应用翻译实践-旅游翻译.ppt

Translation PracticeLecture 9 Translation of Tourism Writings 旅游翻译山东科技大学外国语学院 李庆建2015.03Contents一。旅游翻译的性质和原则二。旅游问题对比三。翻译过程与策略四。常用翻译技巧旅游翻译的性质和原则旅游翻译是对一切旅游语言文字资料的翻译，包括：景景点点介介绍绍、宣传广告、告示标牌、画册、楹联解说等。旅游资料的功能：传递信息；诱导行动英汉文化差异决定了旅游翻译应关注原文与译文间信息内容和交际功能的对等，而不是语言形式的对应，更不是展示原语语言文化的舞台。英汉旅游文体对比1.行为习惯同2.文化渊源不一英汉旅游文体对比1.行为习惯不同英语：风格简约、通俗客观（重信息准确性和语言简洁实用）汉语：华美壮丽、浓笔重彩（重文辞与韵律，追求意境，即重主观性，喜欢将个人感触写进景物描写 中国田园与山水诗学文化传统英汉旅游文体对比1.行为习惯不同比较：Rough,black rocks of lava just out of the water along parts of the coastline.In some places,cliffs rise almost straight from the waters edge.Along the gentle sloping land areas to the southeast are beaches of yellow,white and black sands.Hawaii沿锦绣谷傍绝壁悬崖修筑的石级便道游览，可谓“陆盘松顶上，穿云破雾出。天风拂衣襟，缥缈一身轻”。谷中千岩竞秀，万壑回萦；断崖天成，石林挺秀，峭壁峰壑如雄狮长啸，如猛虎跃涧，似捷猿攀登，似仙翁盘坐，栩栩如生。一路景色如锦绣画卷，令人陶醉。庐山锦绣谷英汉旅游文体对比1.行为习惯不同并非所有的汉语旅游景点介绍都用散文风格：武陵源风景名胜区位于湖南省张家界市，总面积264平方公里，由张家界国家森林公园、索溪峪和天子山等几大景区组成。主要景观为石英砂岩峰林地貌，境内共有3103座奇峰，姿态万千，蔚为壮观。加之沟壑纵横，溪涧密布，森林茂密，人迹罕至，森里覆盖率85%，植被覆盖率99%，中、高等植物3000余种，乔木树种700余种，可供观赏园林花卉多达450种，陆生脊椎动物50科116种。武陵源风景名胜区英汉旅游文体对比2.文化渊源不一英汉这种文体的不同根源在于英汉两种文化渊源的差异：包括心理、思维、审美、历史等。中华美学强调“意境”，追求客观景物与主观情感的和谐融洽、浑然一体。中国诗学历来讲究遣词造句，追求工整对仗，喜用四六骈文。（天人合一）西方哲学主张“客主分离”，强调模仿和再现，提倡“站在自然之外”去欣赏自然美景。故而行文客观简约。（天人各一）翻译过程与策略1.理解原文实质2.弄清原文内涵3.发挥译语优势翻译过程与策略1.理解原文实质跳出原文字句之形，抓住作者交际意图和语用用意，免落词句对应俗套。（译意，非译句）这里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形态各异，有的似玉柱神鞭，立地顶天；有的像铜墙铁壁，巍然屹立；有的如晃板垒卵，摇摇欲坠；有的若盆景古董，剔透玲珑神奇而又真实，迷离而又实在，不是艺术创造胜似艺术创造，令人叹为观止。原译：3000 crags rise in various shapes.They are like whips or pillars propping up the sky;or huge walls,solid and sound;or immense eggs piled on an unsteady boarder;or miniature rocky or curiosFantastic but actual,dreamy but real!They are not artistic works,but more exquisite than artistic works.One can not help marveling at the acme of perfection of Natures creation.武陵源画风景画册翻译过程与策略2.弄清原文内涵汉译英不能讲汉语打断的华丽辞藻完全译出；英译汉也不能想英文那样简介平白。以译入语读者语言习惯、文化习惯、欣赏习惯为导向，抓住原文内涵，大胆改译。The hub of public life in the“Pizza San Marco”(St.Marks Square)where tourists and citizens sit on the terraces of the famous Florian and Quadri cafs to listen to the music,dream and see the mosaics of St.Marks glow under the rays of the setting sun.The Quadri is more popular but the Florian is the best-known caf:founded in 1720,it has received Byron,Goethe,Musset and Wagner within its mirrored and allegory-painted walls.改译：圣马可广场是公众的生活中心，游客和市民常坐在广场内著名的弗洛里安和夸德里咖啡店里，聆听着店内的音乐，欣赏着夕阳余晖下圣马可教堂熠熠生辉的马赛克墙面，恍然如梦。夸德里咖啡店虽名扬全城，却不及弗洛里安咖啡店声名显赫：在这家四壁明镜镶嵌壁画环绕的千年老店内，自1720年开店以来，先后接待过拜伦、歌德、缪塞和瓦格纳等一大批文化名人。原译：公众生活的中心是圣马可广场，那儿游客和市民坐在广场内著名的弗洛里安和夸德里咖啡店里聆听音乐，梦想着并观望着圣马可教堂的马赛克在落日余晖下闪烁。夸德里咖啡店众所周知，但建于1720年的弗洛里安咖啡店则更出名：在那墙上镶有镜子和画有寓言壁画的地方曾接待过拜伦、歌德、缪塞和瓦格纳等人。翻译过程与策略3.发挥译语优势旅游文本系实用文体，具有功利性和商业性特征。旅游翻译，特别是宣传性文本的翻译，要迎合读者口味，唤起美感共鸣，刺激旅游冲动，达到招揽游客的目的。（读者反映论）改译：作为洛基山脉中的小字辈，特顿山却独具魅力：它拔地而起，绝壁凌空，冰川与峡谷相望，雪原与碧湖交映，湖光山色，冰雪晶莹，景色蔚为壮观。原译：落基山脉中最年轻的的特顿山脉景色壮观。它突兀挺拔，四壁陡峭，冰川、深谷、雪地、湖泊等为它增添了气势。The youngest of the Rocky Mountains,the Teton Range is a spectacular sight.Enhanced by glaciers,deep canyons,snowfields,and lakes,the range shoots up suddenly,with no foothills around it.Grand Teton National Park常用技巧1.修辞性增译2.注释性增译3.修辞性省译4.选词用句5.结构转换（拆分与合并）常用技巧：修辞性增译Towers,domes,balanced rocks,and arches have been formed over millions of years of weathering and erosion,and the process continues,constantly reshaping this fantastical rock garden.Arches National Park岁月沧桑，风化雨蚀，造就了这里奇特的山体风貌：满山“巨巨塔塔”高耸，“穹穹丘丘”浑圆，“不不倒倒翁翁”摇摇欲坠，“大大拱拱门门”凌空而立，奇形怪状，自然天成。大自然造物不尽，还在不断创造新的神奇。常用技巧：修辞性增译Venice invites idleness and strolling.Its silence is restful and its sundials are inscribed with the words:Horas non mumero nisi serenas(I count only the happy hours).威尼斯是人们休休闲闲解解闷闷、闲闲庭庭信信步步的的好好去去处处，她她宁宁静静从从容容，闲闲适适悠悠然然，连城中日晷上都刻着这样的铭文：只计幸福时光。常用技巧：修辞性省译这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象：谷中急水奔流，穿峡而过；两岸树木葱茏，鲜花繁茂，碧草萋萋，活脱脱一幅生机盎然的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭，令人感受各异，遐想万千。It is another gorge through which a rapid stream flows.Trees,flowers and grass,a picture of natural vitality,thrive on both banks.The weird peaks arouse disparate thoughts.常用技巧：选词用句There would be five or six wet and wonderful years when there might be nineteen to twenty-five inches of rain,and the land would shout with grass.大地会“呼啦”一下骤然冒出大片野草来。九寨沟集湖、瀑、滩、流、雪峰、森林、藏族风情为一体。主景区主景区位于全长60多公里的山谷中。Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area encompasses lakes,waterfalls,shoals,streams,snow-capped mountains,forest as well as Tibetan villages.Most of the sceneries stretch along a valley over 60 kilometers long.作业庐山奇伟幽险，瀑飞泉鸣；云蒸雾涌，气象万千。3000余种植物分布在云山锦谷，苍翠斑斓，争奇竞妍。独特的第四纪冰川遗迹，使其平添几分神秘色彩。山麓的鄱阳湖候鸟多达百万，世界上最大的鹤群在水天之间翩翩起舞，构成了鹤飞千点的世界奇观。The largest island,Hawaii,lies at the southeastern end of the chain and is almost twice as large as all the others combined.Five volcanoes gave the island its form;two are still alive:Kilauea and Mauna Loa.Mauna Loa,the worlds largest active volcano,towers above the scenic Hawaii National Park which stretches from the 4250-meter mountain peak across the sea to neighboring Maui,the valley island.Tropical plants,sandy desert,waterfalls,craters and caves make the 780-square-kilometer part a tourist attraction.