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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,选修8 Unit 2 Cloning,第1页,重点单词,1._,adj,.商业；贸易,2._,adj,.简单；直接；坦率,3._,vt,.(undertook;undertaken)着手；从事；负担,_,n,.任务；事业,4._,n,.突破,5._,n,.程序；步骤；手续,6._,vt,.扔；投；掷,7._,adv,.总共；完全地,8._,adj,.任意,commercial,straightforward,undertake,undertaking,breakthrough,procedure,cast,altogether,arbitrary,学生用书见P,190,第2页,重点单词,11._,vi,.反对；不赞成,_,n,.不赞成；反对；异议,_,adv,.真实；客观；无偏见,_(,pl,.)媒介；伎俩；工具,13._,vt,.取得；赢得,_,adj,.可取得；能取得,14._,adj,.道德（上）；伦理,15._,vt,.禁止；不准,16._,vt,.积累；聚积,17._,vt,.欠（账，钱，人情等）；归功于,18._,adv,.立刻；很快,object,objection,objective,media,obtain,obtainable,moral,forbid,accumulate,owe,shortly,第3页,重点单词,19._,vi,.退休；离开,_,n,.退休,_(近义词)放弃；辞职,20._,vt,.打搅,vi,.操心,n,.烦扰,21._,n,.假定；构想,_,vt,.假定；构想,22._,n,.规则；规章；法规,22._,n,.受人喜爱；流行,23._,vt.&vi.,打；撞击；罢工,n,.罢工,23_,adj,.最初；开始,24._,adj,.虚荣；自负；徒劳,retire,retirement,resign,bother,assumption,assume,regulation,popularity,strike,initial,vain,第4页,重点单词,25._,vt,.抵抗；反抗,_,n,.反抗；抵抗,_,adj,.有抵抗力；抵制,26._,adv,.仅；只；不过,27._,n,.装饰,_,v,.装饰；布置,28._,vt,.崇敬；喜爱；喜爱,29._,adj,.合情理；讲道理；公道,resist,resistance,resistant,merely,decoration,decorate,adore,reasonable,第5页,重点短语,1_得到好结果；取得成功；偿清,2,_使沮丧；不愉快,3 _反对,4 _ 赞成；支持,5 _把归功于,6 _一定或注定(做),7 _使刻骨铭心,8 _不时；偶然,9 _ 使复生；使复活,10._白费劲气；枉费神机,11._情况良好/不佳,pay off,cast down,object to,in favour of,owe.to.,(be)bound to(do).,strike.into ones heart,from time to time,bring back to life,in vain,in good/poor condition,第6页,1.Then came.倒装句和that引导同位语从句,Then came,the disturbing news,that Dolly had become seriously ill,.(教材P,12,),2.whether.or.不论还是,However,scientists still wonder,whether,cloning will help,or,harm us and where it is leading us.(教材P,12,),重点句型,第7页,复习同位语,1.从句做同位语,The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(教材P,11,),2.名词（短语）做同位语,Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years,half the length of the life of the original sheep.(教材P,12,),语法关键点,第8页,undertake(undertook；undertaken),vt,.着手；从事；负担；承诺，答应,It is a difficult task to,undertake,.(教材P,11,),这是一项极难完成任务。,1,学生用书见P,191,第9页,a task/project 负担一个任务/项目,to do sth.同意，答应或着手做某事,for sth.为负责,that-clause确保,（2）undertaking,n.,任务，事业；承诺，答应,（1）undertake,第10页,The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.,这位律师无偿承接了那个案子。,Ill,undertake for,your security.,我将确保你安全。,He,undertook to,finish the job by Friday.,他答应在星期五以前完成工作。,I can,undertake that,you will enjoy the trip.,我确保你会喜欢这次旅行。,Will you give me an undertaking not to see that young man again?,你能否给我一个承诺：你不再见那个年轻人？,第11页,objection,n,.不赞成；反对；异议,On the other hand,Dollys appearance raised a storm of,objections,and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.（教材P,12,）,另首先，多莉出生引发了一阵强烈反对，对媒体和公众想象力也产生了巨大影响。,2,第12页,raise an objection to(doing)sth.对提出异议,have/make/take/feel an objection to(doing)sth.,对表示反对,object vi.反对；不赞成；,n.,物体；目标,object to sb./sth.反对，不赞成某人/某事,object to doing sth.反对做某事,object that-clause 反对,object to sb.doing sth.反对某人做某事,objective,adj.,真实；客观；无偏见,(1),(2),（3）,第13页,Members can,raise an objection,about the application,to,the president in a reading report in seven days after noticing to the public.,全部会员可于张贴之日起七天之内就申请以书面汇报形式向主席提出异议。,I,feel a strong objection to getting up,early.,我极不愿意早起。,I really,object to being,charged for parking.,我非常反对收停车费。,第14页,I,objected that,he was too young for the position.,我之所以反对是因为他太年轻不适合这个职位。,His,object,of studying English is to know more about Britain and British.,他学习英语目标是更多地了解英国和英国人民。,温馨提醒:object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语后需加介词to；oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语后不需加介词to。be opposed to.表示“反对；和相反”。,第15页,forbid(forbade/forbad；forbidden),vt,.禁止；不准,Some began to reform their legal systems and,forbade,research into human cloning.(教材P,12,),有些政府开始改革法律制度，禁止进行克隆人研究,3,第16页,sth.禁止某事,sb.sth.禁止某人某事,sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事,doing sth.禁止做某事,sb.from doing.禁止某人做,that.禁止（从句中惯用should+动词原形）,forbidden,adj.,禁止,Forbidden City 紫禁城,Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止,(1)forbid,(2),第17页,I will,forbid you to leave,unless you apologize for what you have done.,假如你不为自己所做事情道歉，我不允许你离开。,He,forbids smoking,during office hours.,他禁止在办公时间抽烟。,He has even,forbidden me from meeting,my friends online at the Internet cafe！,他甚至禁止我去网吧会见我网友！,I,forbid that,you,(should)enter,the room.,我禁止你进入那个房间。,Its forbidden to sell,tobacco to children under 16.,禁止向16岁以下儿童出售烟草。,第18页,owe,vt,.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于，应感激,You,owe,the lady an apology.(教材P,13,),你必须向这位女士道歉。,4,owe sb.sth./owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物,owe.to.把归功于,owe it to sb.that.多亏某人,(2)owing to=because of 因为，因为，后接名词、代词、动 名词作宾语，组成介词短语，表原因,(1),第19页,These early settlers,owed,their survival,to,hard work and determination to succeed.,这些早期移民把他们幸存归功于艰辛劳动和追求成功决心。,If I have improved in any way，I,owe,it all,to,my teacher.,假如说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我老师。,Mary will take care of the babyshe owes me a favor.,玛丽会照看孩子她欠我一个人情。,Owing to,her assistance，we succeeded in starting the engine.,多亏她帮忙，我们成功开启了引擎。,第20页,bother,vt,.打搅,vi,.操心,n,.烦扰；令人烦恼事或人,However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease,bothered,scientists.(教材P,14,),然而，之后她患上了严重肺病这个问题困扰着科学家们。,5,第21页,bother sb.to do sth.纠缠某人做某事,bother to do/doing操心做某事；特意做某事，通常,用于否定句中,bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打搅或麻烦某人,bother about/with sth.为某事烦恼；花费时间/精力,做某事,It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼是,(2)have no/much/little bother(in)doing sth.做不费劲/很费劲/几乎不费劲,(1),第22页,Hes always,bothering me to,lend him money.,他老是闹着要我借给他钱。,Heathcliff was used to being outside all day,and,had not bothered to,wash or change his clothes.,希斯克里夫整天在外面待惯了，也不上心换洗自己衣服。,He didnt want to,bother her with,his financial problems on their honeymoon.,他不想在他们蜜月期间因他经济问题使她扫兴。,Im too busy to,bother about,fixing it now.,我很忙，现在没空修理。,It bothers me that,he hasnt been telling me the truth.,他一直没有对我讲真话，这让我很苦恼。,Did you,have much bother(in)finding,the house?,你是否费了很大劲才找到那房子？,I dont want to put you to any bother.,我不想给你添麻烦。,第23页,这组词都表示“使人不得安宁”或“心烦意乱”,bother,指干扰他人正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，可能是有意，含有使人讨厌意味。,disturb,指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比bother弱。,trouble,常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也惯用于礼貌请求。,annoy,通常指重复性行为使（他人）生气。惯用被动语态，表示为某事烦恼、生气。,第24页,pay off,得到好结果；取得成功；偿清,But at last the determination and patience of the scientists,paid off,in 1996 with a breakthroughthe cloning of Dolly the sheep.（教材P,11,）,不过决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性结果克隆羊“多莉”。,1,学生用书见P,192,第25页,pay for 付钱；因而受处罚,pay back 偿还；报复,第26页,It took them three years to pay off the debt.,他们用了三年才,还清,欠债。,Her design won the first prize in the competition.Years of patience and hard work had at last paid off.,她设计在比赛中取得一等奖。多年耐心和努力工作终于,得到了好结果,。,He had to work parttime so as to,pay for,his education.,他必须做兼职来支付学费。,That I can,pay back,the help people give me makes me happy.,能够回报人们给我帮助让我感到很开心。,第27页,in favour of,支持；赞成,Is it,in favour of,cloning or against it?（教材P,12,）,赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？,2,第28页,favour,n.,帮助,恩惠；赞同，支持,in favour 赞同；支持；有利于,in sb.s favour 对某人有利,in favour with sb.受某人支持,out of favour 失宠；不流行,with sbs favour 得到某人欢心,do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人忙,do sb.the favour to do sth.帮某人做,ask a favour 请求帮忙,owe sb.a favour 欠人情,(1),第29页,(2)favour sb.with sth.为某人做某事,表示支持、赞同某人表示方式有：,in favour of;be for sb./sth.;stand by;stand on,ones side等,表示不支持、不赞同某人表示方式有：,be against sb./sth.,(3),第30页,There were 247 votes,in favour,and 152 against.,有247票赞成，152票反对。,Im all,in favour of,equal pay for equal work.,我完全支持同工同酬。,The exchange rate is,in our favour,at the moment.,当前汇率对我们有利。,Could you,do me a favour,and turn off the light?,请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？,The president is now,in favour with,the people.,现在总统受到人民爱戴。,Ill ask Steve to help.He,owes me a favour,.,我要请史蒂夫帮忙。他欠我一个情。,Please,favour me with,an early reply.,请尽早回复我。,第31页,(be)bound to(do).,一定或注定(做)；有责任或义务(做),Dollys death，like her birth，,was bound to,raise worries.(教材P,14,),多莉死，正如它出生一样，注定要带来焦虑。,3,第32页,(1)bind(bound,bound),v.,捆，绑，约束,be bound to sth.被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上,be bound(for.)准备(去),be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事物,be bound up with 与有亲密关系,sb.be/feel bound to do.感到有责任必须,(2),第33页,I prefer a free life.I dont like to,be bound to something,.,我喜欢自由生活，不希望被什么束缚。,The marriage based on money,is bound to break up,.,建立在金钱基础上婚姻是必定要破裂。,I feel bound to tell you,that youre drinking too much!,我以为有必要跟你说，你酒喝得太多了！,He,s,too,bound up in,his work to have much time for his children.,他工作太忙，没有时间多陪孩子们。,Her illness,is bound up with,the pressure of her study and work.,她疾病与她学习和工作压力有亲密关系。,第34页,Then came.,倒装句和,that,引导同位语从句,Then came,the disturbing news,that Dolly had become seriously ill,.(教材P,12,),接着传来了令人烦恼消息多莉得了重病。,学生用书见P,193,第35页,表示方位副词或介词短语以及表时间now,then等置于句首时，句子倒装。,第36页,For a moment nothing happened.,Then came voices,all shouting together.,先是什么也没发生，接着传来全部些人喊声。,Hearing the dog barking fiercely，,away fled,the thief.,听到狗叫厉害，小偷吓跑了。,There goes,the bell.,铃响了。,第37页,本句中“news”与“that Dolly had become seriously ill”是同位语关系。常见后接同位语从句抽象名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。,第38页,He had no,idea when,she would come back.,他不知道她何时会回来。,The,thought that,Lao Li would open a restaurant in New York surprised his wife.,老李要在纽约开饭店想法让他妻子非常吃惊。,He got a,message,from Mr.Johnson,that,the manager could not see him that afternoon.,他从约翰逊先生那里得到消息，经理那天下午不能同他见面了。,第39页,.品句填词,（用所给词恰当形式或依据语境写一个适当词）,1.My mother forbids me,(play)computer games for a long time because she thinks they will ruin my study and future.,【答案】1.to play,2.Dont bother me,the stupid questions and I have more important things to do.,【答案】2.with,3.Some scientists put forward an assumption,human beings can move to another planet in case the earth is not fit to live on someday.,【答案】3.that,4.Up to now,scientists have made a major breakthrough,the treatment of the disease.,【答案】4.in,学生用书见P,194,第40页,5.Going for a run outdoors is better than doing exercise in the gym because it has a positive impact _ mental,as well as physical health,researchers have found.,【答案】5.on,6.Her efforts paid _ and in 1999 she gained a place at University College London to study medicine.,【答案】6.off,7.I can hear the sound of the falling rain and the not-so-strongly blowing summer winds now,which disturbs my heart to the point that it is bound _(be)a sleepless night.,【答案】7.to be,第41页,8.Pine trees,_(be)green all through the four seasons,are highly adored by scholars in Chinese traditional culture.,【答案】8.being,9.However,some of the companies have gone into a decline after _(obtain)a temporary success.,【答案】9.having obtained/obtaining,10.In the long run,there is no doubt _ everybody would be much better off if smoking were banned altogether,but people are not ready for such drastic(,极端)action.,【答案】10.that,第42页,.单句改错,1.Although they are twins,Tony differs his brother in many ways.,【答案】his前加from,2.The circumstances were all against Joe,but he did not cast down.,【答案】didwas,3.Though they were good friends,Lucy objected to lend her ID card to Kathy to apply for a credit card.,【答案】lendlending,第43页,4.He owes to his doctors care that he is quite well again.,【答案】to 前加it,5.The house is still in a good condition.It ought not to have been knocked down.,【答案】去掉a,6.She couldnt resist to laugh at him in those clothes.,【答案】to laughlaughing,7.There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.,【答案】Bill前加that,第44页,8.This project was predicated on the assumption the economy was expanding.,【答案】assumption后加that,9.The question if we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.,【答案】ifwhether,10.Do you have any idea which is actually going on in the classroom?,【答案】whichwhat,第45页,.课文语法填空,Cloning is a way of,1.,（make）an exact copy of another animal or plant.Cloning has two major uses.2._,gardeners use it to produce plants.Secondly,it is,3.,（value）for medical research on animals.Cloning plants is straightforward but the cloning of animals is 4._ complicated.The procedure is difficult,5.,In 1996,scientists succeeded 6.,cloning（clone）Dolly the sheep.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly was ill.7.,_,Dolly lived for six years,whose appearance raised a storm of,8._（object）.,making,Firstly,valuable,more,to undertake,in,that,objections,第46页,Government became nervous and many,9.,research into human cloning.Scientists still,10.,whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.,forbade,wonder,第47页,
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