2025年英语高考英语语法填空基础练习题含解析.doc

【英语】高考英语语法填空基础练习题含解析

一、高中英语语法填空
1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容（1个单词）或括号内单词对形式。
    The Mid-Autumn Day is a very important traditional festival in China. It takes its name from the fact that it ________(celebrate) in the middle of the autumn season. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the ________ (eight) lunar month. The day is known as the Moon Festival, as at that time of the year the moon is at its roundest and ________(bright). It is an evening celebration in ________ families gather together and eat moon cakes. Besides, ________(make) the house more beautiful, people will hang red lanterns in front of it. On that day, people look back on the past and look forward to the future together. Children will play with their own ________(toy) and enjoy themselves.
    The Mid-Autumn Festival celebrations date back ________ more than 2,000 years. The word "Mid-Autumn" first ________(appear) in the famous ancient book Zhou Li. However, it was not until the early Tang Dynasty that people celebrated the day as a traditional festival. It became an ________(official) established festival during the Song Dynasty, and has become as popular as the Spring Festival since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Celebrations have continued ever since and more customs for ________(mark) this occasion have been formed.
【答案】 is celebrated；eighth；brightest；which；to make；toys；to；appeared；officially；marking
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了中秋节。阐明了中秋节时间、节日活动以及节日历史。
（1）考察时态语态。句意：它名字来源于它是在秋季中期举行庆祝活动。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实应用一般目前时。主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is celebrated。
（2）考察数词。句意：中秋节在农历八月十五。中秋节是在农历“第八个”月份，故应用序数词“第八”eighth。故填eighth。
（3）考察形容词。句意：这一天被称为中秋节，由于在一年这个时候，月亮是最圆最亮。根据上文roundest and可知应填形容词最高级，表达“最亮”，故填brightest。
（4）考察定语从句。句意：这是一种晚上庆祝活动，家人聚在一起吃月饼。本句为“介词+关系代词”构造定语从句修饰先行词an evening celebration，且做介词in宾语，指“庆祝”活动应用关系代词which。故填which。
（5）考察非谓语动词。句意：此外，为了使房子更漂亮，人们会在房子前面挂红灯笼。本句中make做非谓语动词，表目应用不定式。故填to make。
（6）考察名词。句意：孩子们会玩自已玩具，玩得很开心。toy为可数名词，根据上文their可知玩具不止一种应用复数形式。故填toys。
（7）考察介词。句意：中秋节庆祝活动可以追溯到数年前。date back to固定短语，“追溯到”，故填to。
（8）考察时态。句意：“中秋”一词最早出目前著名古籍《周礼》中。此处描述“中秋”一词最早出现，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。
（9）考察副词。句意：它在宋朝成为正式确立节日，自明清以来就和春节同样流行。修饰动词establish应用副词，故填officially。
（10）考察非谓语动词。句意：从那后来，庆祝活动一直在继续，并形成了更多纪念这一时刻习俗。for为介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填marking。
【点评】本题考点波及时态语态，数词，形容词，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，介词，副词，非谓语动词等多种知识点考察，是一篇文化类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.
【答案】 the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗透到我们生活方方面面。在环境科学与技术一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒长度不大于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。重要诱因是饮用瓶装水。
（1）考察冠词。句意：自从19第一种完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。
（2）考察时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料无数用途。since引导时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用目前完毕时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。
（3）考察代词。句意：它已经渗透我们工具、我们衣服甚至我们身体。way是名词，此处应当用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。
（4）考察形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。
（5）考察形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒长度不大于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。
（6）考察名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康影响尚不清晰。根据the health是主语一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。
（7）考察副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下塑料碎片实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。
（8）考察介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。
（9）考察定语从句。句意：瓶装水在平常饮食中添加塑料量是自来水32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in宾语，故此处填which。故填which。
（10）考察非谓语动词。句意：瓶装水在平常饮食中添加塑料量是自来水32倍多。分析句子可知，the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。
【点评】本题考点波及冠词，时态，代词，形容词，名词，介词，副词，定语从句以及非谓语动词等多种知识点考察，是一篇环境保护类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

3．语法填空
    Many of the earth's plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species become ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth.
    Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution.
    I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).
【答案】 Died；endangered；alone；forests；a；losing；to protect；from；which/that；built
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，地球上诸多动、植物已经灭绝，一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境，我们应当采用措施保护野生动植物。
（1）考察时态。句意：地球上诸多动、植物已经灭绝。根据句意可知句子用目前完毕时态，故填died。
（2）考察非谓语动词。句意：一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境。endangered为形容词化分词形式，意为“濒临灭绝”，故填endangered。
（3）考察形容词。句意：假如没有采用措施，我们也许发现我们自已在地球上独自存在。alone “独自，单独”，答案为alone。
（4）考察名词。句意：野生动物生活在被人正在毁掉森林里。根据句意可著名词用复数形式，故答案为forests。
（5）考察冠词。as a result固定短语，“成果”，故填a。
（6）考察时态。句意：动物正在失去它们栖息地。句子用目前进行时态，故填losing。
（7）考察非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式做目状语，故填to protect。
（8）考察介词。keep sb. from doing sth.固定短语，“制止某人做某事”，故填from。
（9）考察定语从句。句意：关闭污染河流和空气工厂。此处factories是先行词，指物，在背面定语从句中做主语，故填which/that。
（10）考察语态。句意：我认为还应当建立更多野生动物保护区。根据句意可知句子用含情态动词被动语态，故填built。
【点评】本题考点波及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，名词，冠词，时态，介词，定语从句以及语态等多种知识点考察，是一篇环境保护类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

4．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式。
    Who are better at science in your class, girls or boys? These years, girls start to show more interest in the ________ (subject) of science, technology, engineering and Maths (STEM), according to a recent study from the UK.
    In the study, every year over the last seven years, over 20,000 students ________ were in their final year in high school were surveyed. As for university courses, ________ number of girls considering choosing STEM subjects has a ________ (big) increase than that of boys. Over one-fifth of the girls surveyed said they were considering jobs ________ (relate) to STEM, such as engineers. And the interest in engineering and science has also risen.
    This is an important change for women in the UK. But at present, there are not nearly as many women ________ men studying STEM subjects or working in the STEM fields. Only 13%～22% of people who graduate ________ university with STEM degrees are women. And women are seen only one in eight STEM jobs.
    Are men really more suited to STEM work than women? Of course not. This is ________ (part) because of the conventional idea, which means many people think so, even though it is not correct.
    "It is important that young women should ________ (encourage) to get into these jobs. In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do ________ (we) good. It offers women chances of taking up fantastic careers and they will get higher pay in these areas," said Niki Yates, manager of GSK's business.
【答案】 subjects；who/that；the；bigger；related；as；from；partly；be encouraged；us
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，根据英国近来一项研究，近年来，女孩开始对科学、技术、工程和数学等学科体现出更大爱好。鼓励年轻妇女从事这些工作是很重要。
（1）考察名词。句意：你们班女生和男生谁更擅长理科?根据英国近来一项研究，近年来，女孩开始对科学、技术、工程和数学等学科体现出更大爱好。根据下文“science, technology, engineering and Maths”可知是复数意义，用名词复数，因此填subjects。
（2）考察定语从句。_____ were in their final year in high school是一种定语从句，20,000 students是先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，因此填who/that。
（3）考察冠词。句意：在大学课程方面，考虑选择STEM专业女生人数比男生人数增长得更多。the number of固定短语，“……数目”，因此填the。
（4）考察形容词。句意：在大学课程方面，考虑选择STEM专业女生人数比男生人数增长得更多。根据than that of boys可知这里用比较级，因此填bigger。
（5）考察非谓语动词。句意：超过五分之一受访女孩表达，她们正在考虑从事与STEM有关工作，例如工程师。“工作”和“与……有关”是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，因此填related。
（6）考察连词。句意：但目前，学习STEM学科或在STEM领域工作女性远没有男性多。as many…as固定短语，“和.....同样多”，故填as。
（7）考察介词。文中表达“从大学毕业”，graduate from固定短语，“从…毕业”，因此填from。
（8）考察副词。句意：这在一定程度上是由于老式观念，这意味着诸多人都这样认为，尽管它并不对。修饰整个句子，用副词，因此填partly。
（9）考察语态。句意：鼓励年轻妇女从事这些工作是很重要。young women和encourage之间是被动关系，用被动语态，情态动词should后，用动词原形，因此填be encouraged。
（10）考察代词。句意：学习科学对我们有好处。该空作do宾语，用宾格，因此填us。
【点评】本题考点波及名词，定语从句，冠词，形容词，非谓语动词，连词，介词，副词，语态以及代词等多种知识点考察，是一篇社会现象类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    I remember well the first time I saw Dr. Homes. He had invited Miss Sullivan and me________(call)on him one day.
    It was early in the spring, just after I had learned to speak. We________(show)at once to his library where we found him seated in a big armchair by an open fire. There was a smell of print and leather in the room________told me that it was full of books, and I stretched out my hand________(gentle) to find them. My fingers lighted upon a beautiful series ________Tennyson's poems, and when Miss Sullivan told me________it was I began to recite.
    But I________(stop) suddenly. I felt tears on my hand. I had made my ________ (love) poet weep, and I felt a deep________(sad). He then made me sit in his armchair,________(bring) me different interesting things for me to examine, and at his request I recited other my favorite poems. After that I saw Dr. Holmes many times and learned to love the man as well as the poet.
【答案】 to call；were shown；which/that；gently；of；what；stopped；loved/beloved；sadness；bringing
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自海伦凯勒自传小说《假如给我三天光明》。作者讲述了自已很清晰地记得第一次见到奥利佛·温代尔·霍尔姆斯博士时情景。
（1）考察非谓语动词。句意:他邀请我和苏立文小姐去他家做客。invite somebody to do something,固定短语，“邀请某人做......”动词不定式做宾语补足语,故填to call。
（2）考察时态语态。句意:我们立即被人领到了他图书馆,他坐在图书馆里大扶手椅上,靠着壁炉。句子主语:We,因此是被他人领着,应当用被动语态,作者回忆已经发生过事情,因此时态用过去式,故填were shown。
（3）考察定语从句。句意:房子里面有一股油墨和皮革味道,这里显然到处都是书。背面定语从句修饰先行词smell,指物,关系代词在从句中做主语,故填which/that。
（4）考察副词。句意:于是我轻轻地伸手探索起来。副词修饰动词"stretched out",因此填gentle副词形式,故填gently。
（5）考察介词。句意:我指尖无意中落在了Tennyson一套诗集上。a series of,固定短语“一套”故填of。
（6）考察宾语从句。句意:当Miss Sullivan把诗集名字告诉我后来,我就开始背诵。动词told后跟宾语从句,宾语从句中缺乏was表语,诗集叫什么？故填what。
（7）考察时态。句意:忽然间,我停止了背诵。作者回忆已经发生过事情,时态应为一般过去式,故填stopped。
（8）考察形容词。句意:我已经使我所钟爱诗人落泪。形容词修饰名词poet,因此填love形容词形式,故填loved/beloved。
（9）考察名词。句意:我也感到了巨大忧伤。冠词和形容词都提醒应当填名词,因此要填sad名词形式,故填sadness。
（10）考察非谓语动词。句意:他让我坐在他扶手椅上,同步,他还拿出了诸多有趣东西让我查验。he与bring在逻辑上是积极关系,因此应当用bring目前分词做伴随状语。故填bringing。
【点评】本题考点波及非谓语动词，时态语态，定语从句，副词，介词，宾语从句，名词以及形容词等多种知识点考察，是一篇故事类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

6．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式。
    When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed________(it) wording – using "global heating" instead of "global warming" , after scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a "climate emergency", ________(become)the first parliament to do so.
    If with "global warming", we're still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of "global heating" is like heading to a point ________ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme________ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher________ (frequent). There is no denying that we're entering a climate emergency.
    Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations," but now it's ________(definite) our issue, ________shift we all are living together.
    However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution – if there are any solutions left to find. The UK's Labor leader Jeremy urged that "we ________(take) rapid and dramatic action now".
    Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.
【答案】 its；to rise；becoming；where；weathers/weather；frequency；definitely；the；through/across；(should)take
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，谈到气候变化，语言确实很重要。今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》变化了它措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。
（1）考察代词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》变化了它措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。文中表达"它措辞"，因此填its。
（2）考察非谓语动词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》变化了它措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。set to do固定短语，“开始做”，故填to rise。
（3）考察非谓语动词。句意：5月1日，英国议会宣布进入"气候紧急状态"，成为第一种这样做议会。become逻辑主语是the UK parliament，它们之间是积极关系，用目前分词作状语，因此填becoming。
（4）考察定语从句。句意：假如在"全球变暖"状况下，我们仍然在自已舒适区处理这种状况，进入"全球变热"状态，就像走向一种点，大自然微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多，没有回头路。  4  the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back.是一种定语从句，先行词是a point，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此填关系副词where。
（5）考察名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词，单数或复数均可，因此填weathers/weather。
（6）考察名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高频率发生。介词之后，用名词，因此填frequency。
（7）考察副词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响也许会被视为未来几代人问题，但目前这绝对是我们问题，我们都生活在一起转变。修饰整个句子，用副词，因此填definitely。
（8）考察冠词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响也许会被视为未来几代人问题，但目前这绝对是我们问题，我们都生活在一起转变。特指"这个转变"，用定冠词，因此填the。
（9）考察介词。句意：然而，仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够。get through /across固定短语，“理解”，故填through/across。
（10）考察虚拟语气。that we  10  ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一种宾语从句，urge之后宾语从句，宾语从句中用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略虚拟语气，因此填(should)take。
【点评】本题考点波及代词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，副词，冠词，介词以及虚拟语气等多种知识点考察，是一篇文化类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years ________ the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols ________ (carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
    By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols ________ (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, ________ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, ________, changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.
    Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one ________ (unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great ________ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate ________ (easy) in writing.
    Written Chinese has also become an important means by ________ China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic ________ (work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligrap