1、1 (每日一练每日一练)人教版人教版 20222022 年高中英语虚拟语气知识点题库年高中英语虚拟语气知识点题库 单选题 1、John did not feel well yesterday;otherwise he _to see his classmates off.AcameBwould comeCwould have comeDshould be coming 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:约翰昨天感到不舒服;否则,他就会去机场给朋友送行了。表示同过去事实相反时,otherwise 后的句子的谓语部分应用“would have done”形式。Otherwise 相当于 if h
2、e had felt well,是隐含的虚拟语气,从句用 would have done 表示和过去相反的虚拟语气。故选 C 项。小提示:考查虚拟语气要注意隐含的虚拟语气,如 otherwise,without,but for 等,还要注意主从句的时间不一致时,要区别对待。2、President Xi Jinping demanded the environmental problems _paid special attention to.Areferred to beBreferred to being Crefer to beingDrefer to be 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词
3、和虚拟语气。句意:习近平主席要求特别关注被提到的环境问题。此处 problems 和 refer to 之间是一种被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语;动词 demand 后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用2 should+动词原形,should 可以省略,且 problems 和 pay 之间是一种被动关系。故选 A。3、All the facts in Californias record-breaking heatwave suggest that the wildfires to the brutally hot temperature,so its suggested that peo
4、ple with health problem carefully.Awere linked;are taken care ofBbe linked;be taken care of Cshould be linked;are attended toDwere linked;be attended to 答案:D 解析:考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:加州破纪录的热浪中,所有的事实都表明,野火与残酷的高温有关,所以建议有健康问题的人慎重对待。第一空中 suggest 表示“表明”,后跟宾语从句不用虚拟语气,且从句中描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时,主语为复数名词,谓语动词应用复数,故排除 B 选项和
5、 C 选项;第二空 suggest 表示“建议”,后跟宾语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语应用(should)+动词原形,故排除 A 选项。故选 D。4、This printer is of good quality.If it _ break down within the first year,we _ repair it at our expense.Ashall;willBmust;shouldCshould;wouldDcan;shall 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:这台打印机质量很好。如果第一年内使用坏了,我们付费保修。此处为 if 引导的条件句,与将来事实相反,表示与将来事实相反的
6、情况有三种表达方式:过去式,was/were to+动词原形,should+动词原形,主句谓语用 should(would,could,might)+动词,结合选项可知选 C。小提示:if 引导的虚拟语气 一、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如:3 If you took a taxi,youd get there quicker.如果你坐出租车去,你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her u
7、p.要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)二、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+have+过去分词”。如:If Id left sooner,Id have been on time.要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了)三、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,
8、条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were),主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如:If he went,would you go too?如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去)If I asked him,Im sure hed help us.如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)注意与说明:对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:一是这里说的与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测;二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示
9、与将来事实相反的假设);5、We the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.Awere enjoyingBwould have enjoyed Cwould be enjoyingDwill enjoy 答案:C 解析:4 考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是我们耽搁了航班我们现在就在三亚享受阳光了。根据后面 if it were not for可知此处是对现在状况的虚拟,根据 now 以及 if 的虚拟语气可知,故主句用 would be doing。选 C。6、-What happened to the
10、young trees we planted last week?-The trees_ well,but I didnt water them.Amight growBneednt have grown Cwould growDwould have grown 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我们上周种的树苗,发生了什么事情?树苗本来可以长得很好,但是我没有给它们浇水。与过去事实相反的假设,主句:主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他,故选 D。小提示:用在一般虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气:表示与现在、过去、将来事实相反的假设 1)与现在事实相反的假设。其句
11、子结构为:从句:if+主语+动词的过去式(be 变 were)+其他 主句:主语+would(should,could,might)+动词原形+其他 例:If I were you,I would go with him.2)与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他 主句:主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他。例:If you had studied harder last term,you 5 could have passed exam.3)表示对将来事实实现的可能性不大的假设。其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+should
12、(were to)+动词原形+其他 主句:主语+would(could,should,might)+动词原形 例:If he were to go tomorrow,he might tell you.7、Leading politicians in the U.S.have sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences urging that it _ actions that could be taken by state and local governments and universities _ national
13、 excellence in humanities and social scientific education”.Ato identify;maintainingBidentifies;to maintain Cidentify;to maintainDwill identify;maintaining 答案:C 解析:考查谓语动词、虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意:美国的主要政治家已致信美国艺术与科学学院,敦促其确定州、地方政府和大学可以采取的行动,以保持国家在人文和社会科学教育方面的卓越。”第一空涉及一个 urge 引导的宾语从句,表示“敦促”,从句的谓语需要用“should 加上一般现在时
14、”,其中 should 还可以省略,所以填identify。第二空涉及一个非谓语动词的选择,该句谓语为 identify,且根据句意,此空表目的,所以应用maintain 的不定式 to maintain。故选 C 项。8、The old professor insisted that the problem requiring paying attention to .Awas discussedBwould be discussed Cbe discussedDbeing discussed 答案:C 解析:6 考查虚拟语气。句意:老教授坚持要讨论那个需要注意的问题。insist 表示“坚
15、持要求”时,其后的宾语从句要用should do 的虚拟语气,其中 should 可以省略,其 discuss 与主语 problem 是被动关系,故 C 项正确。小提示:在表示建议、坚持、要求、命令等词后的宾语从句中,要用 should do 的虚拟语气,本题中,requiring paying attention to 作后置定语修饰 the problem,所以 to 后不用动名词作宾语。9、I recommend that he _ a lawyer.AseesBseeCto seeDseeing 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我建议他去找个律师。recommend 表示“建议”时,所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should)+原形动词,should 可省略。故选 B。10、If I _ to study,I couldnt have passed the exam.Ahadnt stayed upBdidnt stay upChavent stayed upDshouldnt stay up 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:如果我没有熬夜学习,我就不能通过这次考试了。分析句意可知,本句使用的是 if 引导的虚拟条件句,表示与过去的事实相反,使用过去完成时,故选择 A 项。