人教版高一英语必修一-unit4-earthquake-定语从句.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,句子成分,主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 同位语,I,met,my best,friend,Tom,at the station yesterday,.,主语,谓,语,定语,宾,语,同位语,状,语,1.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake _shookTangshan.2.The army organized teams to dig out those_.,which,was almost as strong as the first one,who,were trapped and to bury the dead,Some sentences with atrributive clause in the text,But the people in the city,_ _ went to sleep as usual that night.,It was heard in Beijing,_,who,thought little of these events,which,is more than 200 kilometers away.,A huge crack _ _ cut across houses,roads and canals.,The number of people _ _ reached more than 400,000.,that,was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide,who,were killed or injured,什么是定语从句.,修饰名词或代词的从句,叫,定语从句,.,什么是先行词.,被修饰的名词或代词,叫,先行词,.,什么是关系词,有哪些关系词,他们有什么作用.,关系词:,关系代词:,关系副词:,位置:,作用:,处于先行词和定语从句之间,1)连接主句与从句,2)指代先行词,3)在从句中充当成分,which that who whom whose,when where why,注意:定语从句一般紧跟先行词.有时为了平衡句子结构的需要,可能不紧跟先行词,而放在更后面的地方,.,引导定语从句的关联词,称为,关系词,。,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,指人,指物,subject(主语),object(宾语),attribute（定语）,whom,who,which,that,whose,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,He has a friend,whose,father is a doctor,.,=the father of whom is a doctor,I lived in a house,whose,roof has fallen in,.,=the roof of which has fallen in,Those,who,want to go,come here.,Is there anyone,who,wants to go there,?,注意:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列,宜用,who,。,1)先行词是anyone,someone,everyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,those,one,，,ones,时。,2)在,there be,句型中，,先行词指人,关系词用who。,There is an old man,who,wants to see you,.,There are many men,who,are against him,.,限制性,定语从句,只能用,that,不用,which,的几种情况,1.当,先行词,是,anything,everything,nothing,something,few,all,none,little,some,等不定代词时，或者是,由,every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much,等,修饰,时。,Did you take down,everything,that,Mr.Li said,?,There seems to be,nothing,that,seems impossible,All,that,can be done,has been done.,There is,little,that,I can do for you,.,2.当先行词被,序数词,修饰。,The first,place,that,they visited,was my home.,3.当先行词被,形容词最高级,修饰时。,This is,the best,film,that,I have seen,.,4.当形容词被,the very,the only,the same,the last,修饰时。,This is,the very,dictionary,that,I want to buy,.,The old car is,the only,thing,that,he owned,.,例:Wang Hua is,the only,person,in our school,that,/,who,will attend the meeting,.,当先行词指,人,时，,偶尔,也可以用,who,。,例:Who is the man that is standing there?,Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?,5.当先行词既有,人,，也有,动物,或者,物体,时。,Can you remember,the scientist and his theory,that,we have learned,?,6.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时,。,1.在定语从句中加了多余的宾语或主语。,Some of the boys I invited them didnt come.,The book that you need it is in the library.,This is the man that he was caught stealing yesterday.,2.把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。,Anyone who break the law will be punished.,Those who has finished may go home.,3.误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。,Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.,4.在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。,I still remember the day when we spent together.,定语从句常见错误归纳 1,breaks,have,that/which,关系代词,限制性,定语从句,只能用,that,不用,which,的几种情况,限制性定语从句中只能用,who,不用,that,的几种情况.,revision,The boy is Tom.,The boy is smiling,.,The boy,who,/,that,is smiling,is Tom.,(,主语),The boy is Tom.,He sits in front of me,.,The boy,who,/,that,sits in front of me,is Tom.,The man is Jims father.,Everyone likes him,.,The man,(,whom,/,who,/,that),everyone likes,is Jims father.,(宾语),The silk sells well.,The silk is produced in Suzhou,.,The silk,which,/,that,is produced in Suzhou,sells well.,(主语),The songs are very popular.,The singer sang the songs last night.,The songs,(,which,/,that),the singer sang last night,are very popular.,1.The teacher lives in the house.Its front door is red.,The teacher lives in the house,whose,front door is red.,2.The boy is studying in Beijing University.His parents died in the Tangshan earthquake.,The boy,whose,parents died in the Tangshan earthquake,is studying in Beijing University.,基础练习,1.Is that the house _ you bought last year?A.where B.,which,2.Is that the picture at _ you are laughing?A.which B.that,3.It is the most interesting book _Ill ever read.A.which B.that,B,B,A,4.The street _is to the park is very narrow.A.where B.which,5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward.A.who B.whom,6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture in.A.which B.where,B,A,A,7.The boy _mother is ill can not come to the party.,A.whos B.whose,8.Tell me the reason _ he explained to you.,A.which B.why,B,A,填空：,1.Look at that lady,_ name is Pochi.,2.He is a teacher _ I like very much.,3.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.,4.Those _will go to the park stay here.,5.That was all the money _I had.,whose,(whom/that),which/that,who,(that),6.Tom is the first boy _left the room.,7.Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.,8.You can read any book _I have.,9.The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.,that,that,(that),whom,Earthquake is a disaster,翻译,1.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。,Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.,2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。,I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.,3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。,She is a girl who is called Mary.,1.The boys,who,are playing,football are my friends.,2.He is the person,(,whom,)you talked,about,.,3.He is the person,about whom,you talked.,4.This is a book,which,is liked by most boys,.,5.This is the pen,(,which,)he bought yesterday,.,6.Is this the library,from which,you borrow books,?,7.He has a friend,whose,father is a doctor,.,=the father of whom is a doctor,8.I once lived in a house,whose,roof has fallen in,.,=the roof of which has fallen in,that,who,whom,关系代词,引导的定语从句,1.,who,指,人,，在定语从句中做,主语,。,例:,1)The boys,who,are playing,football are my friends.,2)Yesterday I helped an old man,who,lost his way,.,关系代词,引导的定语从句,2.,whom,指,人,，在定语从句中充当,宾语,，常,可省略,如介词提前则不能省,。,例:1)He is the person,(,whom,)you talked,about,.,2)He is the person,about whom,you talked.,(注意：关系代词,whom,在口语中,常用who代替,，,可省略,。)但在介词后面只能用whom不可用who,例:,The man,(who/whom),you spoke to,is my friend.,The man to,whom,you spoke,is my friend.,3.,which,指,物,，在定语从句中做,主语,或者,宾语,，,做宾语时可省略,。,如介词提前则不能省略,。,例:,1,.This is a book,which,is liked by most boys,.,2.This is the pen,(,which,)he bought yesterday,.,3.Is this the library,from which,you borrow books,?,4.,that,指,人,时，相当于,who,或者,whom,；,指,物,时，相当于,which,。,在宾语从句中做,主语,或者,宾语,，,做宾语时可省略,。,例:,1.,The number of the people,that,/,who,come to visit,the city each year,rises one million.,2.Where is the man(,that,/,whom,)I saw yesterday,?,I lost the book,(that/which),I bought yesterday.,Do you know the name of the book,that/which,is popular with student now.,5.,whose,通常指,人,，也可指,物,，在定语从句中做,定语,。,例:He has a friend,whose,father is a doctor,.,I once lived in a house,whose,roof has fallen in,.,例:The classroom,whose door,is broken is there.,=The classroom,the door of which,is broken is there,Do you know the boy,whose name,is Tom?,=Do you know the boy,the name of whom,is Tom?,(注意：,whose,指,物,时，常用the+名词+of whom/which 来代替。),But one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,went to bed as usual that night.,It was heard in Beijing,which is one hundred kilometers away.,A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses,roads and canals.,The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.,The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.,Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,This is the man who helped me yesterday.,This is the man whom I helped yesterday.,The building is our school.,The building stands by the river.,The building,which/that,stands by the river is our school.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,定语从句,The woman is my mother.,The woman is speaking at the meeting.,The woman who is speaking at the meeting is my mother.,The boy is Tom.,The boy is smiling,.,The boy is Tom.,The boy has a round face,.,The boy,who,/,that,is smiling,is Tom.,(,主语),The boy,who,/,that,has a round face,is Tom.,The boy is Tom.,He sits in front of me,.,The boy,who,/,that,sits in front of me,is Tom.,The man is Jims father.,Everyone likes him,.,The man,(,whom,/,who,/,that),everyone likes,is Jims father.,(宾语),The woman got the job.,We saw her on the street,.,The woman,(,whom,/,who/that),we saw on the street,got the job.,The teacher will give us a talk.,We met the teacher yesterday,.,The teacher,(,whom,/,who,/,that),we met yesterday,will give us a talk.,The silk sells well.,The silk is produced in Suzhou,.,The silk,which,/,that,is produced in Suzhou,sells well.,(主语),The songs are very popular.,The singer sang the songs last night.,The songs,(,which,/,that),the singer sang last night,are,very popular.,Can you find the pen?,I wrote with it just now,.,Can you find the pen,with which,I wrote just now,?,Can you find the pen,(which),I wrote with just now,?,The room _ Jim lives,in,looks very nice.,The room,in,_ Jim lives looks very nice.,The room _ Jim lives looks very nice.,The person _ you just talked,to,is Mr.Li.,The person,to,_ you just talked is Mr.Li.,(which/that),whom,(who/whom/that),which,where,The building,which/that,stands by the river is our school.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,2.关系词：,引导定语从句的关联词,称为,关系词,。,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。,关系代词,:,that,which,who,whom,whose,；,关系副词,:,where,when,why,。,关系词常有3个作用：,a.,代替,先行词。,b.引导定语从句,连接,先行词与它引导的定语从句。,（把主句和从句连起来）,c.在定语从句中担当一个,成分,。,关系代词,的使用,取决于先行词,，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都,跟在先行词之后,，而且它的,人称、数必须和先行词一致,。,which/that,是,关系代词,，它在从句中,代替,先行词,the building,同时担任从句中的,主语,，也起,连词,的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。,The building,which/that,stands by the river is our school.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,The woman who/that,spoke,at the meeting,yesterday,is,my mother.,(主句)The woman is my mother.,(叙述客观事实用一般现在时),(从句)who/that(the woman)spoke at the meeting yesterday.,(句中yesterday表示过去时间),注意:,定语从句的时态不受主句的限制,。,2.若,介词,放在关系代词,前,，,关系代词指人时只用whom,，,不可用who或者that；,指物时只能用which,，不能用,that；关系代词是,所有格时用whose,。,(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),The man,with whom,you talked is my friend.(T),The man,with who/that,you talked is my friend.(F),The plane,in which,we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T),The plane,in that,we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F),有些固定动介短语一般不拆开使用:,look for/at/after/for,take care of,.,This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T),This is the watch for which I am looking.(F),介词+关系代词,引导的定语从句,1.,关系代词,在定语从句中做,介词宾语,时，,从句常由,介词+关系代词,引导。,The school,(,that,/,which,)he once studied,in,is very famous.,=The school,in which,he once studied,is very famous.,Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine,(,that,/,which,)you asked,for,.,=Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine,for which,you asked,.,Well go to meet the famous singer,(,whom,/,that,/,who,)we have often talked,about,.,=Well go to meet the famous singer,about whom,we have often talked,.,Those,who,want to go to the Great Wall,sign up here.,Is there anyone,who,wants to go there,?,注意:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列,宜用,who,。,1)先行词是,anyone,someone,everyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,those,one,时。,2)在,there be,句型中，,先行词指人,关系词用who。,There is an old man,who,wants to see you,.,There are many young men,who,are against him,.,