一般将来时的被动语态.doc

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I语法：
一般将来时的被动语态
一般将来时的被动语态“……将要被……”，其常用的表达形式有“will/shall+be+及物动词的过去分词”，“be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词”，“be to+be+及物动词的过去分词”三种。
一、一般将来时的被动语态的几种句式：
1、肯定式：主语+shall/will+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
2、否定式：主语+shall/will+ not+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
3、一般疑问式：Shall/Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
4、特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+shall/will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
二、一般将来时的被动语态的用法：
1、表示根据计划或者安排将要发生的被动动作。
2、表示有固定性条件就有规律性的被动结果。
Heated to 100 0C, water will be turned into steam. 加热到100摄氏度，水将会变成水蒸汽。
If you speak in class, you will be punished.
三、一般将来时被动语态的注意事项：
1、在时间、条件状语从句中，应使用现在时表示将来时。同样，应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。
He says he will leave the company if he is punished for this.
When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River will be controlled.
2、使用一般将来时的被动语态时，不要遗漏被动式中的be。

现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果。
一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成：Have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词
二、现在完成时的被动语态的形式：
1、肯定式：主语+have/has+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
The car has been repaired.
2、否定式：主语+have/has+ not+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
The house has not been cleaned for a long time.
3、一般疑问式：Have/Has +主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他
Has my letter been receieved?
4、特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词+其他
Whether has the new plan been carried out yet?
三、注意：
1、现在完成时的被动语态同主动语态一样强调过去动作的延续或对现在造成的影响。
2、被动语态没有完成进行时态，现在完成进行时态的主动改为被动语态时用现在完成时。
He has been writing the report for two days. 变为被动语态应为：
The report has been written by him for two days.
3、主动语态变被动语态时要注意主谓一致问题。
We have used this computer for three years. 变为被动语态应为：
The computer has been used for three years.
4、动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。
The orphan has been looked after by his neighbours. 这个孤儿一直由邻居们照顾。
The problem has been paid enough attention to. 这个问题已经被经予了足够的重视。

现在进行时的被动语态
一、基本结构
am/is/are+being+done
Don’t touch the machine when it is being operated. 机器运转时别用手摸。
二、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1、表示此时此刻正在进行的被动的动作。
The car is being repaired at the garage.
2、表示现阶段正在进行的被动的动作。
A modern school is being built in my hometown. 在我的家乡正在建一座现代化学校。
3、表示反复进行的被动的动作。
Always和现在进行时的被动语态连用可表示反复进行的被动的动作，这种动词形式常用来表示赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。
What surprised me most is that that book is always being read by him.
最令我感动惊讶的是，他老是在读那本书。
I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop are always bing stlen.
我感到很迷惑，我们商店的商品老是被偷。
三、现在进行时的被动语态的使用场合
1、不知道动作的执行者时。
Do you hear a wonderful film is being put on? 你听说有一部好片在上演吗？
2、动作执行者为泛指或不言自明时。
Not a question is being discussed at the meeting. 此刻没有一个问题在会上被讨论。
3、动作的执行者不是人时。
A lot of houses are being washed away by the flood. 许多房屋正在被洪水冲走。
四、使用现在进行时的被动语态要注意的问题
1、不可漏掉being。若漏掉，则成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。
Look! The children are being looked after by the teacher. 看！孩子们正被老师照看着。
The children are looked after by the teacher. 孩子们被老师照看。
2、可与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。
He must be being scolded by his father. 他一定正被他的父亲斥责。
3、有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。
An English party is being held tonight.
4、某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词，如have,want, need, love，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态。
5、“be+under/in+n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。
The problem is under discussion at the meeting.
=is being discussed

【语法专练】
1. Our lab next month.
A. will finish B. will be finished C. be finished D. finish
2. I want to know who for the fault.
A.be punished B.punish C.will be punished D.will punished
3. The boy will by his elder sister.
A.look after B.be taken care C.take care of D.be taken care of
4. Mr. Li certainly a new house if more new houses .
A.will; be given; are built B.will; be given; will be built
C.is; given; are going to be built D.will; given; are built
5. I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child.
A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame
6. Paper money for over a thousand years.
A.used B.has been used C.has used D.is using
7. —We want to sit at the table near the window. —I'm sorry, but it already.
A. has taken B.took C.was taken D.has been taken
8. Great changes in my hometown and a lot of factories .
A.have been taken place; are being set up B.have taken place; have been set up
C.are taken place; had been set up D.had taken place; will be set up
9. So far, the moon by man already.
A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited
10. I got caught in the rain and my suit .
A.has ruined B.had ruined C.has been ruined D.had been ruined
11. Will you please keep silent? The weather report and I want to listen.
A.is broadcast B.is being broadcast C.has been broadcast D.had been broadcast
12.—I don't suppose the police know who did it.
—Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and now.
A. has been questioned B.is being questioned C.is questioning D.has questioned
13. —Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
—Ye, I have. I guess it now.
A. has graded B.is graded C.is being graded D.is grading
14. The question which now has something to do with the present international trade.
A.discuss B.is discussed C.be discussed D.is being discussed
15. —What's that noise?
—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine .
A.was tested B.will be tested C.is being tested D.has been tested

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