孕期保健英文PPT-含四步触诊法.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Prenatal care,Prenatal care,Purpose,：,Nurses make an examination to the pregnant women and the fetus in order to understand their health condition and provide them with comprehensive nursing.,Requirements,:,There are nine times in the whole obstetric examination,.,Peforming at 20,th,、24,th,、28,th,、32,nd,、36,th,、37,th,、38,th,、39,th,and 40th week.,Prenatal care,Obstetric status,Abdominal examination,A nurse should first ensure that the woman has recently emptied her bladder.If she has not,she may need to have a straight urinary catheter inserted to empty it if she is unable to micturate herself.,The woman should lie on her bed and draw her knees up a little.,Step 1Inspection,:,Observing the size、shape of her abdomen,Step 2Palpation,:,Measuring fundus height and abdominal circumference(AC),Loepolds maneuver,Step 3Auscultation,:,Listen to the fetal heart tone near the fetal back,Prenatal care,Loepolds maneuver,First maneuver,:,Perform the,first loepolds maneuver to,identify the fetal lie,which maybe longitudinal,or transverse and fetal presentation,which may be cephalic or vertex or maybe breech.To do this,lightly palpate the womans upper abdomen to identify the fetal part in the fundus.,Prenatal care,A,Loepolds maneuver,First maneuver,:,If the part is relatively soft and,irregular,youre palpating the,buttocks,if the part feels round and firm,freely moveable,youre palpating the fetal head.If you feel head or buttocks in the fundus,the lie is longitudinal.Otherwise,the lie is transverse.,Prenatal care,A,Loepolds maneuver,Second maneuver,:,Next,perform the second maneuver to further identify the fetal presentation.Using the palm of one hand,locate the fetal back by the smooth back convex contour.With the opposite palm,feel for the irregularities that are the feet,hands,and other small parts.,Prenatal care,B,Loepolds maneuver,Fourth maneuver:,Face the womans feet,to,perform the fourth maneuver to,assess the descent of the presenting part.With the palmar surface of your fingertips,outline the presenting part,which is usually the fetal head.If the presenting part has descended deeply,you may be able to outline only a small portion of it.,Prenatal care,D,Measurement of pelvis,Interspinal diameter,:normal value is 2326cm,Intercristal diameter,:normal value is 2528cm,External conjugate,:normal value is 1820cm,Intertuberal diameter,:average 9cm,Prenatal care,Obstetric status,Symptoms,Nausea and vomiting,Urinary frequency,Edema,Varicosities legs and vulva,Constipation:familiar symptom,Heartburn or pyrosis,Leg cramp:happened at night,Backache,Supine hypotensive syndrome:take left-side lying position,Prenatal care,Nursing diagnosis,Pregnant woman,altered comfort,fluid volume excess,knowledge deficit,anxiety,Fetus,altered nutrition:more/less than body requirements,risk for injury,Prenatal care,THE,END,Prenatal care,