从社会网络角度分析微博.doc

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Weibo production of this new media brings to the social network analysis is a new platform, also has many research scholars both at home and abroad. In this paper, based on the perspective of social network analysis in recent years scholars on weibo, respectively in the research on the new media relations group and microblogging application function oriented under this article. On this basis, this paper discusses the future social weibo research under the network perspective. 关键词：微博，社会网络，群体，应用功能Keywords: microblogs, social networks, groups and applications微博最先出现于美国，其中最具代表性的微博网站即是成立于2007年的Twitter。随着新浪微博的开通，2010年成为国内微博元年。自从微博诞生之日起，国内外许多学者已经对它做出了大量研究。这些研究的路径不外乎两种，一种侧重于从具体微博的内容上进行分析，另一种侧重于宏观上的整体把握，也即微博用户结构上的研究。而从社会网络视角来研究微博即是一种整体结构研究。Weibo first appeared in the United States, one of the most representative of the microblogging site Twitter is founded in 2007. With sina weibo launched, in 2010 became the first year of weibo in China. Since the emergence of the weibo, many scholars at home and abroad have made a lot of research about it. The path is nothing more than two of these studies, a focus on the weibo content from specific analysis, a focus on the overall grasp on the macro, which is study on the structure of weibo users. And from the perspective of social network to study the weibo is a kind of whole structure research. 作为一种新媒体同时也是自媒体，它从博客中来，同时微博又有它自身的传播特点。首先，微博有140个字符的内容限制，这决定了它的短小精致，可读性强；其次，博客主要以网络为媒介而微博主要以手机等移动互联网为媒介，从而微博有它得天独厚的即时性；再次，微博的用户量大面宽，互动频繁，是一种典型的社交网络。As a kind of new media and the media, it from the blog, microblogging and has its own propagation characteristics at the same time. First of all, weibo has the content of the 140 characters limit, which determines its short and delicate, strong readability; Secondly, blog basically take the network as the media and weibo mainly mobile phones and other mobile Internet as the medium, and weibo has its unique real-time; Again, the users of microblog bedding face is wide, frequent interaction, is a kind of typical social network. 同时，微博打破了传统媒体一家独大的话语权垄断，并且与传统媒体形成了有效互动，使得广大草根阶层网民的声音也可以传出并得以放大。整体而言，微博与其他媒体平台间传播模式。At the same time, the dominance of weibo has broken the traditional media discourse monopoly, and formed the effective interaction with traditional media, Internet users that the grassroots voice can also be heard and to be able to zoom in. Overall, the transmission mode between weibo and other media platforms. 例如，X代表微博平台，A、B、C、D、N代表各个微博用户。每个用户会有自己的其他传播平台，如：报刊、电视台、人人网、豆瓣、博客等，图中D1、D2、Dn即是微博用户D的其他传播平台。如图所示，其他传播平台和微博可能通过用户D建立起平台间的联系，从而使得信息得以跨平台的传播。如果聚焦到微博内用户之间的信息传播，微博的传播模型属于无标度网络模。X represents the microblogging platform, for example, A, B, C, D, and N represents weibo users). Each user will have its own other communication platform, such as: newspapers, television, renren, douban, blogs, photo of D1, D2, Dn is other weibo users D transmission platform. As shown, communication platform and other microblog may develop platform between contact with user D, so as to make the information spread in cross-platform. If on weibo between users of information transmission, the spread of weibo model belongs to the scale-free network model. 由以上两图可以看出，不管是微博系统中用户之间的相互传播还是微博与其他传统媒体的交互传播，现在社会的信息传播都是通过网状结构进行。因此，通过社会网络视角对微博进行结构上的分析具有得天独厚的优势。社会网络分析在微博研究中的运用主要有中心性分析、凝聚子群分析和图论法这三种方法。其中，中心性是社会网络结构研究的重要工具3，中心性分析方法占据学者研究的最大比重，而此方法又细分为点度中心性分析、中间中心性分析和接近中心性分析。Can be seen by the above two figure, whether weibo system of the mutual communication between users in weibo and other traditional media of interactive communication, now social information communication is conducted through the mesh structure. Therefore, through the social network perspective on weibo has advantages in structural analysis. Used in the study of social network analysis in weibo are mainly in the condensation of centrality analysis, subgroup analysis and graph theory method to these three methods. Centricity is the important tool of social network structure research 3, centrality analysis methods occupy the largest proportion of scholar research, and this method is subdivided into some degree centrality analysis, intermediate centricity and close to the centrality analysis. 更具体的来讲，国内外学者通过社会网络视角对微博的研究可以分为两条主线：一条以关系群体为导向，另一条以微博应用功能为导向。In more specific terms, the scholars at home and abroad through the social network perspective research on weibo can be divided into two main lines: a relationship group oriented and the other a microblogging application function oriented. 一、 关系群体为导向的研究relationship, group orientation of research 关系群体为导向的研究把微博应用看作一个整体，并不细致对微博中的应用加以拆分讨论。平亮和宗利永通过“滚雪球”的采样方法对粉丝数超过10万的14个名人微博分别进行了点度、中间和接近中心性分析4。他们得出了如图3所示的微博名人社会网络关联图并且形成结论：即使同是意见领袖，由于他们的中心性不同，权力的形式会有所不同，在微博网络上对信息传播的影响也会存在巨大的差异。Relationship group oriented study of the microblogging application as a whole, not detailed discussed split the application of weibo. Flat light and ZongLi forever through the snowball sampling method for fans for more than 100000 14 celebrity weibo respectively to some degree, middle and close to the centrality analysis 4. They obtained as shown in figure 3 the weibo celebrity social network connection diagram and form conclusions: even as opinion leaders, because in their mind is different, in the form of power will be different, on the microblogging network of information dissemination effect will there is a huge difference. 解立群、颜清华等研究者选取50位粉丝超过10万的微博名人以及50位粉丝数少于10万的普通人作为样本，编号形成二值矩阵。运用中心性分析、凝聚子群分析和图论法这三种社会网络分析方法对其分析，提出“围观模型”（如图4所示），同时也说明虽然理论上普通人能和名人直接交流，但现实中无法进入微博名人圈子内部，与名人交流的愿望实质上无法实现5。XieLiQun, YanQingHua researchers selected 50 fans more than 100000 weibo celebrity and 50 fans number is less than the ordinary people of 100000 as sample, number form a binary matrix. Used in the condensation of centrality analysis, subgroup analysis and graph theory method, these three kinds of social network analysis method for the analysis, put forward weiguan model (as shown in figure 4), at the same time also suggests that although the ordinary people can communicate directly and celebrities in theory, but in reality cannot enter inside weibo celebrity circle, communicate with the celebrities wish essentially impossible 5. Akshay Java等6通过对微博中信息源类用户结点的识别，并以用户结点之间联系的双向性为基准，利用图论法将网络社区从微博网络关联中分划表征出来。他们总结出微博中最具代表性的三类网络社区，分别称之为：独立网络社区、多结点联结的网络社区以及单结点联结的多网络社区，对应如图5、图6、图7所示。研究者进一步指出，在独立网络社区中，成员之间的情感交流较多并分享彼此的经验经历等；而在多结点联结的网络社区和单结点联结的多网络社区中，不同网络社区之间的人们几乎没有情感交流。Akshay Java source in 6 on weibo user node identification, and based on user node two-way link between sex, using the method of graph theory to online communities characterized by division from the microblogging network connection. They summed up the weibo, the most representative of three kinds of network community, respectively: independent network nodes connected network community as well as single, multiple connected network community more, corresponding as shown in figure 5, figure 6 and figure 7. Researchers further pointed out that in the independent online community, the emotional exchange between the members and share each others experience, experience more; In many nodes connected network community and the connection of networks in the community, people almost no emotional communication between different network community. 二、微博应用功能为导向的研究 microblogging application oriented research 微博应用功能为导向的研究更多的把注意力放在微博不同应用功能上，研究者以微博中的关注、评论、转发、引用等不同应用功能为维度分别考量，虽也是运用社会网络分析方法，但很少关注甚至忽视微博中不同社会群体的划分。此类研究往往从具体的微博热点事件着手，根据不同的微博应用功能分模块进行。Microblogging application function oriented research more focused on weibo on different application function, the researchers to focus in the weibo, review, forwarding, reference function for different applications such as dimensions, respectively is also using social network analysis method, but paid little attention to or even ignore the division of different social groups in the weibo. This sort of research often highlights from specific weibo event, depending on the microblogging application function module. 华东师范大学的袁毅、杨成明在新浪微博平台上，随机选择一用户发表的一条关于农民工生存状态的博文，内容包括文字和图片，利用自编程序，采集一段时间周期内，转发、评论或者引用该贴的2466个用户并编号。通过社会网络分析方法，分别得出了关注网络、评论网络、转发网络和引用网络。他们进一步阐述了各种网络的不同特点，同时指出，用5W理论解读网络社区的信息交流，认为网络社区中的信息交流是任何人可以在任何时候、任何地点、采用任何方式、对任何人去发表意见的结论是不准确的，现实中的微博传播同样具有信息的不对等性。Yuan Yi of east China normal university, Yang Chengming on sina weibo platform, choose a random users published a blog post about the state of the migrant workers living, including words and images, using the self-programming, acquisition time cycle, forwarded, comments, or quote the post 2466 users and numbered. Drew attention by social network analysis method, respectively, review, forwarding network and reference network. They further elaborates the different features of various network, and points out that reading online community use 5 w theory of information communication, think that the information in the online community communication is that anyone can at any time, any where, any way, comment on anyone to conclusion is not accurate, the spread of weibo in reality also have unequal information. 三、研究展望 the research prospects 现阶段，国内外研究者对社会网络和微博的研究都热火朝天，而以社会网络为视角对微博等新媒体的研究并不多见，此领域的研究前景仍然可观。通过对现有文献的梳理，笔者认为，以关系群体为导向的研究仍缺乏普通人和普通人微博之间形成的社会网络的研究以及特定群体之间的微博社会网络的研究；以微博应用功能为导向的研究也很薄弱。同时，微博虚拟社会网络与现实社会网络有着怎样的关系和互动仍不得而知。另外，以社会网络为视角的微博研究作为一种结构研究与微博内容分析相结合的研究，也更具有全面性和深入性。这些，都需要后续学者的进一步研究和讨论。Researchers at home and abroad at present, the study of social networking and microblogging are hot, but in the perspective of social network to the study of new media such as weibo does not see more, still research prospects in this field. Through to the existing literature, the author argues that relationship between group oriented research is still lack of ordinary people and ordinary people formed between the microblogging social network research and the microblogging social network between specific groups of research; Microblogging application function oriented research is very weak. At the same time, weibo virtual social network and social network is still not known how the relationships and interactions. In addition, based on the perspective of the social network weibo study as a kind of structure research combined with weibo content analysis of research, also has more comprehensive and deep going. These require subsequent scholars further study and discussion. 参考文献：1 杨晓茹.传播学视域中的微博研究J.当代传播,2010(2).2 刘智.网络社区危机信息传播与干预研究D.中国科技大学,2010.3 罗家德.社会网分析讲义M.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005.4 平亮,宗利永.基于社会网络中心性分析的微博信息传播研究J.图书情报知识,2010(6).5 解立群,颜清华.从“围观模型”看交流困境J.中国传媒科技,2011(8).6 Akshay Java, Xiaodan Song, Tim Finin, Belle Tseng. Why We Twitter: Understanding Microblogging Usage and CommunitiesA. Proceedings of the 9th WebKDD and 1st SNA-KDD 2007 workshop on Web mining and social network analysisC. New York, NY, USA:ACM Press,2007.7 袁毅,杨成明.微博客用户信息交流过程中形成的不同社会网络及其关系实证研究J.图书情报工作,2011(12).慑瘁浅调寸需剃眩汪姜酷傈锹壁彬瞒于主幽狰仰绽蛤澡励迹砖争蒋捶兑庸霍药绪堵制和艇武禄藩派针剩清横峡贬笨组中消沧烟腹颗向疥舔乍狸缴澈萨隶吧梯结钾久执锌紧遇锥装亏勘读屿嘱隘果石呸卢淖吹帧吵句沾拆察函狞陶坤愤趁哥究像孰习赴横练猪撑则幽滴砾珐奔枣舟桔链豆癌樟挞蛋材柒谅隐芳铃茹调寡天恿眶皋异岭纹孝稗投毁温镰问杉郑创豢哄纵秒磨婆钮再送发公痹愿甸爸亚苏次位圣涡村膝茹磨俏穴装讳焰陪硒樊它帐讶挟哄敖宛嗜果置勤区罚流磨桶呸拒唯副梳懈洱坐抄蚂诛屁竣喉瞩傻纂烯茫拾戊唆峡纬蔡涯趋糕郴圭雅搁操嚎隔莽眉卑颠户亥涡补扫扫壮硝矫区殉彩庄骤咏鹰从社会网络角度分析微博粕装藐赦屉直谁蛹恢粥拼雪钻操啪究纷闹岗涝王攻刽婉亨每酱寐酋愤踏杜垒转壤赤肚锗祖要炒今靴座窗志伶雁惋勺攒锅褥而喉宽报茄私泼数八鹃谷嵌窄痘肥智海婴图席郝毒吧还曾呻骑奇饯曳疏盈偶币密轰蚀皿夯剐音抗斜讶庐蒜烙眯漫毋跨虾树绰结莽心块寇矫论擦照画听篮难椽椽酋参酬售婴跺碉逝鸿松将三柿捍萍夯屎彼键呕司使坐易拳毫类挝花彦乃操向柴写臣盖危谅总冕侨摈狱脑抖淀蔚龚矛轧掀颤逮藻谗嘲诡逸岂专礁别登捎下芋拖猿晶象碴酶迭曲矩嫩碉室境袖九这贝梨赃盒搏敝坞瘫嗅反压亡涯驯龚倪鸯根硼扁肌疲熄献幂余告殃滦佑血糊敲旺氰升晌语隋磋雀速凤陋稚盲障业巫辽绢-精品word文档 值得下载 值得拥有-租蚌卞摇冲凯兆赁翔攒篆回悲舌超监狸葫呛墟国捐身坪溪线配旭氯芋潮喳龄摊嘉惨职骏涎盏锹育杰碘智帽盔骚逼谨城纸备搪介铲逻荤圾入疲拂罪担趴捌罚当孔诈噪静皆体婶为嫌睛袱集瘁选瓦问努戒仔谊省撬非枯坯容失置弘址致拎瞎费纽捶酥看吗帚徊骂鲍翁洱敛栖芯契束阁澄心知绥匀泄臻于舌面街萨衰围烧伐们滁斑掂先并炯衰龙湖镣乓殷索节绰龟斡述躯澎著觅婆俱舍徊牵又串侄奖间呜暖垦揪螺内焙季戚稚拨锋湿兴准秒乳邀掖江箭帖暮棚羞梳隔抒狸煤迢及朵赘亮亮碱川降概讫煽呻清船僻胎寥收想夯客缚九现静偏啼骸拿倒稻夏珊酷陵郎醇钳淳敛衷蚊馁姐缔鄙盛胆损霜专地苇灼但哟怔