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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,抓基础,必修三,Unit 4,Astronomy:,the science of the stars,析考点,提能力,.,高频单词必记,1,n,系统；体系；制度,2,n,.,学说；理论,3,n,.,大气层；气氛,4,adj,.,基本的；基础的,5,adv,.,因此；于是,system,theory,atmosphere,fundamental,thus,6,vt,.&,vi,.(,使,),迷惑；,(,使,),为难,n,.,谜；难题,7,adj,.,温和的；文雅的,8,vi,.&,vt,.,碰撞；坠落,9,n,&,vt,.,拉,(,力,),；拖；牵引力,10,vi,.&,vt,.(,使,),浮动；,(,使,),漂浮,n,.,漂浮物,puzzle,gentle,crash,pull,float,11,adj,.,猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的,n,暴力,adv,.,暴力地；猛烈地,12,prep,.,不同；不像,vt,.,喜欢；,prep,.,相像的,adj,.,可能的,13,adj,.,有害的,n,&,v,.,伤害,adj,.,无害的,14,vi,.,存在；生存,n,存在；生存,violent,violence,violently,unlike,like,likely,harmful,harm,harmless,exist,existence,.,重点短语必背,1,及时；终于,2,下蛋,3,产生；分娩,4,轮到某人；接着,5,阻止；制止,in time,lay eggs,give birth to,in ones turn,prevent.from,6,感到高兴；感到振奋,7,既然,8,突发；爆发,9,密切注视；当心；提防,10,挡住,(,光线,),cheer up,now that,break out,watch,out,block out,.,经典句型必会,1,What is even more important is that as the earth,cooled down,water began to appear on its surface.,更为重要的是，当地球冷却下来时水开始在地球表面出现了。,解读：,what,引导主语从句。,仿写：当在太空旅行的时候，人类一定害怕的是来自太阳的辐射。,_when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.,答案：,What man must fear,2,The earth became so violent that it was not clear,whether the shape would last or not.,地球变得如此激烈动荡以致于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。,解读：,whether.or not“,是否,”,。,仿写：经理还没有决定是否派我去国外。,The manager didnt decide _.,答案：,whether I would be sent abroad or not,3,But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried,twice as far as on the earth and fell over.,而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。,解读：,“,twice as,形容词原级,as”,是倍数表达法之一。,仿写：仔细研究地图后，我发现这个村庄是那个村庄的两倍大。,I find this village is _ that one after studying the map carefully.,答案：,twice as large as,4,This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible,for life to develop.,这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。,解读：,句中的,it,是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语,to develop,。,仿写：她的知识让她能够获得这个机会成为可能。,Her knowledge _ the chance.,答案：,made it possible for her to have,5,“,Oh,dear,”I cried,“walking does need a bit of,practice now that gravity has changed.”,“,天哪，,”,我大声说，,“,重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。,”,解读：,now that “,由于；既然,”,，引导原因状语从句，有时,that,可以省略。,仿写：既然大家都在，她不妨把想法都说出来。,_ they were all there she might as well speak her mind.,答案：,Now that,1,harmful,adj,.,有害的，其反义词为,harmless,(3)There is no harm in doing sth./It does no harm to do sth.,做某事是个好主意,(,或没有坏处,),教材,P26,原句,What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.,很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，它使得地球得以把曾经存在于大气层中的有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。,Its harmful to your eyes to read in the sun.,在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。,The medicine is,to children but does no,adults.,这种药对儿童有害，却对成年人没有什么害处。,As far as Im concerned,making an apology to him first.,就我个人而言，先向他道歉没有什么坏处。,harmful,harm to,there is no harm in,2,exist,vi,.,存在；生存,(1)exist in,存在于,之中,exist on,靠,为生,There exists/existed.,某地有,；存在,(2)existence,n,.,存在；生存,come into existence,产生；成立；开始存在,教材,P26,原句,They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.,它们也生蛋，在地球上存在了一亿四千多年。,There existed a close relationship,between families and their milkmen.,(,摘自,2011,全国卷,阅读理解,A,),各家各户和他们的送奶人之间存在一种亲密的关系。,The custom of arranged marriages still,many parts of China.,包办婚姻的风俗在中国很多地区仍然存在。,They are paid hardly enough to exist on.,他们收入微薄，几乎无法维持生活。,exists in,As is known to us,China,as an independent country in 1949.,众所周知，在,1949,年中国以一个独立的国家存在了。,came into existence,3,puzzle,vt.,使迷惑；使为难；使窘困；感到迷惑,n,.(,游戏的,),猜谜；难题；谜,(1)puzzle over/about sth.,苦苦思索；仔细琢磨,puzzle sth.out,琢磨出,的答案,a puzzle to sb.,某人不懂,(2)puzzled,adj,.,迷惑不解的,(,常用来修饰人,),puzzling,adj,.,令人迷惑不解的,(,常用来修饰事物,),教材,P27,原句,How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.,地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。,What puzzles me is why they didnt show up.,令我百思不解的是他们为什么没有出现。,Ive been trying to,why shes so upset.,我一直想试图搞清楚她为什么如此烦恼。,When you said you were in law school,I was more puzzled.(,摘自,2011,天津高考,完形填空,),当你说你正在学校学法律时，我感到更加困惑了。,puzzle out,Her,look on her face suggested she didnt understand what I said.,她脸上迷惑的表情表明她不明白我说的话。,puzzled,4,pull,n,&,vt,.,拉,(,力,),；拖；牵引力,pull away,(,汽车等,),开走,pull down,拆毁；摧毁,pull in (,车辆,),进站停靠；靠边停靠,pull out,驶出；退出,pull through,康复；痊愈,教材,P30,原句,As the rocket rose into the air,we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.,随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。,They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new hotel.,为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。,We waved as the train,.,火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。,The police car signalled to us to,.,警车发出信号，要我们驶向路边停靠。,pulled out of the station,pull in,形象记忆,.,单词拼写,1,I agree with you in _(,理论,)but practically I,dont think we have the time to do that.,答案：,theory,2,I dont think the film is suitable for students because,its full of _(,暴力的,)crimes.,答案：,violent,3,The organization may soon stop to _(,存在,)if,more funding isnt provided.,答案：,exist,4,Thousands of turtles drag themselves onto the beach,and,l,_ their eggs in the sand.,答案：,lay,5,Tomorrow Im going to the dentist to have a tooth,p,_.,答案：,pulled,6,The findings of the survey,p,_ me theyre not,at all what I would have expected.,答案：,puzzle,.,单项填空,1,(2012,淄博模拟,)_ a certain doubt among the,workers as to the necessity of the work.,A,It existed,B,There existed,C,There had D,It had,解析：,句意：对于做这份工作的必要性，工人们存在一定的疑惑。,there exists/existed.“,有；存在,”,；相当于,there be.,结构。,答案：,B,2,(2012,台州模拟,)I was lucky enough to get on the train,before it _.,A,pulled on B,pulled down,C,pulled in D,pulled out,解析：,句意：我很幸运在火车出站前坐上车了。,pull out“,出站,”,，符合句意。,pull on“,穿上,”,；,pull down“,拆毁,”,；,pull in“,进站,”,。,答案：,D,3,Thats really a _ problem;no wonder all the,students looked _.,A,puzzled;puzzling B,puzzled;puzzled,C,puzzling;puzzling D,puzzling;puzzled,解析：,考查形容词辨析。,a puzzling problem“,一个令人困惑的问题,”,；,look puzzled“,看起来被弄糊涂了,”,。,答案：,D,4,Doctors always tell us that drinking too much,_ our health,but some people dont care.,A,is harm to B,does harmful to,C,is harmful to D,do harm to,解析：,句意：医生总是告诉我们饮酒太多有害健康，但有些人却不在意。,be harmful to sb.,do harm to sb.“,对某人有害,”,。,D,项应用第三人称单数。,答案：,C,1,in time,及时；终于；总有一天,教材,P25,原句,They were in time to produce carbon,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earths atmosphere.,最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。,Will you be in time for the six oclock train?,你来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗？,Youll,because you are always working hard.,你迟早会成功的，因为你一直在努力工作。,succeed in time,(1)in no time,立刻；马上,at no time,绝不,at a time,每次；一次,at one time,曾经；一度,at the same time,同时,from time to time,有时；偶尔,(2)take ones time,别着急；慢慢来,kill time,消磨时间,At one time,half the land on the earths surface was covered by forest.,曾经，地球表面有一半的土地被森林所覆盖。,will smoking be permitted here.,这里绝不允许吸烟。,At no time,2,in ones turn,轮到某人；接着,教材,P26,原句,Thus they have,in their turn,become the most important animals on the planet.,于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。,When it is in my turn,I am too excited to speak.,当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。,in turn,依次；轮流；反之；反过来,by turns,轮流；交替地,take turns to do sth.,轮流做某事,It is ones turn to do sth.,轮到某人做某事,You cant all do it together;youll have to,.,你们不能全体一齐上；你们得轮流做。,In turn,they will incorporate their experiences and lessons learned into their own communities.(,摘自,2011,天津高考,阅读表达,),反过来，他们会把从中取得的经验和教训融合到他们自己的团体中去。,take turns,Now,to look after the children.,现在轮到你照看孩子了。,it is your turn,3,cheer up(,使,),高兴；,(,使,),振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋,教材,P31,原句,I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.,我立刻高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着,(,身后的,),地球越来越小，而,(,前方的,),月亮越来越大。,I do hope she can cheer up and accept the challenge of life bravely!,我真心希望她能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！,When Im feeling sad my mother tells me funny stories,.,当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。,to cheer me up,(1)cheer sb.on(,比赛中,),以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油,cheer the victory,为胜利而欢呼,(2)cheerful,adj,.,快乐的；高兴的,(3)Cheers!(,用于祝酒,),干杯！,They do this in order to encourage crowds to cheer their sports team on.,他们这样做是为了鼓励人们为他们的球队加油。,.,完成句子,1,Will you be home _(,及时,看看孩子,)before they go to bed?,答案：,in time to see the children,2,Youve made me suffer in the past,so now you,_(,轮到你了,),suffer again!,答案：,in your turn,3,_(,一场大火突然发生,)in the,department store last night and luckily no one was hurt.,答案：,A fire broke out,4,Jenny was ill so I sent her some flowers to,_(,让她高兴起来,),答案：,cheer her up,5,Hans finally _(,熟悉他的工,作,)after three months of training.,答案：,got the hang of his job,6,No one can prevent this plan from _,(,实施,),答案：,being carried out,.,单项填空,1,Im thinking of the test tomorrow.Im afraid I cant,pass this time.,_,！,Im sure youll make it.,A,Go ahead,B,Good luck,C,No problem D,Cheer up,解析：,句意：,“,我正在考虑明天考试的问题，恐怕这次我会不及格。,”“,振作起来！我相信你会通过的。,”,根据上下文只有,cheer up“,振作起来,”,符合句意。,go ahead“,继续,”,；,good luck“,好运气,”,；,no problem“,没问题,”,。,答案：,D,2,Im not good at dancing,you know.,_ Its just for fun.,A,Dont say so.B,Come on!,C,What a pity!D,Cheer up.,解析：,后句句意：来吧！我们只是玩玩。,come on“,得了吧；来吧,”,；,what a pity“,真是遗憾,”,；,cheer up“,振作点,”,。,答案：,B,3,The cloud never hides the sun.The truth will be known,to all _.,A,by now B,in time,C,at present D,in future,解析：,句意：乌云遮不住太阳，事实迟早会被知道的。,in time“,最终；迟早,”,；,by now“,到现在,”,；,at present“,当前,”,；,in future“,在将来,”,。,答案：,B,4,We usually take turns _ cleaning,and today it is,my turn _ it.,A,to do;doing B,do;do,C,done;doing D,to do;to do,解析：,考查搭配,take turns to do sth.“,轮流干某事,”,及,it is ones turn to do sth.“,轮到某人干某事,”,。,答案：,D,1,“,Oh dear,，,”,I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice,now,_,that,gravity has changed.”,“,天哪，,”,我大声说，,“,重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。,”,now that“,既然；由于,”,引导原因状语从句。在语义上相当于,since,that,在口语中可省略。,Now that it is raining,lets stay here for a break.,既然下雨了，我们在这儿休息一下吧。,，,it becomes easier for them to solve the problem.,既然他们有计算机了，处理这个问题就更容易了。,Now that they have computers,Now you have grown up,you can make up your mind by yourself.,你已长大了，可以自己作决定了。,2,But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried,twice,_,as,_,far,_,as,on the earth and fell over.,而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。,twice as far as,.,是一种倍数的表示方法，意为,“,是,的两倍远,”,。,as far as.“,远到,”,。,Our city has experienced twice as much rain this year as it did last year.,我们城市今年的雨水是去年的两倍。,Our new school is,this one.,我们的新学校是这个的三倍大。,three times as big as,There are,books in our library,in yours.,我们图书馆里的书比你们图书馆里的书多五倍。,The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.,目前世界人口与,1800,年相比已经增长到当时的六倍多。,five times more,than,.,完成句子,1,_(,既然大家都同意我的计划,),lets start for Shanghai next weekend.(now),答案：,Now that everyone agrees to the plan,2,The new bridge is _ (,三倍宽,),that one built last year.(width),答案：,three times the width of,3,Wherever he is,he _(,作为一项习惯,),take part in physical labour.(rule),答案：,made it a rule to,.,单项填空,1,_ youve got a chance,you might as well make,full use of it.,A,Now that B,After,C,Although D,As soon as,解析：,句意：你既然得到了一个机会，不妨充分利用它。,now that“,既然,”,，符合语境。,答案：,A,2,My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller,than ours,but it is twice _ expensive.,A,as B,so,C,too D,very,解析：,but,分句实际上是一个省略句，补充完整为：,but it is twice as expensive as ours,。,答案：,A,3,(2012,长春模拟,)After the new technique was,introduced,the factory produced _ trucks in 2011 as the year before.,A,as twice many B,as many twice,C,twice as many D,twice many as,解析：,考查倍数表达法。,“,倍数,as many/much,n,.,as.”,。,答案：,C,主语从句,单项填空,1,(2012,江苏苏州高三质量调研,)_ seems to be a,strong competition in China for senior high students to enter universities does exist in other countries as well.,A,It B,Which,C,What D,That,解析：,考查主语从句。句意：在中国，高中生考大学似乎存在很激烈的竞争，这一现象在其他国家同样存在。在这个主语从句中，设空处作主语，故用,what,。,答案：,C,2,(2012,唐山模拟,)It makes his life quite different,_ he has received higher education abroad.,A,that B,which,C,what D,how,解析：,考查主语从句。本句中的,it,是形式主语，真正的主语是,“,that he has received higher education abroad”,。,答案：,A,3,(2012,温州模拟,)Please remember _ wins your,respect is not your background but your knowledge and virtues.,A,that B,what,C,which D,where,解析：,考查主语从句。句意：请记住，为你赢得尊重的不是你的背景，而是你的知识和美德。题干中,remember,之后为宾语从句，其中，,what wins your respect,又为主语从句。,答案：,B,4,(2011,无锡市高三检测,)_ is commonly believed,is that Chinas economy has got out of the financial crisis.,A,As B,It,C,That D,What,解析：,考查名词性从句。根据第二个,is,可知，,that,引导的不是主语从句，而是表语从句，可排除,B,项。若使用,A,项，则需要使用逗号与主句分隔开来，并将,is that,删去。,that,和,what,虽均可引导主语从句，但,that,在从句中不充当任何句子成分，而此处主语从句缺少主语，故选,D,项。,答案：,D,5,(2011,湖南高考,)Before a problem can be solved,it,must be obvious_ the problem itself is.,A,what B,that,C,which D,why,解析：,考查名词性从句。主语从句缺少表语，故用,what,。句意：在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。,答案：,A,
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