2025年中考英语复习专题学案复合句.doc

中考英语复习专题学案---复合句
七 步 教 学 法 学 案
中考英语复习专题讲座---- 复合句
专业，才能做得更好！
合肥市资深英语老师 何佩珊

讲课主题
中考英语复习专题讲座---- 复合句

一、基础点睛
1. Betty, ____has never been abroad, is studying English very well.
A. her B. she C. that D. who
2. He wanted to make sure_______.
A. how we went there by bus
B. where did me go
C. what did we go there
D. when we went there
3. ________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
4. I’ll not ring you up ______ I come back.
A. when B. as C. until D. while
5. Do you know the man whom our teacher ______ just now?
A. shook hands B. shook his hands C. shook hand with D. shook hands with
6. The small mountain village we spent our holiday two years ago lies in Hubei.
A. what B. where C. that D. which
7．_______ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world .
A. What B. It C. Which D. That
8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
9.This is the first time______ here
A. I was B. I will be C. I have been D. I had been

二、扎实小练
1．_____ I had warned him，he was late for school，_____ made him not take the important examination.
A. What；that B. That；which C. Which；that D. As；which
2．______ he comes or not, I will wait until 10p.m.
A. Whenever B. Whether C. If D. Though

3．It was _____ that we wanted to stay here for another two days.
A. such fine weather B. such a fine weather
C. so fine weather D.so fine a weather
4．Perseverance is a kind of quality — and that’s ______ it takes do anything well.
A．what B. that C. which D. why
5．He gave a book to ______ entered the classroom.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
6．John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out________ he phones.
A. as long as B.in order that C. in case
7．The problems now _______ at the meeting is really ______.
A. were discussing；surprised B. being discussed；surprising
C. being discussed；surprised D. were discussing；surprising
8．There isn’t so much pollution in the country _______ in big cities.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
9．The day will soon come_________ man will set foot on another planet.
A. which B. that C. when D. who
10：The book is quite different from ________ I read last month.
A. that B. which C. what D. /

三、考点梳理
考点详解：
从句概念：一种句子在另一种句子中充当成分，充当什么成分就做什么状语。
一、宾语从句
1、宾语从句引导词
（1）宾语从句是陈说句时，常用that引导，that无意义，在口语中和非正式与中常省略。如：
The teacher tells us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.
（2）假如宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般状况下，两者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词宾语时，只用whether。如：
I don’t know if\whether she will come here.
Sorry, I don’t know whether he will come or not
（3）宾语从句是特殊疑问句形式时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：
Could you tell me where the post office is?
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.
注意：虽然宾语从句是特殊疑问词引导，但它语序仍是陈说句形式。

2、宾语从句时态
（1）主句时态是一般目前时，从句谓语动词时态要根据详细状况用对应任何时态。如： Do you know who was talking with her at 8 o’clock last night?
（2）主句时态为一般过去时，从句谓语动词要用对应某一过去时态。如：
He told me that he had been to England twice.
（3）从句表达是客观真理、普遍现象，自然现象时，从句时态一律使用一般目前时。如
She said the sun rises in the east.

3、宾语从句语序
（1）在具有宾语从句复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈说句语序，“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。如：
I want to know when the train left.
（2）
①由do, does, did构成疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do, does, did,且从句中谓
语动词要根据主句时态作出对应变化。如：
Does he sing well? The music teacher asked him.
---> The music teacher asked him if (whether) he sang well.
②假如是will,be , have ,can构成疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到谓语位置上，并根据主句时态作对应变化。如：
Will you be free tomorrow? She asked me.
---> She asked me if (whether) I would be free tomorrow.

4、宾语从句简化
（1）当宾语从句主语和主句主语相似时，且主句谓语动词时hope，wish，decide，agree，choose等时，从句可以简化为不定式。
I hope that I can receive your e-mail. =I hope to receive you e-mail.
（2）当宾语从句主语和主句主语相似，且主句谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问句+不定式”。
She doesn’t know what she should do next. =She doesn’t know what to do next.

5、否认转移
在主从复合句中，当主句主语为第一人称时，谓语动词时think，believe，suppose等时，要将从句否认词转移到主句中，即主句谓语动词用否认形式，而从句谓语动词用肯定形式。
I don’t think he will come with you.
---> I think he will not come with you.
I don’t suppose you are right.
--->I suppose you are not right.

二、状语从句
类型
引导连词
例句
时间状语从句
when, while, as, before, after, since, until,
as soon as
You didn’t look very good when you got up this morning.
条件状语从句
if , as long as , unless
I’ll stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
原
状语从句
because, since, as, for
You can’t g
there alone because you are too young.
目状语从句
so that, in order that

lease say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.
成果状语从句
so....that\such....that
It’s so hot that we want to go swimming.
让步状语从句
t
ough\although, even if, whenever
Even tho
gh he is eighty, the man looks strong and healthy.
比较状语从句
than, as....
s, not as\so...as
He runs as fast as Mike.

1.时间状语从句
（1）当主句是一般未来时态或祈使句，表达未来意义时，从句一般用一般未来时，简称“主将从现”。如：
I’ll ring you as soon as I get up.

(2)when 引导时间状语从句，一般表达主句和从句动作同步发生；before表达主句动作发生在从句之前；after则表达主句动作发生在从句之后；as引导时间状语从句，往往表达主句和从句动作同步发生，不分先后。

(3)until和till引导时间状语从句。
①主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式，表达这一动作或状态一直延续到until\till所示时间为止。如：
I’ll wait for you till you come to see me.
②主句谓语动词时非延续性动词时，用否认形式表达主句动作直到until所示时间才发生。构成句式not...until, 有时不用not，而用其他如never，nothing等表达否认意义词。如：
I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.

(4)since引导时间状语从句，表达“自.....以来”，主句用一般目前时或目前完毕时，从句用一般过去时。构造为：It has been...since+从句\It is ....since+从句。如：
I have worked in this school since I graduated from Beijing University.
It is 10 years since I began to study English.

2.条件状语从句
(1)主句为一般未来时，从句用一般目前时。如：
I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
(2)假如if引导条件状语从句所示前提或条件未来可以实现或正在进行，从句要用目前完毕时或进行时，主句一般用未来时。如：
We will give you a good price if you are thinking of buying it.
(3)”祈使句+and\or+陈说句”中，祈使句在意义上相称于一种条件状语从句。如：
Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
=If you use your head， you’ll find a way.

3. 原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句一般用because、since、as引导。这三个词所示语气依次减弱，用why提问用because来回答。如：
I did that because she told me.
(2)假如状语从句所示原因是人们已知事实，就要用since，而不用as或because。Since在这里意思是“既然”。如：
Since you can’t answer the question, you can ask someone for help.

4.目状语从句
(1)引导目状语从句词或词组有so that， in order that等，谓语中常具有may，might，can，could，will，would等情态动词。如：
He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.
(2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时，可用so as to, in order to。如：
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
=He worked day and night in order to succeed.

5.成果状语从句
(1)由so...that, such...that引导，其区别：
① So+adj\adv+that
② Such+a\an+(adj+)单数名词+that
③ Such+（adj+）复数名词+that
④ Such +(adj+)不可数名词+that
⑤ So +adj+a\an+单数名词+that

She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.
=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.
We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.
(2)so...that 句型否认形式可用简单句too...to或 not...enough to替代。
The peach is so sour that we can’t eat it.
= The peach is too sour to eat.
=The peach is not sweet enough to eat.
三、定语从句
1．具有定语从句复合句基本构造：先行词+关系词+定语从句。定语从句关系词作用：

关系词
作用
先行词
例句
that,
who,
whom
主语、宾语
人
The foreigner who（that） speaks good Chinese is from Canada.
Who was the boy whom you had just talked with?
that
which
主语、宾语
物
I wanted to know which school
t was that you went to.
whose
定语
人、物
We
on’t like the boy whose father is a manager.
when
状语
时间
I still rememb
r the day when you left for Beijing.
where
状语
地点
This is where my mother works.
why
状语
原因
Could you explain the reason why you were late?

2.关系代词使用方法
（1）that既可指人又可指物，可以替代who，whom和which，在从句中作主语，表语或谓语动词宾语，但不能放于介词后，作介词宾语；
（2）which指物，在从句中作主语、表语或谓语动词及介词宾语；
（3）who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语；
（4）whom在从句中宾语；
（5）whose在从句中作定语。
如： A doctor is a person who looks after people’s health.
先行词 主语 谓语 宾语

3.关系副词使用方法
（1）when表达时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the year when you graduated from No.8 Middle School.
（2）why 表达原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表达原因reason一词。
We don’t know the reason why he was so sad.
（3）where表达地点，在定语从句中地点状语。
That is the school where I studied three years ago.
This is the factory where my father works.

四．思维拓展
定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句状况
下列状况中，先行词指物时，只能用that引导，不能用which：
1、先行词是all，little，much，none，everything，nothing等不定代词时。
Is there anything (that) you don’t understand?
Tom told his mother all that had happened.
2、当先行词有the only，the very，the last等修饰时。
This is the only book that I can find.
3、当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。
This is the best book that I have ever read.
4、当先行词有only，all，any修饰时。
I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.
5、当主句是以疑问句which开头特殊疑问句时。
Which is the hotel that you like best？

定语从句中关系代词省略
一般状况下that，which，whom作宾语时可以省略，但如下状况不能省略：
1、关系代词which， whom在从句中作介词宾语并且介词谓语关系代词前时，不能省略。
I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club.
2、that，which，who在从句中作主语时，不能省略。
Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher?

五．易错点拨
1.主将从现原则
（1）在时间和条件状语从句，语法要遵照主将从现原则，即主句时态用是未来时，从句时态要用一般目前时。
If you go to the cinema tomorrow(从句,是目前时态),I will go with you（主句,是未来时）。
When I grow up (从句是一般目前时), I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.(主句是未来时态).
（2）假如主句是祈使句，那么从句一般要用一般目前时
Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.

2.从句语序
注意各类从句用都是从句引导词+陈说句语序。
Does he like apples? I don’t know. ----I don’t know whether he likes apples.
He asks: Is Tom a driver? -----He asks whether Tom is a driver.
Who can answer the question? I want to know.----I want to know who can answer the question.
Whose book is on the desk? We all know.----We all know whose book is on the desk.

六．经典题型
1：________ he went to town, he would have a look at the bookstores.
A. When B. While C. Whenever D. After
2：What a shame ________ you are leaving so soon．
A. that B. which C. what D. whose
3：My question is __________ you’ll go there.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
4：The horse is getting old and cannot run___________ it did．
A. as faster B. so fast than C. so faster as D. so fast as
5：The road is covered with snow．I can't understand______ they insist on going by motorbike．
A. why B. whether C. when D. how
6：Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see______.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
7：I thought her nice and honest _____ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time
8：He’s got himself into a serious situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
9：All the students went to see ____ with her.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter
C. what wrong was D. what was the wrong
10：Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except_________ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others

七．总结梳理
1：_____is expected, the boy succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. As C. That D. Which
2：I’m rushed off my feet all day. I’m trying to get out of the endless business, ________ I find impossible.
A. but B. while C. which D. that
3： ______ we can’t get seems better than _______we have．
A. What；what B. What；that C. That；that D. That；what
4：The film is________ a true story.
A. according to B. according as C. based on D. depended on
5：Peter kept the young plants in the sunshine ____ grow well.
A. so that B. so that they could C. in order to they D. in order he
6：It is ten years _________ he joined the army.
A. since B. after C. that D. when
7：He is the student _______ you think to be worthy of our praise.
A. who B. whom C. he D. him
8：Though he is young, ___________ knows a lot.
A. yet he B. but he C. and he D. however he
9：When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants．
A. what B. which C. when D. that
10：The pile of bones on the plate showed_______.
A. how much chicken the family had eaten
B. how many the family had eaten chicken
C. how much chicken had the family eaten
D. how many had the family eaten chickens

参照答案：
一．基础点睛
1． D: who 试题解析：非限定性定语从句，不能用that，而用who。
2． D: when we went there 试题解析： 宾语从句用陈说句语序。A项中有by bus就不能用how。
3． B: Whether 试题解析： whether表达“与否”之意，引导主语从句时，不用if引导。
4： C: until 试题解析： until既可用于肯定构造，也可用于否认构造。肯定构造意为“到……为止”；否认构造意为“直到……才”。本题主句谓语动词为终止性动词，用了否认句，应译成“直到我回来，我才给你打电话。”
5： D: shook hands with 试题解析： shake hands with sb 是一种有用短语,意为"和……握手"。
6： B: where 试题解析：此题考察是定语从句使用方法。分析句子构造可知，该空所填词要引导定语从句，由此可以排除A，由于what不可以引导定语从句；因从句基本构造主谓宾齐全，因此使用关系副词引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语。故对答案唯有B项。
7： A: What 试题解析：名词性关系代词what引导主语从句，在此处what = the thing which 。 8： B: whatever 试题解析： whatever引导名词性从句，作宾语，意为“无论什么……都”。
9： C: I have been 试题解析：先行词是time, day, month, year等名词时，其定语从句用when引导，但It’s the first (secod, third) time that….是特殊构造，只能用that引导，可以省略。这里that= when。故选C。

二．扎实小练
1． D: As；which 试题解析： 该题考察非限制性定语从句。what不能引导定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句。which可替代前面句子整个或部分内容；as表达"与……一致；正如"之意，可替代前面或背面句子整个或部分内容，常用于as we know／see，as we expected等短语中。as可放在句首或句子中，which只能在句中。故答案应选D。 2. B: Whether 试题解析： Whether与or not连用，引导让步状语从句。
3. A: such fine weather 试题解析： weather[U]n.虽然前面有adj.修饰，也不能加a/an,只能用“such+adj.+[U]n.”构造。
4. A: what 试题解析： what 在表语从句中作takes宾语，构成“It takes sth. to do sth”句型。
5. C: whoever 试题解析： 从句子构造上分析，主句中介词“to”后缺乏宾语，而从句也没有主语，这时肯定要填上一种具有“双重功能”关系性wh-连词。who和whom无此功能，排除之。D项whomever，在这里也不对，故选C。
6. C: in case 试题解析： 本题考察附属连词。由信息句John may phone tonight (约翰也许今晚给我打电话)，可知“我不想出去”，是怕“万一他给我打电话。”as long as意为只要, in order that…表达目。
7. B: being discussed；surprising 试题解析： being discussed作后置定语，修饰the problems。sth. is surprising。
8. C: as 试题解析：先行词前若有so/such/the same等词时其关系词应用as。
9. C: when 试题解析： when引导从句修饰day，表达时间。
10. C: what 试题解析： what引导从句作from宾语。这里what相称于the book(the One which／that／省略关系代词)。

六．经典题型
1： C: Whenever 试题解析： 选C。whenever意为“每当，无论何时”，等于no matter when。
2： A: that 试题解析： 此题考察shame使用方法。a shame意为a pity，表达“令人遗憾事；令人惋惜事”。一般跟that引导从句。如：It’s a shame that you are 1ate again．What a shame that you are late again．还可以跟不定式。如：It is a shame for you to be late again．
3： B: whether 试题解析： 由语境可知该空引导从句，表达“与否”，因此应填whether而不能填if。 4： D: so fast as 试题解析： 这里是比较状语从句，as…as和not so…as中间只能接形容词和副词原级。
5： A: why 试题解析： 本题考察宾语从句引导词。根据语句意义，选A比较恰当。句子意思是：路面上覆盖满了雪，我不明白他