全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration考点总结.pdf

1 全国通用全国通用 20232023 高中英语必修三高中英语必修三 Unit4SpaceExplorationUnit4SpaceExploration 考点总结考点总结 单选题 1、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)_ for doing nothing.AargumentBresourceCperformanceDauthority 答案：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument 理由；B.resource 资源；C.performance 表演；D.authority 当权者。根据“for doing nothing.”可知，不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。故选 A 项。小提示：2、Youll never speak English well_you often practice it.AunlessBifCorDotherwise 答案：A 考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非你经常练习，否则你永远讲不好英语。A.unless 除非；B.if 如果；C.or 或者；D.otherwise 否则。根据“Youll never speak English well”可知这里意思是除非你经常练习，否则你永远讲不好英语。故选 A。3、Walk along this road for 100 meters _ youll see the hospital.AorBotherwiseCandDor else 答案：C 考查连词词义辨析。句意：沿着这条街走 100 米，然后你就会看到医院。A.or 或者；B.otherwise 否则；C.and然后、和；D.or else 否则。“祈使句+and/or+简单句”为固定句型，此处应填 and 表示“然后”。故选 C 项。4、With the popularity of smart phones,people gradually lose the _ for watching television,which makes TV a decoration of the house.AanalysisBappetiteCincidentDappreciation 答案：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的一种装饰。A.analysis 分析；B.appetite 兴趣，欲望；C.incident 事件；D.appreciation 欣赏。根据2 “which makes TV a decoration of the house”可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite 符合题意。故选 B。5、The Clear Your Plate Campaign urges people_ food by not wasting anything on the dining table.AsavingBto saveCto have savedDhaving saved 答案：B 考查非谓语动词。句意：“清理你的盘子”运动敦促人们通过不浪费餐桌上的任何东西来节约食物。固定搭配urge sb.to do sth.译为“敦促某人做某事”。故选 B。6、In our company,we are not allowed_ while we are working.AtalkingBtalkedCto talkDbeing talked 答案：C 考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们公司，我们工作时不允许说话。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，这里用其被动形式 sb.be allowed to do sth.。故选 C。7、The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center,_ the Gaofen 3C radar satellite was launched on April 7,2022,lies in northwestern Chinas Gobi Desert.Afrom whichBof whichCto whichDon which 答案：A 考查定语从句。句意：2022 年 4 月 7 日，高分 3C 雷达卫星从酒泉卫星发射中心发射，该发射中心位于中国西北部戈壁沙漠。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center，指物，根据定语从句的意思可知，高分 3C 雷达卫星是从酒泉卫星发射中心发射的，所以可以用“介词 from which”的结构，which 指代 the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center。故选 A。8、Through a long period of professional training,he was well _ for the job.AworthwhileBqualifiedCchallengeableDlimited 答案：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过长期的专业训练，他完全有资格担任这项工作。worthwhile“值得的”；qualified“具备的知识（或技能）；符合资格”；challengeable“挑战性的”；limited“有限的”，由“Through a long period of professional training”可推断，经过训练他已经完全具备了这项工作要求的知识和技能。be qualified for“有的资格，适于担任”。故选 B。小提示：9、The handful of foreign coins is often not _ to buy much from the duty-free shop.3 AexceptionalBsufficientCfascinatedDcomplicated 答案：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：少量的外币往往不足以从免税商店购买很多。A.exceptional 例外的；B.sufficient 足够的；C.fascinated 着迷的；D.complicated 复杂的。根据空前 not 及句中“buy much from the duty-free shop”可知，外币不足以买许多的东西，故选 B。10、Physically challenged as Jack was,he didnt himself to his fate.AresignBpreserveCdevoteDattach 答案：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克虽然身体有缺陷，但他没有听天由命。A.resign 辞职，放弃；B.preserve 保护；C.devote 贡献，把专注于；D.attach 重视。根据“didnt”和“his fate”可知，此处表示没有听天由命，resign oneself to 为固定短语，意为“听任”。故选 A。11、There is a bus service to the airport from the south of the city.AresponsibleBactualCregularDtypical 答案：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从城南有定期的公共汽车开往机场。A.responsible 有责任的；B.actual 事实上的；C.regular 定期的；D.typical 典型的。根据本句“to the airport from the south of the city.(从城南到机场)”可知是从城南到机场有定期的公共汽车。故选 C。12、Yesterday,another student and I,representing our universitys student association,went to the Capital International Airport_ this years international students.AmeetBmeetingCto be metDto meet 答案：D 考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天，我和另一个学生代表我们学校的学生会去首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。句中已有谓语动词 went 且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词；结合句意，表目的应用不定式，且逻辑主语another student and I 和 meet 之间为主动关系，故用不定式的一般式。故选 D。13、I called the office to _ them on the days developments.AinformBremindCupdateDinsist 答案：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给办公室，向他们汇报当天的进展。A.inform 通知；B.remind 提醒；4 C.update 向提供最新信息；D.insist 坚持。inform 的搭配为 inform sb of sth，意为“通知某人某事”；remind 的搭配为 remind sb of sth，意为“使某人想起；提醒某人”；insist 的搭配为 insist on(doing)sth，意为“坚持做某事”，或者后接宾语从句；而 update 的搭配为 update sb on sth,意为“向某人提供最新信息”,在句中以动词不定式的形式作目的状语。故选 C 项。14、Ms Griffin,what should we do_stupid mistakes in the coming exams?Be more careful.Aavoid makeBavoiding making Cavoid makingDto avoid making 答案：D 考查非谓语动词。句意：Griffin 老师，我们应该做些什么来避免在即将到来的考试中犯愚蠢的错误呢？更加谨慎。分析句子可知已有谓语动词 should do，avoid 作非谓语，根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，avoid 后接动名词作宾语，故选 D。15、Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are truly struggling._ simply satisfying a material need,he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.AWithoutBBeyondCUponDAmong 答案：C 考查介词词义辨析。句意：普鲁伊特试图把他的捐款给那些真正陷入困境的家庭。在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理他们自己的自行车的机会。A.Without 没有；B.Beyond 超过、超出；C.Upon 在上；D.Among 在中间。结合后文“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词 upon。故选 C。16、My friend Martin is very sick with a strange fever;_,he can neither eat nor sleep.Aas a resultBafter allChoweverDotherwise 答案：A 考查短语和副词辨析。句意：我的朋友 Martin 由于奇怪的发烧而病得很厉害；因此，他既不能吃也不能睡。A.as a result 因此；B.after all 毕竟；C.however 然而；D.otherwise 否则。分析句子可知，分号前后两句之间存在因果关系，“as a result 因此”符合句意。故选 A。17、Our government tries to do everything they can_ people live a better life.Ato helpBhelpChelpingDhelped 5 答案：A 考查不定式。句意：我们的政府尽一切努力帮助人们过上更好的生活。结合句意，分析句子可知，“help people live a better life”是“do everything they can”的目的，用不定式表目的，因此空格处是 to help，故选 A项。18、_ the housing price,several effective measures have been adopted by the government in the past few years.ALoweringBLoweredCHaving loweredDTo lower 答案：D 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了降低房价，在过去的几年中，政府采取了一些有效的措施。空处应用非谓语动词作状语，结合句意表示目的，应用不定式。故选 D。19、The branch of olive is the _ of peace.AsymbolBsignCsignalDmark 答案：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：橄榄枝是和平的象征。A.symbol 象征；B.sign 招牌，迹象；C.signal 信号；D.mark符号，记号。结合常识可知，橄榄枝是和平的象征，symbol 符合题意。故选 A。20、Since last month,George,along with some of his former classmates,_ to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.Ahas been desiringBdesired Chad desiredDhave desired 答案：A 考查动词时态。句意：自上月以来，乔治就和他以前的同班同学一直希望在今年暑假举办一个毕业 20 年的同学聚会。根据时间状语 since last month，可知谓语动词应用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时，且这个想法是一直存在的，还可能继续下去，故可用现在完成进行时，其结构为：助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词。再结合选项，因主语为 George，第三人称单数，主谓语法一致，应用 has been desiring。故选 A 项。完成句子 21、To eat out was also a social activity,allowing me to _ the relationship _ my friends.外出吃饭也是一种社交活动，让我可以加强我和朋友们的关系。答案：enhance with 考查非谓语动词，介词搭配。根据所给句子及句意可知，“加强”可使用英文“enhance”，表示“和；与”使用介词6 with，且动词短语“allow sb.to do”意为“允许某人做某事”，所以不定式后面使用动词原形 enhance。故填enhance；with。22、I _ to a famous university.我很想上一所名牌大学。答案：desire to go 考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：我很想上一所名牌大学。desire to do sth.为固定用法，意为“想要做某事”，go to university 意为“上大学”。此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语是 I，谓语动词使用原形 desire，to go为动词不定式作宾语。故填 desire to go。23、They decided to _ in spite of the weather.他们决定不管天气好坏都继续。答案：carry on 考查动词短语。表示“继续”可用动词短语 carry on，decide to do sth“决定干某事”是动词习惯用法，不定式作宾语，不定式符号 to 后接动词原形。故填 carry on。24、这项活动邀请顶尖的图书设计师做裁判来挑选设计得最漂亮的图书。The event invites top book designers as judges _ the most beautifully designed books.答案：to select 考查固定短语和动词。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“invite sb.to do sth.”，意为“邀请某人做某事”，“select”意为“挑选”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to select”。故填 to select。25、即使你似乎无法理解这首诗的真正含义，但是你总是可以说说这首诗在朗读时听上去如何。Even if its true meaning appears to be _ _ _,you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.答案：beyond your grasp 考查介词短语。根据句意，空处应填“无法理解”，可用短语 beyond ones grasp 表示“为某人所不理解”，结合语意，应用形容词性物主代词 your 表示“你的”。故填 beyond your grasp。26、考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。_ Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to _.However,this is _.答案：Considering enjoy a comfortable life far from the case 7 考查非谓语和固定短语。根据句意可知，考虑到“consider”与其逻辑主语 one 是主动关系，所以空应用“considering”，动名词短语作主语；享受闲适的生活“enjoy a comfortable life”，在句中与空前的 to 构成不定式作目的状语；远非如此“far from the case”为固定搭配，在此作句子的表语。故填 Considering；enjoy a comfortable life；far from the case。27、在做演讲的时候，她尽力让别人听懂她的话。She tried to_ while giving her talk.答案：make herself understood/make others understand her words 考查动词短语。中英文对比可知英文句子中缺少“让别人听懂她的话”，“理解”使用动词 understand，可以使用短语“make oneself+过去分词”的结构表示，即 make herself understood“使得她自己被理解”，过去分词作宾语补足语；也可以用主动关系 make sb.do“让某人做某事”，即 make others understand her words。放在动词不定式符号to 后，make 使用动词原形即可。故填 make herself understood/make others understand her words。28、飞船上的六位宇航员将在太空度过 10 天的时间。The six astronauts_ _will spend ten days in space.答案：on board 考查介词短语。介词短语 on board(在宇宙飞船上)作后置定语，修饰名词 astronauts。故填on board。29、He lifted a rock only _.他搬起石头结果砸到了自己的脚。答案：to drop it on his own feet 考查非谓语动词。only to do sth.意为“结果”，表示一种出乎意料的结果，表示“砸在自己的脚上”为drop it on ones own feet。故填 to drop it on his own feet。30、所有的学生都选举汤姆作为我们班的班长。All the students _ of our class.答案：elected Tom(as/to be)monitor 考查动词短语和时态。elect sb.(as/to be)，是固定短语，意为“选举某人为”，故表达“选举汤姆为班长”应表达为 elect Tom(as/to be)monitor，结合语意可知，此处应用一般过去时，故空处应填elected Tom(as/to be)monitor。故填 elected Tom(as/to be)monitor。语法填空 31、The authors intention remains as _(mystery)as his name;he may have been simply taking notes for his own r8 ecords.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：mysterious 考查形容词及其原级。句意：作者的意图仍然像他的名字一样神秘；他可能只是在为自己的记录做笔记。asas.“和一样”，两个 as 之间用形容词或副词原级，句中 remain 为连系动词所以此处要用形容词。所给词 mystery 的形容词为 mysterious，故填 mysterious。32、Peter said he would treat me to a film,but with lots of homework _(do),I refused his offer.（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：to do 考查非谓语动词。句意：彼得说要请我看电影，但是有许多作业要做，我拒绝了他的提议。分析句子结构可知，with lots of homework _(do)为 with 复合结构，所以空格处应用非谓语动词作宾补。结合句意，作业是将要做的，故用不定式表将来，且 to do 的逻辑主语为并 but 连接并列句的主语 I，故用主动形式。故填 to do。33、My father is _(determine)to announce the news of his retirement to his colleagues.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：determined 考查形容词。句意：我父亲决心向同事们宣布他退休的消息。此处作表语，应用形容词 determined。故填determined。34、Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of _(limit)resources.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：limited 考查形容词。句意：对新技术影响的误判会导致有限资源的浪费。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作定语修饰名词 resources，结合语意可知，此处意为“有限的”，故空处应填 limited。故填 limited。35、Do the following _(ensure)the safe operation of your smoke detector.（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：to ensure 考查非谓语动词。句意：为确保烟雾探测器的安全操作，应采取以下措施。动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填 to ensure。36、He hates when I call him at work.Hes always too busy _(carry)on a conversation with me.（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：to carry 考查非谓语动词。句意：他讨厌我上班时给他打电话。他总是太忙，没有时间和我进行交谈。too+形容词+to do9 结构意为“太而不能做某事”，空处应用动词不定式形式。故填 to carry。37、I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had a train _（catch）.（用单词适当形式填空）答案：to catch 考查动词不定式。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。本句已有谓语 was watching 且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，用动词不定式（to do）表目的修饰名词 a train，作名词的后置定语。故填 to catch。38、Children should be made _(grasp)the importance of saving water.（所给词的适当形式填空）答案：to grasp 考查非谓语动词。句意：应该使孩子们认识到节约用水的重要性。make 是使役动词，意为“让，使；强迫”，后面跟省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但是，在变为被动语态时，要把 to 还原，即 be made to do sth。故填to grasp。39、It is up to his parents,rather than him,_(determine)which school to attend.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：to determine 考查非谓语动词。句意：应该由他的父母而不是他来决定上哪所学校。It is up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定做某事，根据句意，故填 to determine。40、_(expand)its business,the hotel has decided to get decorated.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案：To expand 考查动词不定式。句意：为了扩大业务，这家旅馆决定装修一下。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填 To expand。