1、1 (每日一练每日一练)2022)2022 届高中英语虚拟语气知识点汇总届高中英语虚拟语气知识点汇总 单选题 1、The government required that every effort _to bring down house prices.Ashould makeBwould be madeCbe madeDmust be made 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:政府紧急督促要尽一切努力降低房价。此处 require 后宾语从句用 should+动词原形形式,should 被省略;宾语从句还是 make every effort to do sth 被动形式。故选 C。小提
2、示:后接虚拟语气的常见词 1)在 insist,order,command,suggest,propose,advise,desire,demand,require,request,order,prefer,propose,recommend 等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the
3、south for her holiday.2)类似用法的还有 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory,proper 等形容词;decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:It was appropriat
4、e that this tax be abolished.2 Their decision was that the school remain closed.3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。2、Your little brother is watering the flowers!Why?Well,Im not feeling very well todayotherwise I _ it myself.AdidBwould be doingChad doneDwould have done 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:你的小弟
5、弟正在浇花!为什么?嗯,我今天感觉不太好,否则我就自己做了。此处 otherwise“否则,要不然的话”,与现在的事实相反,谓语动词应该用 would+动词原形,且强调动作的进行,用过去将来进行时态,故选 B。小提示:If 引导的虚拟语气:1).表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)2).表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句:If+主语+had+done 主句:主语
6、+should/would/might/could+have done:If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了)3).表示与将来事实相反 从句:if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性
7、很小,不可能)3、As many as 150 people died in the explosion.If only the owners _ enough attention to the safety measures!3 ApaidBshould pay Cwould payDhad paid 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:多达 150 人在爆炸中丧生。要是业主对安全措施给予足够的重视就好了!根据句意可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的情况,应使用过去完成时。故 D 选项正确。小提示:If only:常常用来表示强烈的愿望,使用虚拟语气时和 wish 类似,表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件
8、不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式也与 wish 相同。1).表示与将来情况不同:if only 从句主语would(could,might)+动词原形 eg:If only she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。2).表示与现在情况不同:if only从句主语动词过去式 eg:If only I wasnt going to London.我希望我没去过伦敦。3).表达与过去情况不同:if only从句主语would/could have/had过去分词 eg:If only you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
9、以上就是 if only 的三种用法,if only 的用法与 wish 基本相似。4、I cant thank you more,Tony.But for your timely warning,I into great trouble yesterday.Ahad gotBgotCwould have gotDwould get 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我特别感谢你,要不是你及时的提醒,我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气,根据 but for sth,主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟);but for sth,主句+would(not)+4
10、have done(表示对过去的虚拟)。根据主句中 yesterday 可知是对过去的虚拟,故选 C。5、These achievements _ without the contribution of Luo Yang,the chief commander of Chinas fighter jet J-15(歼 15 项目负责人).Awould have been achievedBwould not achieved Cwould not have been achievedDwould not be achieved 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有中国歼-15 战斗机项
11、目负责人罗阳的贡献,这些成就是不可能实现的。根据without 可知,此处是个含蓄条件句,表示对过去情况的虚拟用 would have done,主语 These achievements 和achieve 之间是被动关系,且表示否定意义,用 would not have been done 符合题意。故选 C。6、The officer command that the wounded _ to hospital as soon as possible.Awould be sentBshould be sentCneed to sendDshould send 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气和
12、被动语态。句意:军官命令伤员应该尽快被送往医院。command“命令”接宾语从句,宾语从句需使用虚拟语气:主语+(should)+动词原形,本句中主语 the wounded 与谓语 send 为被动关系。故选 B 项。7、The teacher demand that the words she _ put in use in one logical sentence.Areferring toBreferred to beCreferred toDreferring to be 答案:B 解析:考查时态和被动语态。句意:老师要求把她提到的词用在一个合乎逻辑的句子里。此处为定语从句修饰先行词
13、words,先行词在从句中作宾语,故可省略关系词,从句描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时,故应用 referred 5 to;demand 表示“要求”时,后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should)+原形动词,should可省略,word 与 put 构成被动关系,应用被动语态(should)be put。故选 B。8、She is probably better off fainting.She _ the pain if she _ conscious.Acouldnt standwereBcannot standwill be Ccouldnt have stoodha
14、d beenDcannot have stoodis 答案:A 解析:考查 if 虚拟语气的用法。句意:她最好还是晕过去。如果她神志清醒,她就无法忍受疼痛。根据第一句可知时态是一般现在时,故 if 表示与现在事实相反的假设。对现在事实相反的假设,从句:did/were,主句:would/could/might do。故选 A。小提示:本句考查 if 对现在事实相反的假设。if 在虚拟语气三种情况:(1)对过去事实相反:从句 had done,主句would/could/might+have done(2)对现在事实相反:从句 did/were,主句 would/could/might+do(3
15、)对将来事实相反:从句 should do/were to do/did,主句 would/could/might+do。9、But for the fact that he _ the truth,he _ for a weeks imprisonment.Adidnt know;would be punishedBhadnt known;might have punished Cdidnt know;would have been punishedDhadnt known;could be punished 答案:C 解析:考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:要不是因为他不知道真相,他会受到一周监禁
16、的惩罚。分析句子可知,他不知道真相是过去的事实,因此需使用一般过去时。“that he the truth”是 fact 的同位语。根据 but for可知,整句话是对过去的虚拟,因此需使用 would/could/might/should+have done 的形式。根据句意,“他受到惩罚”应使用被动语态。故选 C。6 10、Marys description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.Awould beBmight have been Cwould have beenDhad been 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语
17、气。句意:玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动,以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。根据句意及句中 felt 可知,此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况,应使用过去完成时。故 D 选项正确。小提示:as if 的两种用法:1).as if 从句用陈述语气,我这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。即你所表达的句子是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。设想语境:比方说你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声,表达如下:It sounds as if it is raining 听起来像是在下雨。2).as if 从句用虚拟语气,当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had过去分词”。(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“wouldcouldmight动词原形