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（英语）初中英语宾语从句技巧和措施完整版及练习题
一、初中英语宾语从句
1．Hi, Simon. I hear that you’ve just come back from Korea. I’m calling to ask______________.
A．how did you visit the city B．how many days you’ve spent there
C．which hotel you stayed in Korea D．how you found the popular local food
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：嗨，西蒙。我听说你刚从韩国回来。我打电话来是想问一下你对当地受欢迎食物感觉怎样。考察宾语从句。ask后是宾语从句，宾语从句是陈说语序，排除A；根据前文可知，西蒙已从韩国返回，而B选项是目前完毕时（表达说话时还在韩国），故排除B；C项中，stayed是不及物动词，其宾语是名词hotel，那么此时stayed后应加介词at，排除C。D项中，found是find过去式，意为“认为”。故选D。
2．-Excuse me. Could you please tell me ____________?
-Sure. There’s a bookstore on River Road.
A．where I can get a dictionary B．if is there a bookstore on River Road
C．where can I get a dictionary D．how could I get a dictionary
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——打扰了。你能告诉我，我在哪里能买到一本词典吗？——当然可以。在沿江路上有一家书店。where I can get a dictionary我在哪里可以买到一本词典，if is there a bookstore on River Road在沿江路与否有一家书店，where can I get a dictionary 我在哪里可以买到一本词典. how could I get a dictionary我怎样能买到一本词典。根据There’s a bookstore on River Road.可知此处问询地点，作为动词tell宾语从句，故用陈说语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，故选A。
3．—I’m sorry about yesterday.
—Don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about______better next time.
A．how can we do it B．how we can do it
C．how can they do it D．how they can do it
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——昨天我很抱歉。——不用紧张。它永远不只是一种人错。我们应当考虑下一次怎样做得更好。考察宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈说句语序，AC都是疑问句语序，可排除。It’s never just one person’s fault. 不只是一种人错，意思是“我们大家均有责任”；根据句意语境，可知they不合句意，故选B。
4．—I'd like to know ________ for the party.
—I have no idea.
A．why did she buy so little food
B．what she has prepared
C．whether will she dance
D．when is she leaving
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：--我想懂得她为晚会做了什么。—我不懂得。答案A,C,D语序是疑问语序，不对。宾语从句语序应当是陈说语序。故选B。
5．— Could you tell me ________? I must find him.
— Sorry. I have no idea. But he was here just now.
A．where Tom was B．where Tom has gone
C．where can I find Tom D．where Tom has been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你能告诉我汤姆去哪儿了吗？我必须找到他。 ——对不起，我不懂得。但他刚刚在这里。本题重要考察宾语从句。根据语境，你能告诉“我”汤姆在哪里吗。where 引导宾语从句在句中作 tell 直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。宾语从句使用陈说语序，故此处应用“where + 主语 + 谓语”构造，主语为 Tom，谓语为 be 动词。故排除C项。根据语境时态和主句时态保持一致Could you tell me表达祈求容许后用目前完毕时，has gone是指去某地，没回来；has been指从某地回来了。结合语境可知，是指Tom去了某地。故选B。
6．一Why does Jane seem worried?
一She is uncertain about she can get a good job even though she's an excellent student.
A．if B．that C．whether D．不填
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——为何简似乎很紧张？——她不确定她与否能得到一份好工作，尽管她是一名优秀学生。be uncertain about表达不确定，背面接宾语从句，用疑问句，位于介词about后，故用whether引导，故选C。
7．---Judy, do you know_______? ---Sure, two days.
A．when did the sports meeting begin
B．where the sports meeting was held
C．how often the sports meeting is held
D．how long the sports meeting will last
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：朱迪，你懂得运动会将持续多长时间吗？当然，两天。在宾语从句中只能使用陈说句语序，不能使用疑问句语序，结合答语中Sure, two days.可知该选D。
考点：考察宾语从句使用方法
8．―Excuse me, could you tell me ?
―There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.
A．where the bank is B．how I can get to the bank
C．if there's a bank near here D．where I can exchange money
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：——打扰了，你能告诉我在哪里我可以兑换钱币吗？——在二楼有一种银行。你可以在那里做到。where the bank is 银行在哪里； how I can get to the bank我怎样抵达那个银行；
if there's a bank near here 这附近有银行吗？where I can exchange money我在哪里可以兑换钱币。根据There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.可知此处表达在银行那里可以做到事，应是在那里兑换钱币，故选D。
9．一Could you please tell me ?
一In two hours.
A．how long will your father be back B．how long your father will be back
C．how soon your father will be back D．how soon will your father be back
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：一你能告诉我你父亲多久会回来吗? 一两个小时后。本句为宾语从句，从句部分应用陈说句语序，因此排除答案A.D。根据答语“In two hours”可知，问句问询“表达未来时间点”。how soon多久，问询未来时间点；how long多长时间，问询一段时间。故选C。
10．—Lily, have you decided ___________ for traveling this summer?
—Not yet. Maybe some cities in the north.
A．where will you go B．where you will go
C．how will you go D．how you will go
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——莉莉，你决定今年夏天去哪儿旅行了吗？——还没有。也许北方某些都市。考察宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，疑问词引导宾语从句需用陈说语序，可排除AC选项。根据答语Maybe some cities in the north，说是地点，可知需用where引导，故选B。
11．—I have no idea the meeting room yesterday afternoon.
—Jack, I guess.
A．who cleans B．who cleaned C．why he cleaned
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意“我不懂得昨天下午谁打扫了会议室。-我猜是杰克”。根据Jack, I guess可知，应问“谁打扫了教室”，问人，用who，排除C。且根据yesterday afternoon可知，用一般过去时，故选B。
12．-Would you please tell me ________？- Bus No.301 will take you there.
A．who will we go with to Shandong Theater B．what can we see in Quancheng Park
C．when they left for the Shandong Museum D．how we can get to Bon-Garden
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——请你告诉我怎样抵达Bon-Garden？——301路公共汽车会带你去那儿。根据下文Bus No.301 will take you there.可知上文是说怎样抵达，用how引导，排除ABC，根据题意，故选D。
13．–What a lovely toy race car! Could you tell me ?
A．why did you get it B．when will you get it
C．where you got it D．how will you get it
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--多么可爱玩具赛车呀！你能告诉我你什么时间买吗？根据语意，车已经买来了，这个动作过去了，要用一般过去时。又根据宾语从句语序要用陈说句语序原则。故选C。
考点：考察宾语从句。
14．--- I am a new reader. Could you tell me ?
--- Certainly. Two weeks, and you can renew them.
A．how long can I keep the book? B．how long I can keep the books
C．when should I return the books D．when I should return the books
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我是一种新读者，请你告诉我这本书我可以借多久吗？当然了，两周，你也可以续借。根据句意，结合答语中内容为时间段，结合renew提醒，因此引导词用how long。宾语从句要用陈说句语序，而A、C为疑问句语序，故选B.
点睛：宾语从句重要注意三个方面：语序（从句要用陈说句语序）；时态（一般状况主句时一般目前时，从句根据需要选择时态；主句时过去时态，从句用对应过去时态。）；引导词（引导词选用往往要根据答语来确定）
15．---Could you tell me in the past?
---Yes. Great changes have taken place in our city. These pictures can show you.
A．what our city looked like
B．how our city looked like
C．what was our city like
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：---你能告诉我我们都市过去是什么样子吗？----好。我们都市发生了巨大变化。这些照片可以给你看。考察宾语从句。我们都市过去是什么样子吗？：what was our city like？或what did our city look like？宾语从句语序是陈说语序， C是疑问句语序，可排除；B没有这种体现方式；A是陈说语序。结合句意可知选A。
【点睛】
本题意在考察宾语从句这一语法，做此类题时，要从三方面考虑：一、选准连接词（引导词）； 二、连接词后紧跟从句主语（注意主谓一致等）； 三、若主句是过去时，从句要改为相对应过去某种时态；四、需用陈说语序。
16．—Have you decided ____ the Expo Beijing?
—This summer holiday.
A．how are you going to B．how you are going to
C．when are you going to D．when you are going to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你决定什么时候去北京博览会了吗？——今年暑假。根据疑问词引导宾语从句要用陈说语序，排除A/C；根据This summer holiday.可知问什么时候；故选D。
【点睛】
1、宾语从句要用陈说语序，即引导词+主语+谓语+其他
例如：Do you know who they are waiting for?
2、宾语从句时态遵照：主现从任意，主过从过去，从句是客观事实与真理，一律用一般目前时。
例如：I wonder who cleaned the room. I wonder who will clean the room.
例如：I knew she had swept the floor.
例如：They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth.
17．-- I don't know _______ during the summer vacation. Any advice?
-- How about doing some part-time jobs?
A．what should I do
B．where should I go
C．what I should do
D．where I should go
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：我不懂得暑假期间我应当去哪里。有什么提议吗？——去做些兼职怎么样？本句考察宾语从句。宾语从句语序应为陈说语序，可排除A，B；根据下一句“How about doing some part-time jobs?”知上句在问询“做什么”而不是问“去哪里”故可排除D，选C。
18．---Could you tell me _________?
---Sure. Walk straight along this street and you'll find it.
A．how can I get to the post office B．where is the post office
C．which is the way to the post office D．how far the post office is
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：-你能告诉我去邮局路吗？-当然。沿着这条街一直走，你就会发现它。在宾语从句中只能用陈说句语序。结合答语，因此选C。
考点：考察宾语从句。
19．I didn't know .
A．when would the train arrive B．where could I get the book
C．what has been done D．who left the message
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意:我不懂得谁留言。根据句意可知，这里考察是宾语从句，从句中应当使用陈说语序，故A和B不对；这个题干中谓语动词部分didn’t know 使用是一般过去时态，故宾语从句中也应当用过去时态，故C不对，它是目前完毕时。故选D。
考点：考察宾语从句。
20．— Excuse me, could you tell me ?
— Sorry, sir. I wasn't there at that time yesterday.
A．how the accident happens B．how does the accident happen
C．how the accident happened D．how did the accident happen
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——抱歉，打扰一下，你能告诉我事故是怎么发生吗？——不好意思，先生。昨天这个时候我不在那里。
考察宾语从句。根据英语语法，宾语从句语序应为陈说句语序，B、D选项可排除。根据答句yesterday提醒，事故发生在昨天，故宾语从句谓语也应用过去式，即happened，故应选C。
21．—I want to know ________ on WeChat （微信） every day.
—About half an hour.
A．how long do you spend
B．how long you spend
C．how soon do you spend
D．how soon you spend
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：-我想懂得你每天花在微信上多长时间。-大概半个小时。A. how long do you spend你花多长时间，疑问语序；B. how long you spend你花多长时间，陈说语序；C. how soon do you spend什么时候花...，疑问语序；D. how soon you spend你什么时候花...，陈说语序。根据语义可知，本句为宾语从句，在从句中要用陈说句语序。How long多久，问询“一段时间”；how soon 多久，问询“未来时间点”。根据答语About half an hour.可知，本题问询“一段时间”。故选B。
22．Could you tell me _________ in British schools?
A．what do students wear B．to wear what
C．what students wear D．students wear what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：你能告诉我在英国学校里学校们穿什么吗？what do students wear学生们穿什么，疑问语序；to wear what形式错误；what students wear学生们穿什么，陈说语序；students wear what形式错误。这里考察宾语从句，引导词是what，应在从句开头，故B和D不对；宾语从句中应用陈说语序，故应选C。
23．—Do you know ?
—Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.
A．why did they move here B．why they moved here
C．when did they move here D．when they moved here
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：---你懂得他们什么时候搬到这儿吗？ --让我想想。我记得那是在三月十八日。在宾语从句中只能用陈说句语序，不能用疑问句语序。结合答语中I remember it was on March 18th可知该选D。
考点：考察宾语从句。
24．—Could you tell us ________?
—Sometimes, if I have time.
A．how long you play computer games B．how often you go to the park
C．how soon will you see a film D．how much time you spend on homework
【答案】B
【解析】
--你能告诉我你多久去一次公园吗？--偶尔，假如我有时间话。How long多长时间；How soon多久后来；How often多久一次；How much多少钱。根据回答sometimes可知问频率，故选B。
点睛：宾语从句构造：主语+谓语+连接词+从句。从句在句中作宾语。从句要用陈说句语序。假如主句是一般目前时，从句根据需要选择时态，假如主句是过去时态，从句要用对应过去时态。不过从句是客观真理，一般用一般目前时态。C选项语序不对；根据回答很容易选出对答案。
25．—Your head teacher has set up a We Chat group. Could you tell ?
—It is more convenient to communicate with our parents.
A．when it was set up
B．why did he set it up
C．what it is used for
D．how did he set it up
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：你班主任已经建立了一种微信群。你能告诉我它是用来做什么吗？——它与我们父母交流更以便了。根据Could you tell，可知本句考察了宾语从句使用方法。在宾语从句中所使用语序应当是陈说句语序，选项B, D是疑问句语序，排除掉；再根据It is more convenient to communicate with our parents.和我们父母联络起来更以便了，可知这里谈论是它用途，提问话应当用what it is used for.故答案选C。
26．—Mum．Can we go to the art museum tomorrow?
—Sure．But first we should find out ．
A．what can we do B．if it will be open
C．how can we go there D．where we can go
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：妈妈。我们明天能去艺术博物馆吗？当然可以。不过首先我们应当弄清晰它与否开门。这句话是个宾语从句，从句语序应当用陈说语序，也就是说动词应当放在主语背面A应当改为what we can do C应当改为how we can go there D我们可以去哪，自身题中已经说过去博物馆了，因此排除D。故选B。
考点：考察宾语从句。
27．Mr Jackson hasn't decided ________ this weekend.
A．where he will have a picnic
B．where will he have a picnic
C．where he had a picnic
D．where did he have a picnic
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：杰克逊先生还没有决定这个周末去哪儿野餐．考察宾语从句使用方法。根据Mr Jackson hasn't decided ______？再结合选项，可知Mr Jackson hasn't decided____。 背面是跟一种宾语从句，宾语从句中应当用陈说语序，即主语+谓语，因此排除B，D．再根据this weekend．这里是说这个周末，应当是一种未来时间．因此句子使用一般未来时，由will+动词原形构成，故排除C．故选A。
28．-What did Max just say to you?
-He asked me _____.
A．if I would like to go skating
B．when did I buy this CD
C．where I will spend the weekend
D．that I had a good time
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：-- Max刚刚给你说了什么？--他问我是与否喜欢滑冰。这里考察是宾语从句，宾语从句语序是陈说语序，故排除B；由于主句动词时asked是过去式，因此宾语从句时态应当用过去时，故排除C。根据句意故选A。
考点：考察宾语从句。
29．—The light in his room is still on. Do you know __________?
—In order to prepare for the coming exam.
A．if he works hard B．why he stays up so late C．why is he so busy D．when he will stop working
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意为：---他房间灯还亮着，你懂得他为何熬夜吗？---为了准备即将到来考试。本题考察是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，从句应用陈说句语序。结合选项，why表达原因，if表达假设，when表达时间。根据语境可知应选B。
30．Our teacher asked me
A．what was Ann doing these days
B．when will the monkey show begin
C．why Peter didn’t come to school yesterday
D．how long I usually spend on my homework
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：“我们老师问我为何彼得昨天没来学校”，本题重要考察宾语从句，分析句子构造可知，横线处成分作 ask 后宾语，则此处为宾语从句，需使用陈说句语序，即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”，故排除A、B项。由题干 asked 可知，此处要使用过去某种时态，故排除D项，故选C。
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