1、1 (每日一练每日一练)2022)2022 届高中英语虚拟语气高频考点知识梳理届高中英语虚拟语气高频考点知识梳理 单选题 1、Tom had his hands full yesterday,otherwise he _ your graduation ceremony.Awill attendBhad been attended Cwould attendDwould have attended 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:汤姆昨天一天都很忙,否则他就去参加你的毕业典礼了。without,otherwise,but for 引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条
2、件从句表示出来,而是暗含在上下文中,通过介词短语来表示。使用到这些词组的句子中,虚拟语气的用法一般是:对现在的虚拟:would+do;对过去的虚拟:would(not)+have done。根据句意,这句话是对昨天的情况的虚拟,故选 D。小提示:otherwise 表示“否则”“要不然”时,其后的句子是否用虚拟语气,与句子所表达的意思有关。由于“否则”“要不然”的意思就是“如果不就”,它隐含一种条件在里面,所以,如果根据句意,其中的“条件”是真实的,就用陈述语气;如果其中的“条件”是不真实的,就用虚拟语气。在本题中,根据句意是对昨天的情况的假设,与昨天的实际情况并不相符合,所以应使用虚拟语气。
3、同学们在解题时要注意区分这两种情况。2、It is suggested that the bridge _.Ashould rebuiltBshould be rebuilt Cwould be rebuiltDwould rebuilt 答案:B 2 解析:考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:有人建议这座桥应该被重建。It is suggested that 这个句型中,that 从句应该使用should+动词原形,should 可以被省略的虚拟语气。“桥”和“重建”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选 B。3、What do you think of the newly-released film Ca
4、pernaum?It touched my heart deeply.But for your recommendation I _ it.Ahad missedBwould missCwould have missedDmust have missed 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:-你觉得新上映的电影迦百农怎么样?-它深深地触动了我的心。要不是你的推荐,我就错过了。虚拟语气有时假设的情况并不是以 if 引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有 with,without,but for,otherwise,or,even,in case of,wh
5、at if(如果将如何)等等,这种句子往往有主句而无从句。但是可以转化成 if 引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知,本句可以转化成是 if 引导的虚拟条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为:If I had not had your recommendation,主句为:I would have missed it。故 C 选项正确。小提示:if 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere)would/cou
6、ld/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere);should do;were to do would/could/might/should do 有时假设的情况并不是以 if 引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有 with,without,but for,otherwise,or,even,in case of,what if(如果将如何)等等,这种句子往往有主句而无从句(考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成 if 引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知,本句可以转化成是 if 引导的虚拟条件句,表示与过去事实相反的
7、假设。从句为:If I had not had your recommendation,主句为:3 I would have missed it。故 C 选项正确。4、_ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.AIf it is notBWereCHad it not beenDIf they were not 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有那些免费的票,我不会去影院这么频繁。这是一个虚拟语气的句子,与过去事实相反,从句用“had+过去分词”,主句用“would+have+过去分词”。在虚
8、拟语气的句子里,有时可以省略从句中的 if,把动词 be,助动词 had 等放在句首。故选 C。5、President Xi Jinping demanded the environmental problems _paid special attention to.Areferred to beBreferred to being Crefer to beingDrefer to be 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意:习近平主席要求特别关注被提到的环境问题。此处 problems 和 refer to 之间是一种被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语;动词 demand 后面的宾语从
9、句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should 可以省略,且 problems 和 pay 之间是一种被动关系。故选 A。6、I think it_that she should be knowledgeable about Music for her present job.AurgentBnormalCessentialDgifted 答案:C 解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:我认为她对音乐的了解对她目前的工作是必要的。A.urgent 紧急的;B.normal 普通的;C.essential 基本的、必要的;D.gifted 有天赋的。根据句意以及后接宾语从句为虚拟语气的只有
10、 essential,故4 选 C。7、They both look as if they _ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.AareBwereChave beenDhad been 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:他们俩谈心之后,看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境,as if 引导的表语从句用虚拟语气,根据主句谓语动词 look 可知,是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选 B。8、This printer is of good quality.If it _ break down within the first year,we _ r
11、epair it at our expense.Ashall;willBmust;shouldCshould;wouldDcan;shall 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:这台打印机质量很好。如果第一年内使用坏了,我们付费保修。此处为 if 引导的条件句,与将来事实相反,表示与将来事实相反的情况有三种表达方式:过去式,was/were to+动词原形,should+动词原形,主句谓语用 should(would,could,might)+动词,结合选项可知选 C。小提示:if 引导的虚拟语气 一、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were)
12、,主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如:If you took a taxi,youd get there quicker.如果你坐出租车去,你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her up.要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)二、与过去事实相反 5 若与过去事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+have+过去分词”。如:If Id left sooner,Id have
13、 been on time.要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了)三、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如:If he went,would you go too?如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去)If I asked him,Im sure hed help us.如果我向他
14、提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)注意与说明:对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:一是这里说的与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测;二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设);9、Oh,dear.Im really very busy now.Would you rather that I to you about my experience at school?Ashouldnt speakBdidnt speakCdont speakDwont
15、speak 答案:B 解析:考查固定句式。句意:哦,亲爱的。我现在真的很忙。你宁愿我不告诉你我在学校的经历吗?固定句式:would rather that 主语+一般过去时态+-(指现在或将来的情况);would rather that 主语+过去完成时态(指过去的事情)。故答案为 B。10、Its high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet.6 Awill fightBfoughtCwould fightDfight 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:是我们反对在互联网上传播虚假信息的时候了。考查句式:It is high time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用 should 加动词原形,但 should 不可省略。fight against 对抗;反对;与作斗争,fight 的过去式是 fought。故选 B。