2025年完形填空和阅读理解知识点归纳与练习1.doc

-完形填空和阅读理解-知识点归纳与练习经典1

一、完形填空
1．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给A，B，C三个选项中选出能填入对应空白处最佳选项。
    When a man was walking by some elephants, he suddenly stopped. He was 1  that these huge animals were being held only by a small rope tied to their front legs. No 2 , no cages. It was obvious that the elephants could break the 3  at any time, but for some reason, they did not.
    He saw a 4  nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and didn't try to 5 . "Well," the trainer said, "when they were very 6  and much smaller, we used the same rope to keep them from running away. At that age, it's enough to hold them. As they 7 , they are conditioned （受…影响） to believe they cannot break the rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free."
    The man was 8 . These animals could break free whenever they wanted, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.
    How many of us go through life like the elephants—holding onto the belief that we 9  do something simply because we failed in it once before?
    10  is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying when we encounter （遭遇） failures in life.
1. A. worried
B. certain
C. surprised
2. A. signs
B. chains
C. metal
3. A. rope
B. fence
C. rule
4. A. genius
B. manager
C. trainer
5. A. run over
B. get away
C. have a rest
6. A. young
B. strong
C. old
7. A. come along
B. look for
C. grow up
8. A. excited
B. happy
C. ashamed
9. A. can
B. cannot
C. will
10. A. Trust
B. Success
C. Failure
【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）C；
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文通过大象不想弄断细小绳子逃走故事给我们讲述了一种道理，失败而是学习，失败了一次并不意味着我们不能成功，当我们在生活中遇到了挫折，我们不能放弃。
（1）句意：他很吃惊，这样庞大动物只用细小绳子捆着前腿。A.紧张；B.一定；C.吃惊，根据背面论述可知，大象很容易挣断绳子逃走，因此他感到吃惊，故答案是C。
（2）句意：没有铁链，也没有笼子。A.牌子；B.链子；C.金属。对应背面no cages，可知是没有链子，故答案是B。
（3）句意：很明显，大象在任何时候都可以弄断绳子。A.绳子；B.篱笆；C.纪律，对应前面细小绳子可知是挣断绳子，故答案是A。
（4）句意：他看见一种驯兽员站，问为何动物只是在那里而不逃走，A.天才；B.经理；C.驯兽员，结合情景可知，这里指是训练大象人，因此是驯兽员，故答案是C。
（5）句意：他看见一种驯兽员站，问为何动物只是在那里而不逃走。A.跑走；B.逃走；C.休息，根据前面论述可知，他认为捆绑大象绳子细小，因此他认为大象会逃走，因此他在大象为何不逃走，故答案是B。
（6）句意：当他们很年轻个子很小时候，我们用同样绳子捆着它，以防他逃走。A.年轻；B.强健；C.年老，根据much smaller可知说是大象小时候，故答案是A。
（7）句意：当他们长大时候，他们受到他们相信不能挣断绳子影响。A.过来；B.寻找；C.长大，结合文章内容可知，大象从小时候就用细小绳子捆着，那时候他们弄不停，一直这样，当他们长大了，他们还是认为弄不停，故答案是C。
（8）句意：这个人很羞愧。A.激动地；B.快乐；C.羞愧，根据后文论述可知，某些过来人由于坚持一种信念而不去做变化而感到羞快，故答案是C。
（9）句意：好多像大象那样过来人坚持一种信念，我们不能做某事就是由于我们此前失败过。A.能；B.不能；C.将要，根据 because we failed in it once before? 可知是不能做，故答案是B。
（10）句意：失败是学习一部分，A.信任；B.成功；C.失败， 根据If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. 可知，失败是学习一部分， 故答案是C。
【点评】考察词汇在篇章中运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等原因。最终通读一遍检查验证。

2．阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入对应空白处最佳选项。
    Westlife is holding farewell （辞别） concerts worldwide to say goodbye to its fans. But a new boy band has stepped up to take its 1 .
    One Direction has released just one album and three singles  2 . But the boy band has already become popular. What Makes You Beautiful was the highest-selling British debut single in the US. When the band appeared  3    The Today Show in the US on March 12, some American fans camped out for three days just to catch a glimpse of them.
    All five members of the band are no 4   than 20 and each has his own style. Niall Horan is the "cute little Irish one"; Zayn Malik is the "quiet and mysterious one"; Liam Payne is "the sensible （理智） one"; Harry Styles is "the charming one" and Louis Tomlinson is "the funny one".
    One Direction's first shot at stardom wasn't exactly 5  . The band members took part in the British talent show, The X Factor, in –but all of them  6   it. Everything changed when they joined together to 7   One Direction. They came third in the final competition and were signed by the record company of Simon Cowell, the  8 of The X Factor.
    Of course, the interest of fans can change quickly 9   a new artist comes out. Only time can tell  10   One Direction will last as long as Westlife or whether fashion will take another direction.
1. A. way
B. road
C. place  
2. A. so far
B. right now
C. in the past
3. A. in
B. on
C. at
4. A. older
B. bigger
C. taller 
5. A. successful
B. harmful
C. regretful
6. A. finished
B. left
C. failed
7. A. form
B. win
C. beat 
8. A. discover
B. creator
C. inventor 
9. A. however
B. whatever
C. whenever 
10. A. if
B. why
C. where
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）A；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）C；（10）A；
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了One Direction这个乐队替代了西域牛仔位置，受到人们欢迎，这个乐队到目前为止只发行了一种专辑和三首单曲，但非常成功，他们粉丝为他们疯狂。他们在没有构成乐队时在选秀中是失败。构成乐队之后他们在比赛中排名第三，和Simon Cowel（X音素创立人）音像企业签约。不过粉丝爱好可以很快转变无论什么时候一种新艺术家出现，只有时间可以辨别与否One Direction会和西域牛仔同样持续时间长或者与否时尚将会进入另一种方向。
（1）句意：一种新男孩乐队已经替代了它位置。take one’s place为固定搭配，意思为取代，故答案为C。
（2）句意：  One Direction这个乐队到目前为止只发行了一种专辑和三首单曲。A到目前为主，与目前完毕时连用  B 立即，立即 C 在过去，与过去时态连用。这句话用是目前完毕时态，且根据语言体现习惯应当是到目前为止发行了一种专辑和三首单曲，故答案为A。
（3）句意：3月12日当这个乐队出目前美国The Today Show时，on—show为固定搭配，故答案为B。
（4）句意：所有这个乐队五个组员都不不小于20岁。由于背面说是年龄，因此B C都不符合规定，故答案为A。
（5）句意：One Direction第一次出目前群星中并不成功。A成功 B由伤害 C遗憾 根据下文体现他们参与了英国演出秀。但都失败了。证明他们第一次是不成功。故答案为A。
（6）句意：在X音素选秀中，所有他们都失败了。A完毕 B离开 C失败 通过后文中体现所有事情都变化了当他们构成了 One Direction这个乐队可知他们此前选秀是失败，故答案为C。
（7）句意：所有事情都变化了当他们构成了 One Direction这个乐队 A 形成 B 赢得 C 击败 由于背面名词是 One Direction这个乐队，根据常识应当是构成乐队，故答案为A。
（8）句意：他们最终排名第三，和Simon Cowel（X音素创立人）音像企业签约。A 发现 B 创立人 C 发明家 根据常识Simon Cowel应当是X音素创立人，故答案为B。
（9） 句意：当然，粉丝爱好可以很快转变无论什么时候一种新艺术家出现。A 无论怎样 B 无论什么 C 无论何时 本句少是表达时间状语从句引导词，故答案为C。
（10）句意：只有时间可以辨别与否One Direction会和西域牛仔同样持续时间长或者与否时尚将会进入另一种方向。A 与否 B 为何 C 哪里 这是一种宾语从句，根据句子体现这里应当选表达与否引导词，故答案为A。
【点评】本题是一种论述性完形填空，文章不是很好理解，需要一定词汇量和常识才能理解全文，注意上下文联络。

3．完形填空
    It snowed again. My seventh Christmas was round the corner. I dreamed of getting the present from Father Christmas until my elder sister dropped the bomb（炸弹）. "There is no Father Christmas."
    I ran to my grandmother's house, for she always told the truth.
    Grandmother was at home. I told 1 everything. "No Father Christmas?" she was a little 2  "Don't believe it. Put on your coat, and let's go. "
    "Go? Where, Grandma?" I asked.
    "Kerby's Store."
    As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me the dollars and said, "Take the 3 and buy something for someone who needs it. I'll wait for you in the car." Then she turned and walked out of the Kerby's.
    For a few seconds I just stood there, holding the money, wondering 4 to buy, and who to buy it for.
    I thought of 5 I knew, my family, my friends, my neighbours... I suddenly thought of Bobbie Decbar, a 6 with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me 7  Mrs. Polack's class.
     Bobbie 8  went to any party during the winter. His mother always wrote a note, telling the teacher that he had a cough, 9  we all knew that he didn't have a cough, and he didn't have a coat. I decided to buy Bobble a red warm coat 10  he would like.
     That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper and ribbons, and 11 "To Bobbie, from Father Christmas" on it. Grandma told me Father Christmas never let people know that he 12 them. Then she drove me over to Bobbie's home, telling that I was helping Father Christmas 13  the presents.
     Grandma parked the car along the street, and we hid behind the trees near Bobbie's home. Then Grandma said to me, "All right, Father Christmas get going."
     I took a deep breath, rushed to his front door, put the present down 14  the door, rang the doorbell and flew back to the safety of the 15  and Grandma. We waited breathlessly in the dark for the front door to open. Finally it did and there stood Bobbie.
     That night, I realized that Father Christmas was alive and well, and we were on his team.
1. A. him
B. her
C. them
D. you
2. A. angry
B. happy
C. tired
D. afraid
3. A. book
B. coat
C. present
D. money
4. A. what
B. when
C. where
D. how
5. A. everybody
B. nobody
C. somebody
D. anybody
6. A. girl
B. boy
C. man
D. woman
7. A. for
B. on
C. in
D. with
8. A. always
B. often
C. sometimes
D. never
9. A. so
B. if
C. but
D. and
10. A. where
B. that
C. who
D. why
11. A. read
B. say
C. write
D. spell
12. A. helped
B. believed
C. taught
D. made
13. A. give up
B. give away
C. put up
D. put off
14. A. on
B. behind
C. outside
D. over
15. A. shop
B. cars
C. door
D. trees
【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）B；（14）C；（15）D；
【解析】【分析】大意：短文重要讲述了我和奶奶当了一回圣诞老人，给同学 Bobbie送外套故事。
（1）句意：我告诉她所有事情。A他，B她，C他们，D你。根据上文 Grandmother was at home. 奶奶在家，可知此处应用she宾格her。故选B。
（2）句意：她有点生气。A生气，B开心，C累，D胆怯。根据下文 Don't believe it. 别相信它，可知当奶奶听到他人说世界上没有圣诞老人时候是有点生气。故选A。
（3）句意：拿着这钱给需要人买点东西。A书，B外套，C礼品，D钱。根据上文 Grandma handed me the dollars .奶奶给了我美金，可知此处指钱。故选D。
（4）句意：想着该买什么。A什么，B何时，C哪里，D怎样。根据 wondering 4 to buy，可知本空作动词buy宾语，指某物，应用what。故选A。
（5）句意：我想了所有我认识人。A所有人，B没有人，C某人，D任何人。根据下文 my family, my friends, my neighbours... 我家人、朋友和邻居，可知作者想遍了自已认识所有人。故选A。
（6）句意：我忽然想到Bobbie Decbar，一种有着口臭和杂乱头发男孩 。A女孩，B男孩，C男人，D女人。根据下文主语he，可知Bobbie是个男孩。故选B。
（7）句意：上 Polack 女士课时候，他坐在我背面。固定搭配in one's class上某人课。故选C。
（8）句意：Bobbie冬天时候从不参与聚会。A总是，B常常，C偶尔，D从不。根据下文 His mother always wrote a note, telling the teacher that he had a cough .他妈妈总是写请假条告诉老师他得了感冒，可知Bobbie从不参与聚会。故选D。
（9）句意：但我们都懂得他没有得感冒。A因此，B假如，C不过，D和。根据上文 His mother always wrote a note, telling the teacher that he had a cough .他妈妈总是写请假条告诉老师他得了感冒，可知此处为转折，应用转折连词but。故选C。
（10）句意：我决定给Bobbie买一件他会喜欢温暖外套。A哪里，B那个，C谁，D为何。根据 I decided to buy Bobble a red warm coat 10  he would like. ，可知本句为定语从句，连接代词指代warm coat外套，应用that。故选B。
（11）句意：在上面写道“给Bobbie，来自圣诞老公公”。A读，B说，C写，D拼。根据上文提到paper纸，可知应是在上面写。故选C。
（12）句意：奶奶告诉我说圣诞老公公从不让人懂得他协助了他们。A协助，B相信，C教，D做/使。根据上文作者给没有外套Bobbie买外套可知，这是和圣诞老人同样在协助他。故选A。
（13）句意：告诉我我在协助圣诞老人送礼品。A放弃，B赠送，C举起，D延迟。根据the present礼品，可知应是赠送。故选B。
（14）句意：把礼品放在门外。A在上面，B在背面，C外面，D越过。根据 rang the doorbell 按了门铃，可知作者把礼品放在了门外面。故选C。
（15）句意：飞速回到树和奶奶安全地带。A商店，B卡车，C门，D树。根据前文 and we hid behind the trees near Bobbie's home. 我们躲在Bobbie家附近树背面，可知作者把礼品放好后又躲回树背面。故选D。
【点评】考察词汇在篇章中运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等原因。最终通读一遍检查验证。

4．完形填空
    It's very important that we all recycle.In nature,everything 1  again.For example,when an animal dies,it becomes 2  animal's food.Nothing is wasted.But humans have created things like plastic bags which can't be 3  down by nature.Our 4  kills animals and pollutes water and soil. 5  we continue making too much rubbish,the problem will only get worse.If nature can't reuse the rubbish,we must recycle 6  .We should clean up the rubbish we've made because nature can't.
    Recycling is also the right thing to do for another reason.The earth is rich in natural materials like water and trees, 7  these materials are not endless （无尽）.We use up our natural materials 8  faster than the earth is able to reproduce （再生） them.For example,each year we cut 9  more than 6,000 square miles of forest.But it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree 10  .
    Recycling can help us save the earth,so let's take action right now.
1. A. use
B. is using
C. used
D. is used
2. A. another
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
3. A. lain
B. taken
C. put
D. broken
4. A. rubbish
B. nature
C. material
D. food
5. A. When
B. Why
C. If
D. Unless
6. A. them
B. it
C. itself
D. themselves
7. A. or
B. so
C. and
D. but
8. A. very
B. more
C. much
D. many
9. A. out
B. down
C. up
D. into
10. A. grows
B. growing
C. grew
D. to grow
【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）C；（9）B；（10）D；
【解析】【分析】大意：本文重要简介了循环运用重要性。
（1）句意：在自然界,所有东西都可以被再次使用。根据主语everything与动词为动宾关系可知，应用一般目前时被动语态be动词+过去分词，主语everything为三单，be动词用is，use过去分词为used。故选D。
（2）句意为：一只动物死后,变成另一只动物食物。another在此处表达泛指三者或者三者中“此外一种”。故选A。
（3）句意：塑料袋不能被大自然分解。固定搭配break down使（物质）……分解；被动语态中，break过去分词是broken。故选D。
（4）句意为：我们制造垃圾导致动物死亡，污染水源和土壤。根据下文we continue making too much rubbish我们继续制造这样垃圾，可知此处陶坤是rubbish垃圾。故选A。
（5）句意为：假如我们继续制造大量垃圾,问题将会愈加变得愈加严重。连词if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
（6）句意：假如自然无法反复使用这些垃圾，我们必须循环运用它。代词it只带上文不可数名词rubbish。故选B。
（7）句意：地球上自然资源，如水资源、森林资源等非常丰富，但它们并不是无穷无尽。根据前后两句转折关系，可知用连词but。故选D。
（8）句意：我们使用自然能源速度比地球再生速度要快得多。程度副词much用在形容词比较级前，表达加强程度。故选C。
（9）句意：每年我们砍伐超过6000平方千米森林。固定搭配cut down“砍伐”。故选B。
（10）句意：一棵树长大要花25年时间。固定句型it takes some time to do sth.“做某事花费多长时间”。故选D。
【点评】考察词汇在篇章中运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等原因。最终通读一遍检查验证。

5．完形填空
    Once an Arab was traveling in the desert. When the sun went down in the west, he stopped and 1 his tent, made a fire and had a simple meal. When night fell, he 2 down to sleep.
    He had already fallen asleep when he felt a soft 3 on his elbow. He woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent. The camel said," Would you please let me 4 my head in the tent to get warm. It's so cold outside. I won't take up too much 5 ."
    The Arab was a kind-hearted man. "All right, do as you 6 ,"he said. Then he turned on his side and back to sleep.
    It wasn't long 7 he felt a push on his shoulder. It was the camel again. "Dear master," the camel said," my head is quite warm now, but my neck is still cold. Do you mind 8 I keep it inside the tent, too?"
    "No, not at all," the man said. But this time he felt a bit 9 , as the camel had such a long neck. No sooner had he closed his eyes 10 he got a harder push in his side. This time the camel said, "Will you please allow me to bring my front legs inside and warm them up a little?"
    The Arab 11 over to one side of the tent. He made himself as small as he could. It wasn't 12 comfortable, and sleep was now out of the question.
    Soon after that the camel gave him a rough push and said, "The tent is too small for the two of us. 13 , my two back legs are still left in the cold. It is only 14 that you should leave the whole tent to me."
    And with that，the camel 15 the poor man out.
1. A. built
B. made
C. put up
D. set
2. A. laid
B. lay
C. lied
D. went
3. A. touch
B. beat
C. kick
D. bite
4. A. hold
B. place
C. keep
D. reach
5. A. place
B. tent
C. room
D. blanket
6. A. please
B. alike
C. are like
D. want
7. A. after
B. before
C. since
D. then
8. A. whether
B. as
C. that
D. if
9. A. crowded
B. comfortable