高中英语虚拟语气高频考点知识梳理.docx

高中英语虚拟语气高频考点知识梳理1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、It is necessary that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.AwasBwereCbeDis答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。句意：孩子的第一次眼睛检查必须在六个月大的时候进行。固定句型：It is necessary that 主语+（should）+动词原形+其他。该句型中谓语动词用should加动词原形，且should可以省略。故选C。2、The snowstorm sweeping across California delayed my flight, otherwise I _ in Hawaii sunbathing on the beach now.Awould beBcould have beenCwill beDmight have been答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：席卷加利福尼亚的暴风雪延误了我的航班，否则我现在会在夏威夷的海滩上晒太阳。根据句意，“我”现在不可能在夏威夷(因为航班延误了)，“我”所说的（我现在会在夏威夷晒太阳）与事实相反，所以要用虚拟语气，根据now可知这是对现在的虚拟，所以主句要用情态动词+do的结构，故选A。小提示：本题中的otherwise是含蓄虚拟语气的一个标志，意为“否则；不然”，用在虚拟语气中相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中。比如本句中，根据上文可知，“我”现在不可能夏威夷(因为航班延误了)，所以要用虚拟语气。3、Youd rather I _ her the news, _?Atoldwouldnt youBtoldhadnt youCtellwouldnt youDtellhadnt you答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气的特殊句型。句意：你宁愿我告诉她这个消息，是吗？would rather 后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气：would rather (that) sb. did sth.(宁愿某人做某事)，即宾语从句的动词用过去式(与现在相反的假设)或过去完成时(与过去相反的假设，一般句末有过去时间)。本题句末无过去时间，要理解成与现在相反的假设，所以动词用过去式；反意疑问句部分表示反问主句主语，故用wouldnt you。故选A。4、Im having a headache again.I suggest you_some medicine.AtakingBtakenCtakeDto take答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。我又头疼了。我建议你吃点药。分析句子结构，you_some medicine是一个省略了that的宾语从句，suggest表示建议，其后的宾语从句用should+动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气，故选C。5、He cant spare some time for a holiday and sometimes he would rather he such an organization in the city of Shenzhen.Ahasnt runBdoesnt runCdidnt runDhadnt run答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意:他无法抽出一些时间来度假，有时他宁愿自己没有在深圳开办这样的机构。would rather+从句结构意为宁愿。在该结构中，从句需用虚拟语气，表示现在或将来的愿望时，从句的谓语动词需用一般过去时；表示过去的愿望时，从句的谓语动词需用过去完成时。根据句意可知，此处表示的是现在的一个愿望，故应选C。6、It is required that every student_ a foreign language before going abroad.Amust learnBlearnClearnsDwill learn答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：每个学生出国前都必须学一门外语。句型It is required that.，该句型中that从句要用should + 动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。结合选项，选项B符合题意，故选B。7、Mr Smiths doctor suggested that he _ and exercise regularly.Ashould eatBwill eatCcan eatDwould eat答案：A解析：考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：史密斯先生的医生建议他规律性地吃饭与锻炼。这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，由suggest（建议）可知，这句话是医生的建议，所以从句中谓语动词应使用（should）+动词原形。故选A。小提示：在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中，由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：表示“要求”的：ask，desire，request，demand，require，beg；表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move，prpose，suggest，recommend，advise，vote；表示“决定、命令”的：decide，order；表示“主张”的：maintain，urge；表示“同意、坚持”的：consent，insist等。本题的句子是宾语从句，且有谓语动词suggest表示建议，所以其后的从句中谓语动词应使用should+动词原形的形式。故选A。8、We should consider students suggestion _ the school library provide more books on popular science.AthatBwhenCwhetherDwhy答案：A解析：考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生的（关于）学校图书馆（应该）提供更多的科普书籍的建议。分析可知，“the school library provide more books on popular science”应是之前名词“students suggestion”的同位语从句，解释说明其具体内容。此处suggestion 为“建议”含义，其后的同位语从句应是虚拟语气句式，即：从句中的谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。结合从句句子成分结构完整，句意完整，应用that引导从句。故选A项。小提示：同位语从句的引导词的选择1).如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。2).如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）例：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加“是否”的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。3).如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。例：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意义不完整，应加“什么时候”的含义才能表达idea的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。例：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析：he went home意义不完整，应加“如何”的含义才能表达impression的全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。比如本题：We should consider students suggestion _ the school library provide more books on popular science. A.thatB.whenC.whetherD.why本题中可以根据句意分析得知，空后内容应是之前名词的同位语从句，同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句，即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略。因此该题的答案应是A项。9、Its time we _ business.Agot down forBgetting down forCget down toDgot down to答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：是时候开始我们的正事了。get down to意为“开始，着手处理”。its time that后的从句需用过去时或者should do，表示虚拟语气，结合选项，故选D。10、_ ten years younger, I would study abroad.AIf were IBI wereCWere IDWas I答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我年轻十岁，我就会出国留学。此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般过去时(be用were)，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形，如果条件句中有were，had，should等助动词，可将if省略，将were，had或should置于句首，来表达与if引导的虚拟条件句相同的意思，故C项正确。11、Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycies to school for safety.Anot allowBdo not allowCmustnt allowDcouldnt allow答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学，以保证安全。recommend 后是宾语从句，属于虚拟语气，谓语动词用should加动词原形，should可以省略。故选A。12、Frankly, Id rather you _anything about it for the time being.Anot doBdont doCdidnt doDwill not do答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：坦白说，我希望你暂时什么都不要做。would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，本句中需要用一般过去时表现现在或将来的愿望。动词do的否定过去式为didnt do，故选C项。13、We wish we_ harder when at school.AstudyBhave studyCwill studyDhad studied答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们要是在学校时学习更努力就好了。wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，结合语境和when at school判断此处是与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。故选D。14、 Have you heard of Li Ziqi, a popular vlogger?Definitely. How I wish I _ her, showing the world the wonderful culture of ChinaAamBwereCwill beDhad been答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你听说过李子柒吗，一个很受欢迎的视频博主?当然。我多么希望我是她，向世界展示中国精彩的文化。动词wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处与现在的事实相反，句子用一般过去时态，be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故选B。15、If he had known it earlier, he _ you not to take that foolish action.Awould persuadeBwould be persuadedCwould have persuadedDwould be persuading答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他早点知道，他就会劝你不要采取那个愚蠢的行动。根据句意，再结合if he had known it earlier“如果他早点知道”可知，此处用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，其主句部分应是would/should/could/might+have done，故选C项。16、He ordered that the house _.Awas soldBis soldCwould be soldDbe sold答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他命令把房子卖掉。order表示“命令”接从句时，从句用(should)do，且本句中sell与house构成被动关系，故应为(should)be sold，should可以省略。故选D。17、It was proposed that a fund _ to raise money.Abe establishedBestablishedCestablishDwill be established答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：有人建议成立一个基金来筹集资金。propose“提议，建议”为动词，其后的名词性从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略。本句使用了it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语，名词fund与动词establish为动宾关系，所以空白处应用被动语态，省略should，所以此处填be established。故选A。18、The steak in the restaurant was terrible. How I wish I rice!Awould orderBorderedCorderDhad ordered答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这家餐馆里的牛排糟透了，我多么希望我点的是米饭啊！根据“The steak in the restaurant was terrible.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以应该用had+ 过去分词的形式，故D项正确。小提示：wish后的宾语从句中，常表示不可能实现的愿望，表示与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用动词过去式（be用were）；表示与过去事实相反时，从句谓语用had+过去分词；表示与将来事实相反时，从句谓语用could/would/should+动词原形。本题根据“The steak in the restaurant was terrible.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以应该用had+ 过去分词的形式。19、The proposal Father made this morning did sound feasible _ every member of the family _ one-third of his or her income in case of emergencyAwhich, set asideBthat, set asideCwhich, sets asideDthat, sets aside答案：B解析：考查名词性从句和虚拟语气。句意：父亲今天早上提出的建议听起来可行，每个家庭成员都留出三分之一的收入以备不时之需。第一空引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，用连接词that引导，解释说明名词proposal。proposal表示“建议”时，从句应该使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选B。20、These achievements _ without the contribution of Luo Yang，the chief commander of Chinas fighter jet J15(歼15项目负责人).Awould have been achievedBwould not achievedCwould not have been achievedDwould not be achieved答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有中国歼-15战斗机项目负责人罗阳的贡献，这些成就是不可能实现的。根据without 可知，此处是个含蓄条件句，表示对过去情况的虚拟用would have done，主语These achievements 和achieve之间是被动关系，且表示否定意义，用would not have been done符合题意。故选C。21、Mable is very weak, so the doctor advised that not only _ more flood, but she should also take more exercise.Ashould she haveBshe should haveCshe hasDhas she答案：A解析：考查倒装句和虚拟语气。句意：马布尔现在很虚弱，因此医生建议她不仅应该多吃点，也应该多锻炼。advise意为“建议”，后接宾语从句时，常用“（should+）动词原形”虚拟结构；当not only位于句首时，句中需要部分倒装，因此需要把助动词should提到主语she的前面。故选A。小提示：部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词、系动词be，移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。当具有否定意义或半否定意义的词或短语、结构等放于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。22、If he my advice,he wouldnt have lost his job.AfollowedBshould followChad followedDwould followed答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听了我的劝告，他就不会失业了。带有if条件句的虚拟语气中，表示与过去相反的结果，if从句中用过去完成时，主句中用would/could/might + have done形式，根据句意可知，选项C符合语境。23、She is probably better off fainting. She _ the pain if she _ conscious.Acouldnt standwereBcannot standwill beCcouldnt have stoodhad beenDcannot have stoodis答案：A解析：考查if虚拟语气的用法。句意：她最好还是晕过去。如果她神志清醒，她就无法忍受疼痛。根据第一句可知时态是一般现在时，故if表示与现在事实相反的假设。对现在事实相反的假设，从句：did /were，主句：would/could/might do。故选A。小提示：本句考查if对现在事实相反的假设。if在虚拟语气三种情况：(1)对过去事实相反：从句had done，主句would/could/might+have done (2)对现在事实相反：从句did /were，主句would/could/might+do (3)对将来事实相反：从句should do/were to do/did，主句would/could/might+do。24、As the day was fine, I made the suggestion _ for a walk in the park.Awe goBwe will goCwe should goDthat we go答案：D解析：考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。句意：因为天气晴朗，我就建议我们去公园散步。根据句子结构和意思可知，名词suggestion后面是用来解释它的具体内容，所以是同位语从句，从句中基本成分完整，不需要意思连贯，所以用连词that引导，不能省略；表示“建议”意思的名词suggestion的相关从句的谓语要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略。故选D。25、If the weather had been better, we _ a picnic yesterday.Amust have hadBwould haveCcould have hadDwill have答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果昨天的天气再好一点，我们本可以去野餐的。根据yesterday可知，本句表示与过去事实相反，主句部分要使用“情态动词+have done”表示对过去情况的虚拟，排除BD项，A项“must have done”通常表示对过去发生事情有把握的肯定推测，不符语境。故C项正确。26、Ms. Lin suggested that he _the reading competition.Atook part inBis taking part inCtakes part inDtake part in答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：林老师建议他参加阅读比赛。suggest表示“建议”，引导的that宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限，所以空处需用 (should) take part in，should可以省略。故选D。27、Last year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of Peoples Republic of China. On October 1st, hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life and around the country came to Beijing Tiananmen Square to witness this exciting moment. Its a pity for me that I didnt come. If only I _ there with my family.AcomeBcameChad comeDhave come答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：去年是中华人民共和国成立70周年。10月1日，成千上万的来自各行各业、各地的人到北京天安门广场见证这激动人心的时刻。我没来，真遗憾。要是我和家人一起去那里就好了。对过去的虚拟，用if only sb had done sth。If only相当于How I wish。28、It was the drug, not the disease, that killed the boy.He would be still alive today if he _it.Adoesnt takeBshouldnt have takenCdidnt takeDhadnt taken答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：是毒品而不是疾病杀死了这男孩。如果他不吸毒的话，他现在还活着。分析句子可知，此处考查虚拟语气，结合语境可知if引导的句子与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时had done，hadnt taken it“如果没有吸毒”故填D项。29、It is recommended that the project_ until all the preparations have been made.Ais not startedBwill not be startedCnot be startedDis not to be started答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：建议在所有的准备工作完成之前不要开始这个项目。英语中表示建议、要求、命令的词与名词性从句连用，recommend 与名词性从句中连用时从句中的动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略，本句动词recommend 表示建议，that引导了主语从句，所以本题答案是C。30、This computer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first three months, we would repair it at our expense.AwouldBwere toCcouldDmight答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这台电脑质量很好。如果它在头三个月内坏了，我们将免费为您修理。根据“we would repair it at our expense.”可知,此处表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语用过去式（be用were）/were to do/should do，主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形，故B项正确。31、If he had known how to do it, he _ you.Ahas shownBhad shownCwould shownDwould have shown答案：D解析：考查if引导的非真实条件状语从句。句意：如果他知道怎么做，他会告诉你的。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去的事实相反，主句用would have done结构。故选D。小提示：If引导的虚拟语气：1). 表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)，主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do，If I were you，I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2). 表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done，主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done，If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3). 表示与将来事实相反从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were），主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do，If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）32、Supposing this ship _,do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?Awas sinkingBhas sunkCwere to sinkDsinks答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：假如这艘船将要沉没，你认为会有足够的救生衣供所有乘客穿吗？根据连词supposing(假如)可知，本句考查虚拟语气。根据句意以及主句的would be可知，句子是对将来事实的虚拟。所以对将来事实进行虚拟的从句要使用should do/did/were to do这一结构。故此题选C。33、She always talks to me _ she were my mother.Aought toBas thoughCin debtDas for答案：B解析：考查短语辨析。句意：她总是以我母亲的口气跟我说话。A. ought to应该；B. as though好像；C. in debt负债；D. as for关于。根据“she were my mother”可知，方式状语从句为虚拟语气，选择项中只有as though可以引导从句的虚拟语气。故选B。34、 I really never enjoyed myself so much at the concert yesterday. How I wish I _ not always so busy and had been with you!AamBwould beCwereDhad been答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：在昨天的音乐会上，我真的从来没有这么开心过。我多么希望，我不要总是那么忙，并且一直和你在一起！分析句子可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词应用虚拟语气，因为此句表示的是与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句谓语动词用一般过去时（were）。故选C项。小提示：虚拟语气wish三种时态虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式： 对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语wish (that)从句主语would/could/might +动词原形； 表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语wish (that)从句主语动词过去式； 对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语wish (that)从句主语would/could have done或had过去分词。如在本题中，wish接的是与现在事实相反的愿望，所以所以从句谓语动词用一般过去时（were）。故选C项。35、The doctor suggested that she _ in bed, while her smiling face suggested there _ nothing serious.Astay; wasBstayed; wasCstayed; beDstay; be答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：医生建议她卧床休息，但她的笑容表明没有什么严重的事。第一空中suggest表示“建议”时，后跟宾语从句中需用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形，should可以省略，故第一空填stay；第二空中suggest表示“表明”时，后跟从句不需要用虚拟语气，结合上文suggested可知应用一般过去时，there be句型中，谓语动词与nothing保持一致应用单数was。故选A。36、The government required that every effort _to bring down house prices.Ashould makeBwould be madeCbe madeDmust be made答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：政府紧急督促要尽一切努力降低房价。此处require后宾语从句用should+动词原形形式，should被省略；宾语从句还是make every effort to do sth被动形式。故选C。小提示：后接虚拟语气的常见词1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain closed.3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。37、There was a huge bang as if someone _ a rocket outside.AexplodedBhave explodedChad explodedDdid explode答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：有一阵巨响，就像有人在外面引爆了火箭似的。as if意为“好像”，后接虚拟语气，分析句子可知，此处表示的是与过去的事实相反，从句时态要用过去完成时。故选C项。38、Without the ticket you gave to me, I _able to go to the concert tomorrow.AwerentBwo