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-主谓一致知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)经典1
一、主谓一致
1.Neither you nor he _________good at drawing.
A.are B.is C.be
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你和他都不擅长绘画。Neither ···nor···,“既不···也不···,既非···也非···”连接两个并列主语时,应遵照“就近原则”。句子中就近主语是he ,谓语动词用is,排除A、C,答案是B。
2.Fifty percent of my monthly pocket money _________ spent on entertainment.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我每月零花钱中50%花费在了娱乐上。am用于主语为第一人称I时候;is用于主语是单数时;are用于主语是复数时;be是am, is和are原形。该句主语为Fifty percent of my monthly pocket money,分数或者百分数+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词单复数形式应与名词形式一致,这里money是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数,故应选B。
3.--What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang?
--Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifths; is B.Two fifth; is C.Two fifths; are D.Two fifth; are
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你认为这里环境怎么样?——棒极了!五分之二陆地被树木和草所覆盖。根据选项可知,第一种空所缺词为分数;分数体现法为分子基数词,分母序数词,分子不小于1,分母加s,因此五分之二体现措施为two fifths,排除B,D;分数背面名词为land,又知land意为“陆地,土地”,为不可数名词,根据主谓一致原则,因此第二个空缺处应用is,故答案选A。
点睛:“分数或百分数+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词单复数形式取决于名词,假如是单数名词或不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;假如是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。如:Two fifths of the machines on display are new items. 展出机器有五分之二是新产品。 70% of the meat has gone bad. 70%肉都变质了。
4.— He, together with his parents ______going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you?
— I'm afraid I have to stay at home _ _.
A.are; on my own B.is, by myself C.is; by my own D.are; on myself
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
就远原则与by oneself使用方法。介词with后谓语动词应和它前面主语he一致,故A,D错。by oneself是“独自”意思。故选择B。
5.—Why are you walking so quickly, Edward?
—There_____ a talent show in ten minutes.
A.will have B.will be
C.is going to have D.are going to be
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考点:考察一般未来时。
【详解】
试题分析:句意:——你为何走那么快,爱德华?——十分钟后就有个才艺演出。根据时间状语in then minutes十分钟后,句子要用一般未来时;句型there be有……;其一般未来时构造为there will be或there is/are going to be,根据主语a talent show单数,因此用is,故C和D不对,故选B。
6.There __________ a sport meet next week if it __________.
A.is going to have; doesn’t rain B.is going to be; doesn’t rain
C.is going to be; won’t rain D.is going to have; won’t rain
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如不下雨,下周将有一种运动会。这是一种there be构造一般未来时态,其构造是:There is/are going to be;A、D错;后半部分是if引出条件状语从句,主句谓语是一般未来时态时,条件状语从句要用一般目前时态。故选B。
考点:考察条件状语从句及there be构造。
7.-Lucy, there _________too many things on the desk. What a mess!
-Sorry, Mum. I'll put them away.
A.have B.is C.are
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——露西,在桌子上有许多东西。真乱!——对不起,妈妈,我将把他们收起来。A. have有;B. is是;单数;C. are是,复数。这里是there be句型,主语是too many things是复数,be动词用are。根据题意,故选C。
8.. In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown.
A.have been B.were C.had been D.are
【答案】A
【解析】
略
9.Joe has ______ for ten years. Ten years ______ a long time.
A.left; is B.left; are
C.been away; is D.been away; are
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:Joe离开十年了。十年是一种很长时间。和表达一段时间短语for ten years连用要用延续状态been away;Ten years看作是一种整体,故用is,据题意,故选C。
考点:考察动词。
10.-There______many trees at the foot of the mountain.
--But now they are slowly disappearing because of human activities.
A.is used to
B.used to
C.used to be
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:――过去山脚下有许多树。――不过目前由于人类活动,它们正慢慢地消失。used to +动词原形,表达过去常常;be used to doing sth表达习惯于做某事;be used to do sth 表达被用于做某事。根据句意,本题表达过去常常用,用used to+动词原形。前句是there be构造,重要动词是be。故选C。
【考点定位】 考察助动词辨析。
11.The photo ________ taken by my brother last week is very nice.
A.which B.that is C.that were D.which was
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:上周被我弟弟拍那张照片非常好看。此题考察定语从句。根据句意,应选D。
考点:考察定语从句。
12.The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them
about science.
A.is B.was C.are D.Were
【答案】C
【解析】
考察动词使用方法。根据第一句中谓语动词“is(一般目前时)”可推断出第二句时态也应是一般目前时,故保留A和C项;由短语“a number of...”谓语动词是复数,故选C。
13. of the coats made of cotton. They feel comfortable.
A.Two-thirds; is B.Two-thirds; are
C.Two-third; is D.Two –third; are
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:这些衣服三分之二是由棉布制成,他们感觉起来很舒适。基数词+序数词合适形式,表达分数,作主语时,根据其后接词而定,假如为不可数名词,则相称于单数,假如其后接为可数名词复数形式,则相称于复数,根据句意及构造,故选B
考点:考察分数使用方法。
14.―Why are you in such a hurry, John?
―There ________ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes.
A.is going to be B.is going to have C.will have D.will hold
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:约翰,你为何这样急?十分钟后三班和我们班有一场篮球赛。there be句型未来时用there is going to be/ there will be,不可和have同步出现,故选A
考点:there be 句型未来时
点评:there be 句型是初中英语重要语法点 ,there be句型构造为:there + be +名词(主语)+地点副词/介词短语(表达地点),表达某个地方存在某物或某人,要注意谓语动词与近来名词数保持形式一致。此外there be 与have不能同步出目前句子中。have/has则体现某一种人拥有某样东西。
15.一Which would you prefer, orange juice or coffee?
一Either OK, but I prefer coffee milk.
A.are; to B.is; to C.are; with D.is; with
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——你喜欢哪一种,橙汁还是咖啡?——两种都可以,但我喜欢加牛奶咖啡。考察系词和介词辨析题。either是两者择一,属于三单人称,系词需用is,可排除AC选项。短语prefer sth. to sth.:比……更喜欢……;coffee with milk加牛奶咖啡,with表伴随。根据上文“两种都可以”可知“我喜欢加牛奶咖啡”;故选D。
16.Everyone except Tom and Jim _______ going to visit some friends in Shenzhen.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:除了汤姆和吉姆之外,每个人都会去拜访在深圳某些朋友。Except意为“除了”,引起构造跟在主语背面,不能看作是并列主语,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式,本句主语是everyone,不定代词,谓语动词用be动词单数is,故选A。
【点睛】
as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起构造跟在主语背面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导插入语影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如:1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
17.Alice, together with her classmates punished for breaking the school rules last week.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:艾丽斯和她同学上周因违反校规而受到惩罚。考察一般过去时和主谓一致。根据last week可知句子时态应用一般过去时,排除A、B选项;together with her classmates在句中作状语,主语是Alice,第三人称单数,因此谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式,排除D选项;故答案选C。
18.There _________ a great concert in the theater next Saturday evening.
A.is B.will have
C.is going to be D.was
【答案】C
【解析】
句意“下个星期六晚上在剧院有一场大型音乐会”。there be表达“有”,且不和have连用,根据next Saturday evening可知,用一般未来时,故选C。
19.There a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow afternoon.
A.is B.has C.will be D.will have
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:明天下午在8班和12班之间将有一场篮球比赛。A. is是,单数;B. has有,第三人称单数;C. will be将是;D. will have将有。这里是there be句型,不能出现have/has,排除BD;根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon.可知用一般未来时,其构造是there will be+主语+介词短语。根据题意,故选C。
20.______ Tony ______ Frank likes the CD.They think the music is too noisy.
A.Not only; but also B.Either; or
C.Neither; nor D.Both; and
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:托尼不喜欢,福兰克也不喜欢这张唱片,他们认为音乐太吵闹了。A. Not only; but also……不仅……并且。与后句矛盾,错;B. Either; or或者……或者……:与后句矛盾,错;C. Neither; nor……既不……也不;D. Both; and……和……都,与后句句意矛盾,错。故选C。
考点:考察连词辨析。
21.The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school. (易错题)
A.is taken B.are taken C.take D.takes
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:在这所特殊学校,没有父母孩子受到老师很好照顾。动作承受者作主语用被动语态。其构造是,主语+be+done.without parents,介词短语不能做主语,该句主语是child,是单数,故选A。
考点:考察被动构造及主谓一致使用方法。
22.______of the students in our class ______ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A.Two-fifths, are B.Second-fifths, are
C.Two-fifths, is D.Second-fifths, is
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们班五分之二学生将要去下周在北京夏令营。分数体现方式是:用基数词+序数词表达,假如分子不小于1,分母则要用复数形式,因此Two-fifths是对体现方式,分数引导短语作主语,其谓语动词数应根据分数背面名词students来确定。因此选用be动词复数形式,故选A。
点睛:全面总结一下分数体现方式:首先,分数是由基数词和序数词构成——分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子超过“1”时,分母用复数。1/4 可写作a [one] fourth,也可写作 a [one] quarter,分数引导短语作主语,其谓语动词数应根据分数背面名词来确定。
23.The number of the volunteers in our city ____3,000. And fifty percent of them ____ students.
A.is, is B.are, is C.is, are
【答案】C
【解析】句意“我们都市志愿者数量是3000人,其中50%是学生”。“the number of+主语”,表达“……数量”,谓语动词用单数,排除B。百分数做主语时,谓语要和百分数后名词或代词保持一致,此处为them,用复数,故选C。
点睛:a number of(大量)+名词复数+复数谓语;the number of(……数量) +名词复数+单数谓语
24.—This pair of shoes _______ really small for me.
—Why not try _________ pair?
A.is, another B.are, another C.is, other D.are, other
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:-这双鞋对我来讲真小。-为何不试另一双呢?a pair of构造在句子里作主语时,谓语数与pair一致。前句里pair是单数,be用单数is。Another指不确定数目中另一种,再一种;other指别,其他,后接可数名词复数。后句描述是“另试一双”,指不确定数目中另一种,再一种,用another。故选A。
点睛:another指不确定数目中另一种,再一种;other常作形容词,后可以跟名词;the other指两者中剩余另一种;others是other复数形式,体现复数含义,后不能跟名词。The others则指剩余所有。
25.—E-mail,, along with mobile phones, _______ playing an important part in our daily communication.
—Yes,and they are used more and more widely these days.
A.are B.is C.was D.were
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-电子邮件,尚有手机在我们平常交流中起着重要作用。-是,并且目前他们使用得越来越广泛了。are是,be动词形式,主语为复数;is是,be动词形式,主语为单数;was是is过去式;were是are过去式。根据句意可知,他们谈论是目前时态,这里应使用目前进行时态,先排除C和D。这句话主语是E-mail, along with mobile phones,谓语动词单复数形式应跟along with前名词一致,这里应用单数,故选B。
26.Kangkang as well as his parents return hometown this weekend.
A.is ready to B.were ready to C.are ready to
【答案】A
【解析】句意:康康和他父母准备这个周末回家乡。as well as连接并列主语,谓语根据第一种主语来判断,第一种主语Kangkang是第三人称单数,故谓语用第三人称单数is ready to,故选A。
27.600 dollars a month ________ not enough to live on.
A.are B.is C.have
【答案】B
【解析】句意:每月600美元局限性以维持生活。enough足够,形容词,和be动词一起做表语, be enough to do:足够做某事;时间,距离和金钱做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,本句主语600 dollars a month是金钱,可知选B。
28.—Whose iPhone7 is that?
—I think it _____. I heard that he has just bought a new one.
A.is Tom’s B.is Tom C.belong to Tom
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:——那是谁iPhone7?——我认为它是汤姆,我听说他刚买了一种新。A. is Tom’s 是汤姆; B. is Tom 是汤姆; C. belong to Tom属于汤姆,因从句主语是it单三,谓语动词用单数形式,因此排除C;故选A
29.Dad, this phone is ringing, I guess either you or Mum on the phone.
A.want B.are wanted
C.wants D.is wanted
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我猜电话或者是找你或者是找妈妈。主语you or Mum是want承受者,故句子用被动语态;either … or …连接并列主语,谓语动词根据就近原则故用is,故选D。
考点:考察一般目前时被动语态。
30.--What are you going to do two days?
--Not only LI Jun but also I about to prepare for the coming sports meeting.
A.in; am B.for; are C.in; are
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——两天后你要做什么?——不仅李军尚有我在为运动会做准备。考察介词以及人称。In two days 表达在两天后,第二个空“不仅,并且”是就近原则,因此主语是I,谓语用am。故选A
31.More than one boy _________ to play badminton with girls in our class.
A.choose B.is choosing C.are choosing D.chooses
【答案】D
【解析】句意:不止一种男孩选择和我们班女生打羽毛球。choose动词,选择;is choosing正选择;are choosing正选择;chooses动词三单,选择。根据语义可知,本句使用一般目前时态。more than one 表达“不止一种”,后接单数名词,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用三单形式。故选:D。
点睛:注意“主谓一致性”原则,判断主语单复数含义,牢记 “more than one+名词单数”
“one of +名词复数”等类似短语单数含义。
32.How time flies! We'll graduate. Three years _______ really a short time.
A.was B.are C.is
【答案】C
【解析】句意:时间过得真快啊!我们将要毕业了。三年真很短。考察主谓一致。时间作主语时谓语动词用单数。根据上文How time flies! We'll graduate.是一般目前时,结合句意和语境可知用一般目前时,故选C。
点睛: 在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。表达“时间、重量、长度、价值,距离”等名词复数作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,这是由于作主语名词在概念上是一种整体,如:Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 对于这项工作三十分钟就够了。
33.On no-car day, ____________ students ____________ teachers are allowed to drive to school.
A.either; or B.not only; but also
C.neither; nor D.both; and
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:在无车日,学生和老师都不被容许开车去学校。either; or 或者,或者; not only; but also不仅,并且; neither; nor 既不,也不; both; and……和……都;根据On no-car day可知此处表达无车日,因此都不开车,故选C。
34.--_________a clock on the wall. It _______ three hands.
A.There has, has B.There’s, has
C.There have, has D.There has , have
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——在墙上有一种钟表。它有三条腿。There be+主语+介词短语,表达某处有某物;主语是单数,这里be动词用is;主语是it,这里谓语动词have要变第三人称单数。根据题意,故选B。
点睛:there be句型与have(has) 区别:there be 表达在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表达某人拥有某物。
35.--Where is Grace?
--She with her brother playing basketball at school.
A.is practice B.is practicing C.are practicing D.are practice
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:——格雷斯在哪里?——她正在和她哥哥在学校练习打篮球。be后跟目前分词,构成目前进行时态,此句主语为she,with her brother做状语,be用is,故答案为B。
点睛:主语为单数名词或代词,尽管背面跟有with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football. 迈克像他哥哥同样喜欢踢足球。
36.They each a book. Each of them from China.
A.has , are B.have ,is C.are having , are D.is having ,is
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:他们每人均有一本书。他们中每个人都来自中国。第1句中they做主语,用复数;第二句中each of---做主语,谓语动词用单数。故选B。
37.________ Jim________ Sue may go camping with you on Tuesday, because they are not allowed to go out on school days.
A.Either… or
B.Neither… nor
C.Both… and
D.Not only… but also
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:吉姆和苏星期二,都不能和你去野餐,由于他们,在上学日子是不容许出去。A. Either… or 或者……或者; B. Neither… nor 都不;C. Both… and都;D. Not only… but also不仅……并且。根据句意,故选B。
考点:考察连词使用方法。
38.---Brian does work hard.
---Yes. of his time been spent on studies every day.
A.Four fifths;has B.Four fifths;have
C.Four five;has D.Four five;have
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:——布莱恩学习很刻苦。——是,每天五分之四时间都用在学习上。分数用“基数词+序数词”表达,复数形式在序数词背面加s。分数百分数作主语时,关键看背面名词与否可数来决定单复数,time 不可数,故选A。
考点:考察分数体现及主谓一致。
39.Mr Li, together with his children, the museum. They will be back this afternoon.
A.have gone to B.have been to
C.has been to D.has gone to
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意为:李先生和他孩子去了博物馆。他们将今天下午回来。have been to表达去过某地,人已经回来;have gone to 表达去了某地,人未回来。此外,这里主语为Mr Li,,属于第三人称单数,with his children为介词短语,表达伴随。根据主谓一致原则,故应选D。
考点:考察主谓一致问题。
40.Everyone in Class 4 _______ TV on Sundays.
A.watches B.to watch
C.watching D.watched
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:在星期天四班每个人看电视。watches是动词watch第三人称单数;to watch动词不定式,作宾语或目状语;watching目前分词,作宾语或伴随状语;watched动词watched过去式,用于一般过去时。根据时间状语on Sundays可知此处用于一般目前时,主语everyone是第三人称单数,故谓语用第三人称单数watches。故选A。
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