最全比较级最高级的用法.doc

比较级最高级的用法在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词:在形容词或副词前加more(如 more natural,more clearly )或加后缀 -er(newer,sooner )。典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加。英语句子中，将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。其中，像“A比B更”的表达方式称为比较级；而“A最”的表达方式则称为最高级。组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级或最高级的形态。一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：smallsmallersmallest shortshortershortesttalltallertallest greatgreatergreatest（2）双音节词如：clevercleverercleverest narrownarrowernarrowest2以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest ableablerablest3在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest fatfatterfattest4以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviestbusybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest5其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；如：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful differentmore differentmost differenteasilymore easilymost easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2） 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：goodbetterbest wellbetterbestbadworseworst illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremost littlelessleastfar further/farther furthest/farthest二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更”。如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。注意： 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。 The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4. “the +比较级, the+比较级”，表示“越越”。The more money you make, the more you spend. 钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The sooner，the better. 越快越好。5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：. A is times the size /height/length/width of B.如：The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高). A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍). A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。7.否定词语+比较级，否定词语+ so as结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.8. 比较级与最高级的转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class9.修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。. 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。 This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意：a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent.3）.要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.(对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother.4）.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.5）.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.6）.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.三比较级和最高级的用法1.两者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原级+as”表示Tom is as tall as Mike.2.两者相比（甲 乙），用“not as(so) +原级+as”或“less than”表示I didnt do my homework so(as) carefully as you.The picture is less attractive than that one.3.两者相比（甲乙），用“比较级+than”表示Our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.注意：1) 为了避免重复，在从句中常用one, that, those等词来代替前面提过的名词。The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.2)比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。 比较级+than+ any other + 单数名词 all the other + 复数名词anyone else any of the other + 复数名词3）如果形容词作定语修饰一个单数可数名词，一般将不定冠词a/an放在形容词之后。Our neighbour has _ ours.A. as a big house asB. as big a house as C. the same big house asD. house the same big as4）比较级前一般不用冠词，但若表示“两者中较时”。比较级前要加定冠词。若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。E.g. 他是两者中较高的一个 He is the taller of the two.她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这更好的嗓音了。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.4. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用“the +最高级”的结构表示，这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works (the) hardest in his class.That was the least exciting football game Ive ever watched.This hotel is the most comfortable Ive ever stayed.注意：当最高级的前面无限定词the或有不定冠词a/an时，仅表示“很，非常”Monday is my busiest day. 星期一是我很忙的一天。Qingdao is a most (very) beautiful coastal city. 青岛是一个非常美丽的海滨城市。四比较级的一些其他用法1 倍数表示方法a) 倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+ asb) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+thanc) 倍数+ the + n. + ofThis rope is three times longer than that one.This rope is three times as long as that one.This rope is three times the length of that one.2 用形容词比较级的否定形式，从反面来表示最高级，通常译为“没有比更”No other book has a greater effect on my life. 没有哪一本书比这本书对我的影响更大的了。=This book has the greatest effect on my life.考例： Go for a picnic this weekend, OK? -_. I love getting close to nature.A.I couldnt agree more B. Im afraid not. C.I believe not D.I dont think so.3 more and more 越来越 Our city is getting bigger and bigger.Our city is getting more and more beautiful.4 。the more the more 越 就越 The more you study, the more you know.The busier the old man is, the happier he feels.The more intelligent students are, the more quickly they understand ideas.5 可用下列词来修饰形容词的比较级much a lot slightly a little almost far a bit still比较级、最高级专项练习及答案一.典型例题（1） - Are you feeling _?- Yes，Im fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.（2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。（3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time答案：D。二. 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1. nice _ 2. fat _ 3. slow _ 4. dry _5. happy _ 6. wet _ 7. much _ 8. ill_9. little _ 10. bad _11. thin _12. far _13. early _ 14. careful_ 15. exciting_16.well_17.friendly_ 18. green_ 19. few_ 20.busy_三. 根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. mr. smith is _ man in this office. (rich)2. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold)3. This radio is not so _ as that one. (cheap)4. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot)5. She is a little _ than her classmates. (careful)6. _ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)7. which book is _, this one or that one? (easy)8. my room is _ than yours. (small)9. hainan is _ from beijing than hunan. (far)10. skating is _ than swimming. (exciting)11.Jim is _ than all the others. (honest)12. Things are getting _ and _. (bad)13. The higher you climb, the _ it will be. (cold)14. Now our lives are becoming _ and _. (good)15.There are _ boys than girls in our class. (few) 16.The _(hard) you work, the _(happy) your parents will be.17.He is _(tall) of the two.18.Of all the subjects, he likes english _(well).19.He runs _(fast) of the three.20.He got _(good) grades in his class.四、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than fred, but _ (tall) than fred. 2. Jim is not as _ (tall) as jack. 3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before after the summer holidays. 4.which is _ (heavy), the hen or the chicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is sally? - she s 1.55 metres _ (tall). what about xiaoling? - she s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). she is much _ (short) than sally. she is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at chinese and he is the _ (bad) at english. 7. annie says sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class,I think. 9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. an orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. the changjiang river is the _ (long) river in china.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. my room is not as _ (big) as my brother s. 14.-how difficult is physics? -I m not sure.- is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I dont think so.15.- annie plays the piano very _ (well). - Sue plays it _ (well) than annie. and Sally plays it the _ (well).16.Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. her mother is getting _ (fat) and _ (fat).18. I think its too expensive. i d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I 20. This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one. 21. Your classroom is _ (wide) and _ (bright) than ours. 22. Practise as _ (much) as you can. 23.The _ (much), the _ (good). 24. nowadays(现在) English is _( important )than any other subject, 1 think. 25. Most of the students think a lion is much _ (dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world26. My brother is two years _ (old) than me.27. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.28. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.29. Who is _(thin),you or helen? helen is.30. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? hers is.31. Marys hair is as _(long) as lucys.32.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class.33._ Nancy sing _ (well) than helen? yes, she _.34.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls.35.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).36.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?37.Who gets up _(early),Tim orTom?38._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?no,they_.39. Jim runs _(slow). but ben runs _(slow).40.The child doesnt_(write) as _(fast) as the students.41.He is as_(careful) as me, but mary doesnt do her homework as_as me.五. 用of, than, in, as填空。1. this table is as big _ that one.2. the yellow book is bigger_the blue one.3. tom is the best student_the class.4. this lesson is more interesting _that one.5. this apple is the largest_all the apples.6.he is the most popular _ the three.7._ all the students, he studues the hardest.8.he is the most athletic _ all.9. he lives much farther _me.10.please do _ carefully as me.六. 单选。( )1. john is my_friend of all the classmates. a. good b. better c. best d. the best( )2. e-mailing is much _than long-distance calling.a. cheap b. cheaper c. cheapest d. the cheapest( )3. beijing is one of_cities in china.a. very beautiful b. much beautiful c. more beautiful d. the most beautiful( )4. the yellow river isnt so_as the changjiang river.a. long b. longest c. longer d. the longest( )5. the coat i bought last week is too big for me. id like to change it for a_ one.a. small b. larger c. nicer d. smaller( )6. who is the _ , jim, li lei or ling feng? a. tall b. taller c. tallest d. much taller( )7. of all the students, wu dong runs_. a. fast b. faster c. fastest d. most fast( )8. he has grown_ to take care of himself.a. tall enough b. enough tall c. old enough d. enough old( )9. tom draws_better than his brother. a. more b. most c. many d. much( )10. who does homework_in your class?a. carefully b. most carefully c. more carefully d. as carefully as七、翻译句子：1、谁比jim年纪大？是你。 _ is _than jim？ _ are2、谁比david更强壮？是gao shan. _ _ than david? gao shan _.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_ pencil is _,_or_？_is,i think.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。_ apples _ _,your _ or your _? my _ _.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_ _as _as your uncle?yes,i am.6、他和他的朋友jim一样年轻。 he _ as _ as _ _ jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。_ _ as _ as_ twin _? no, _ _ than him.8.yang ling每天睡得比suyang晚。yang ling _ to _ _ than su yang every day.9.我跳得和mike一样远。 i _ as _ as mike.10.tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。_ tom _ _ than you?no,he _. he_ as_ as_.11.多做运动，你会更强壮。 _ more exercise,youll _ _ soon.12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。i _ _ at science.but i dont _ well in chinese.13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。_you_the kite_than wang bing?no,i_it _than_.14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。i like_.all my_ _ _than me.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。 my_ _ up _than me.16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。_the girls_ _ _the boys? yes,they _