the world 全国 / 世界
★go / walk across the street = cross the street
★ swim across the river A new bridge will be built across the river.
★ across the bridge
★across from 在……的对面
11. act n. & v. 行为;举动;
词性转换:
1) actor/actress n。 男演员/女演员 2) action n。 行动;行为;
3) active adj。 积极的;活跃的 4)activity n。 活动 (复数)activities
★ take action(to do sth)采取行动 Let’s take action now!
We should take action to protect the environment. Let’s begin with small things
★ take( an active) part in : (积极)参加
I don’t think everyone should take an active part in the social activities。
★ act as… 扮演…。
12。 add v。 添加;增加;
1)。 add up 加起来 add up these numbers 把这些数字加起来
2)。add up to合计 They add up to 25 他们加起来是25
3)。 add…to…把…. 添加到…. Please add some salt to the noodles.
13。 address n。 地址;住址 pl. addresses
14。 advantage n。 优点;有利之处 (可数)
反: disadvantage 劣势,缺点,不利之处
短语:take advantage of 利用
Playing computer games has its advantages and disadvantages。
15。 advice n。 建义,劝告; (不可数名词)
★ a piece of advice 一条建议 ★ask for advice 征求建议
★give sb some advice about / on…向某人提出关于……建议
★take/follow one's advice接受、遵照某人的建议
16。 advise v.t建议
★ advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 ★ be advised to do sth
★ advise doing sth建议做某事
★ advise that sb. (should )+ do sth。 建议某人做某
17。 afford v. 支付得起 (…的费用等),承担得起(后果),买得起
◆ 常与can/can’t 连用 ★ afford sth/ afford to do sth.
1) I can’t afford (to buy ) the house. 2)We can't afford to wait to take action now.
18. afraid adj. 惊慌的;恐怕的
★ be afraid of sth./ doing sth. 害怕 ….
Don't be afraid of asking for help from others。不要害怕向别人求助.
★ be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事
★ I’m afraid that ….. 恐怕……(+句子)
★I’m afraid so / not。 恐怕如此 / 不是这样.
19. after adv。, prep & conj. 在…之后;晚于
★ after all 终究,毕竟 ★ look after ★take after 长得像
20。 afternoon n. 下午;午后
★ in the afternoon在下午 ★ on Monday afternoon在周一下午
★on the afternoon of May 1在…的下午 ★ on a cold winter afternoon
21。 again adv. 再一次;加之,此外; again = once more
★ again and again= over and over again 一次又一次地,反复地,再三地
I called him again and again, but he didn’t answer the telephone.
22. against prep.
1) 对着,反对 (反) be for 支持,同意
If no one is against this plan, let’s carry it out.
如果没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始吧.
★ be against sth/doing sth 反对…/反对做某事
★ have nothing against doing sth。 不反对
★ play against…与……打比赛 ★ fight against…和…打仗
2) 倚着,靠着 stand against the wall 靠墙站着
3) 相反,逆着 I ran against the wind
4) 违背
★(be)against the law/rules 违反法律、规则
★ against one’s wishes违背某人的愿望
5) The storm beat against the window heavily.
23 。 age n。 年龄;时期;
★ at the age of…= at age … 在…岁时 ★ 和…同岁 the same age as…
★ at an early age 在很小的时候 ★ from a very yong age 从很小的时候
Teenagers should be educated to take care of themselves from a very young age.
24. ago adv. 以前;以往;
★ long ago 很久以前,从前:
★ a moment ago. 刚才
He was here a moment ago。他刚才还在这儿。
★ two years ago 两年前
★ He has studied in this school since three years ago.
25。 agree v。 意见一致;赞成;适合;
n。 agreement。 同意;一致;协议 反: disagree(ment)
★ agree with + 人、意见、看法
I don’t agree with what you said。 我不同意你说的话。
I don't agree with your idea/you. 我不同意你的主意。
★ agree to do sth。 同意做某事
He didn't agree to help us。 他不同意帮助我们。
★ be in agreement (with…) 一致,同意
26。 air n. 大气;天空;态度
★ by air =by plane 乘飞机 ★ in the open)air 在户外
★ take in fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气
27 airport n。机场;航空港 an airport
★ at the airport ★ go to the airport
28。 alive adj。 活着,有生气的
◆ keep…alive 使…。活着/使…永存
29 。 all adj。 & pron。全部的,所有的;
用法:所包含的数量:三个及以上 否定:none
★ all day 整日 ★ all kinds of 各种各样的;
★ all over 遍布 all over the world all over his face 满脸
★ all right 行,可以 ★ not at all 一点也不 ★ all in all 总之
★ in all = in total 总共 ★ all the time 一直
★ Thank you all the same。 仍然感谢你!
30. allow v。准许;允许;
★ allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 ★ be allowed to do sth.
★ allow doing允许做某事
Smoking isn’t allowed in public places。
31. almost adv。 几乎,差不多;将近 ( 同义词:nearly)
Almost everyone knows about it.
32.alone adj. 独自的;单独的;仅仅; 只
★ be alone + 地点 独自一人在….. He was alone in the room。
★ Leave sb。 alone 把某人单独留下, 别理某人,别打扰某人
★ do sth alone 独自一人做某事
1) He lives alone. 他独居. 2)I finished the task alone。
3)This year alone, hundreds of children died from traffic accidents。 仅今年,
33.along adv. & prep沿着;向前;共同,一起;
★along with = together with 和…。。一起,连同
1。Yesterday I went along with my brother to the shop。
昨天我和我的弟弟一道去了那家商店.
2. He along/together with his parents has gone to America。
★★get along (well/ badly) with = get on with 与某人相处融洽(不好)
★come along 出现 ★ all along 一直,始终
★★ (walk) along the street 沿着大街(走)
34。 aloud adv. 出声地;大声地 (强调把声音发出来)
★★ read aloud朗读 ★ call aloud for help 高声喊叫求救
35。 already adv.早已;早;
already: 完成时态;肯定句中;否定句中,表示“惊讶,不相信”
yet : “尚(未),已经”:用于完成时态的否定句、疑问句中
36.also adv。 而且;还
1。 放在肯定句句中(be,助动词,情态动词后,行为动词前)
He has also finished it。
★2. 而且 = besides = What’s more 置于句首,后有逗号
It is very cold。 Also,it is raining heavily。
★ not only …but (also)…. (连接主语,谓语动词就近原则)
Not only Lucy but also her parents are going to take a vacation .
37。 although = though conj.虽然;尽管
◆ 不和but 同用在一个句子中
Although he worked hard, he made little progress.
He worked hard, but he made little progress。
38. always adv.永远;总是;经常
◆ 常用于一般现在时和一般过去时,表示动作发生的频率,用how often 提问
★ be always doing sth。表示赞扬、责备、憎恶等情绪
He is always getting up late。
39。 America / the USA 美国 American adj。美洲的;美国人
◆ an American (city) ◆ North / South / central America
40. among prep.被…所包围;其中, 在….中间
◆用于“三者或三者以上之间” ,句子常用最高级
He is the tallest among the students.
★ be popular among / with 受…的欢迎
41。 ancient adj. 古老的,古代的
★ 在古代 in ancient times / days
★ China is an ancient country 中国是一个古老的国家
42. and conj.和;及;
★ and so on 等等
This book tells about food, fruits, dishes and so on.
◆◆ 祈使句,and +陈述句 (主语+ 一般将来时)
Think it over and you will find a good way。
★★ both … and … (谓语用复数)
43。 angry adj。生气的;愤怒的 (angrier/est)
n。 anger 生气 adv。 angrily生气地
★be angry with sb。 (at/about sth.) ★feel angry
44 . animal n。动物;牲畜 ◆ an animal hospital 动物医院
45。 another adj。 & pron.别的;另一的;
◆三者或以上(不定数)中的另一个
Would you like another cup of tea?
◆ another + 基数词+ 名词 =基数词+more +名词 表示在原有的基础上增加
another two books = two more books 再要两本书
★ one another 彼此,互相
46。answer v. 回答; n. 答案 ,回答
◆ the answer(=reply/key) to the question
◆ answer my question = reply to my question ★ answer the telephon接电话
47。 ant n。 蚂蚁 an ant
48。 any pron. & adj每一的;任何一个的.
49。anybody pron。 任何人;重要人物
50。 anyone pron. 任何人
51。anything pron. 任何事;无论何事
52。anyway adv。不管怎样;无论如何
Anyway, you must work harder to get better grades。
53.anywhere adv。不管在(到)什么地方
54。appear v。 出现;好像,发生 n。 appearance 出现,外貌,外表
(反)disappear 消失
55。 apple n.苹果 an apple an apple tree banana trees
The apples on his farm were picked yesterday。
56. April n. 四月
◆ in April ◆ on April Fool’s Day
Transalte: 每年四月在我们城市都植树。
57。area n。 面积;地区;范围
58. arm n.胳臂;袖子
59。army n.陆军;军队;
★join the army He joined the army two years ago.
◆ (be) in the army He has been in the army for two years.
60.around prep。围绕;环绕;在…四周/ adv。 大约
◆ at around(=about) six o’clock。
★ show sb。 around 领某人参观….. ★ look around 环顾,往四下里看
61。 arrive vi. 到达;抵达;
★arrive at +小地方/arrive in + 大地方 arrive home /here /there
62. art n。艺术;艺术品
(an)artist 艺术家
63。 article n.商品;物品;文章 an article
64. as adv。, conj & prep 作为;同样地;与……一样;
★ as…as…(用于比较)与…一样;not as/so …as…
Tom is as tall as his brother。 汤姆和他弟弟一样高。
★ as a result 结果:
He works hard all day, as a result, he got a good mark in his English exam。
他整日努力学习,因此在英语考试中取得了优异的成绩.
★as long as conj. 只要,(同级比较)和……一样长:
You will do well in your English study as /so long as you keep on。
只要坚持下去,你一定能学好英语 。
★。 as well 也;肯定句句尾
My class went to the cinema and I went there as well。
65.Asia n亚洲 Asian a & n. 亚洲人;亚洲的
China is an Asian country with a long history.
66. ask v。 问;询问;请求
★ ask sb (not) to do sth be asked (not) to do
★ ask(sb。) for sth。 (向某人)要、要求……★ ask sb. about ….. 询问关于…..
67. asleep adj.睡熟(的)
★ fall asleep 入睡:
Though it is 12 in the night. I still find it hard to fall asleep.
尽管已经是夜里12点钟了,我发现还是很难入睡.
68. at prep.在;在…里 (短语见3·2P 98)
69. attend v. 参加,出席(会议,宴会等)
他昨天没去上学。 He didn’t attend school yesterday.
70。 attention n.专心;注意
★ pay ( much/ no / tons of ) attention to (to是介词)
71.August n.八月
72. aunt n。 姑妈;姨妈;婶母
73。 Australia n.澳大利亚的 Australian 澳大利亚人,澳大利亚的
74. autumn n.秋季; fall (同义词)
★ mid-autumn 中秋 ★ in autumn ★ the Mid—autumn Festival 在中秋节
★ in the autumn of 2016 / on an autumn morning
75。 avoid n.避开;回避,避免 ★ avoid sth. / doing sth
76. awake adj。醒着的 ★be awake (表示状态)
He has been awake for half an hour。
77. away adv。 向…走开;逝去
◆ be away (from…) 是leave 的延续性动词
Translate: 他已经离开中国 3年了.
78. awful adj。 很坏的,讨厌的
an awful picture 一张难看的图画 adv. awfully
What an awful smell!
B
1. baby (pl. babies )n。 婴儿;幼兽;小型 a baby panda 小熊猫
2. back n。 背部,背面,反面,后部
★ in/ at the back of the classroom 在教室(内部)的后面
adj。 后面的,后部的 the back cover 背面 the back door后门
adv. 在后,向后 walk back 往回走
★ give sth back to sb。 = return sth to sb. 归还…
★ get back / come back (终止性动词) 回来 be back (延续性动词)
★ 拿回,取回get sth. back / take sth. back
★ 在归途中 on the way back ( home / to…)
3。 background n。背景;远景; 出身;个人背景.
background music背景音乐
4. bad ( worse, worst) adj。 坏的, 恶劣的
词性变化: adv。 badly .坏;差;非常严重地 (worse, worst)
★★ be bad for= be harmful to…= do harm to … 对… 有害
★ go bad变质 Milk goes bad easily in summer。
★ What bad luck! 真倒霉!
◆ It’s bad manners (= impolite)to talk in class. 上课说话是无礼的。
5. bag n.袋;包;囊
6. ball n.球; 舞会 go to the ball 去参加舞会
7. balloon n。玩具气球;气球; ◆ fly balloons 放飞气球
8. bamboo n。竹;竹竿 pl. bamboos
9. banana n.香蕉;香蕉树
10. bank n.河岸;滩 ;银行;储蓄所;
◆ on both banks/ each (either) bank of the river在河两岸上
◆ the Bank of China中国银行
11. baseball n棒球; 棒球运动 ◆ play baseball
12. basic adj.基本的;根本的;初级的;
基本能力basic ability 初级英语basic English
13。basket n. 。篮;篓;筐
★ a basket of apples ★ make five baskets 投进五个球
14.basketball n篮球;。篮球运动 ★ play basketball
15。 bathroom n。 浴室;厕所;
16. be (is,am,are) v。存在;发生;位于
17 beach(es) n.海滩;沙滩 ◆ go to the beach/go to the beaches 去海边
18. bear n. 熊 V。 忍受 ,生孩子 (bore,born)
19.beat (beat, beaten) v. & n。 打;击;敲打;(心脏、脉搏)跳动;打败
1). He felt his heart beating fast when he heard the news.
★ beat sb.打败某人 be beaten
2) The rain beat against the window heavily. 雨猛烈拍打着窗子。
20。 beautiful adj美好的;优美的;
n。 beauty 美; 美丽 ◆ more / most beautiful
21。 because conj.因为;由于 ;
because+ 句子;because of + 名词/ 名词词组 / doing
22. become v。 成为;变得
◆ become – became –become
★ become + adj. become interested in
23. bed n.床 ★ go to bed 上床睡觉 ★ ill in bed卧病在床 ★ lie in bed
★ Don't read in bed. It's bad for your eyes。
24. bedroom n。寝室 ;卧室
25。 beef n. 牛肉;菜牛 (不可数名词) beef soup / noodles
26。 before prep. adv。 & conj。在…之前;在前;以前;
★ the day before yesterday 前天
◆ 常用于现在完成时 He has read these books before.
27. begin v。 开始;着手;
◆ begin –began –begun ◆beginning n.开端;起点;起源 ◆ beginner。
★ at the beginning of… 在…开始的时候 at the end of…。
★ begin with = start with 以…开始(后接名词,代词)
★ to begin with = to start with 首先
★ begin/ st art to do sth begin/ start doing sth
We can begin with small things to protect the earth.
28。 behind prep。在…背后;
There is a big garden behind the house。
★ fall behind 落后 If you don’t work hard, you’ll fall behind others.
★leave …behind 超过,把…落在后面
If you don’t work hard, I will leave you behind。
◆behind the time /age 落后于时代
29。 believe 相信;认为;猜想
词形变化:believable (adj。 可信的) unbelievable (adj。 不可信的)
◆ believe sb相信某人的话 believe in sb = trust sb. 信任某人的人品
★人们相信……。 People believe that ….. / It is believed that ….。
30。 bell n。铃;钟 ◆ There goes the bell . 铃响了。 ◆ ring the bell 。按铃
31。below prep.在…下;低于
32. beside prep 在……旁边;在……附近
sleep beside the teddy bear。睡在玩具熊的旁边
33。 between prep 在……之间;(两者)
★ between…and…. 在…。。和…..之间
1)What is the difference between the two words?这两个词的区别是什么?
2)There is a break betwween classes. 课间有休息。
34. big adj。大的;巨大的
◆ big – bigger — biggest
◆ a big man = an important man 大人物,要人
★ It's not a big deal。 不是什么大事
35 bike =bicycle n自行车;摩托车
★go to school by bike / on a bike / ride a bike to school
36. bill n.帐单;法案 ◆ pay the bill结账,付账
37。 bird n。 鸟;禽
38. birth n。出生;开始;出身
★ give birth to生孩子 She gave birth to a healthy boy.
◆ from birth 从出生 ◆ at birth 在出生时
39。 birthday n. 生日;周年纪念日
生日蛋糕 a birthday cake
★ on my ninth birthday 在我9岁生日时
40。 biscuit n.饼干 (可数)
41。 bit n。一小块;少量
◆ a bit of = a little + 不可数名词 一点儿
★ a little = a bit = a little bit+ adj。 /adv. 的原形、比较级
42。 black adj。 & n.黑色的 black tea 红茶
★ the girl in black 穿黑衣服的女孩
43。 blackboard n。 黑板;
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