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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第四课时非谓语动词,1/54,单句语法填空/单句改错,1.I was the first Western TV reporter _ (permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.,(,全国,，66),2.My ambassadorial duties will include _ (introduce)British visitors to the 120,-,plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.,(,全国,，67),3.If you find something you love doing outside of the office,，,youll be less likely _(bring)your work home.,(,全国,，49),感,悟,高,考,2/54,4.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _ (create)special designs.,(,全国,，43),5.People probably cooked their food in large pots,_ (use)twigs(,树枝,)to remove it.,(,全国,，44),6.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.,(,全国,，短文改错),答案,1.permitted,2.introducing,3.to bring,4.to create,5.using,6.wear,wearing,3/54,考点一非谓语动词作状语,规则,不定式作状语作目标状语。注意其它非谓语动词形式不能用作目标状语。,To make,himself heard,，,he raised his voice.,为了让自己被人听到，他提升了声音。,规则,不定式作状语作结果状语，表示出乎意料结果。,We hurried to the station,，,only to be told,that the train had left.,我们急急忙赶到车站，结果被通知火车已开走了。,考,点,清,单,4/54,规则,形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见词有：,happy,，,lucky,，,sorry,，,proud,，,disappointed,，,surprised,，,ready,，,delighted,，,clever,，,foolish,，,pleased,等。,We were astonished,to find,the temple still in its original condition.,令我们吃惊是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初样子。,规则,作状语分词要求其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。,Not understanding,this problem,，,he asked the teacher about it.,因为不了解这个问题，他问了老师。,5/54,规则,若现在分词动作发生在谓语动词所表示动作之前，则用现在分词完成形式,(having done),。,Having lived,in New York for years,，,I know each part of it very well.,因为住在纽约多年，我对这里每一处都很熟悉。,规则,若与句中主语为逻辑上动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词完成式被动形式,(having been done),。,Having been hit,by the big boy on the nose,，,the little boy began to cry.,因为被那个大孩子打在了鼻子上，那个小孩开始大哭。,6/54,规则,如句子主语是分词动作承受者，则要用过去分词,(done),。,Seen,from the top of the mountain,，,the city is very beautiful.,从山顶上看，这座城市很漂亮。,规则,如句子主语是分词动作发出者，就用现在分词形式,(doing),。,Seeing,from the top of the hill,，,we find the park even more beautiful.,从山顶上看，我们发觉这个公园显得愈加漂亮。,7/54,考点二非谓语动词作宾语,规则,以下动词只能用不定式作宾语，请切记下面口诀：,决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。,主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。,decide/determine,，,learn,，,want,，,expect/hope/wish,；,refuse,，,manage,，,care,，,pretend,；,offer,，,promise,，,choose,，,plan,；,agree,，,ask/beg,，,help,。,另外,afford,，,strive,，,happen,，,wait,，,threaten,等也要用不定式作宾语。,They have,agreed to give,me another chance.,他们已经答应给我另外一次机会。,She,pretended not to see,me when I passed by.,当我经过时，她假装没看见我。,8/54,规则,以下动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语，请切记下面口诀：,考虑提议盼原谅，认可推迟没得想。,防止错过继续练，否定完成就观赏。,禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。,consider,，,suggest/advise,，,look forward to,，,excuse/pardon,；,admit,，,delay/put off,，,fancy(,想象，构想,),；,avoid,，,miss,，,keep/keep on,，,practice,；,deny,，,finish,，,enjoy/appreciate,；,forbid,，,imagine,，,risk,；,cant help(,禁不住,),，,mind,，,allow/permit,，,escape,。,I would,appreciate your calling back,this afternoon.,今天下午假如你能给我回电话，我将非常感激。,My mother,couldnt help smiling,when she heard the good news.,听到那好消息，我妈妈情不自禁地笑起来。,9/54,规则,以下短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语,be used/accustomed to,，,lead to,，,devote to,，,stick to,，,object to,，,get down to,，,pay attention to,，,cant stand(,无法忍受,),，,give up,，,feel like,，,insist on,，,be busy(in),，,have difficulty/trouble(in),，,have a good/wonderful/hard time(in),，,spend time(in),，,look forward to,等短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语。,We are,looking forward to coming,to China.,我们期待着来中国。,Parents should pay more attention to the cases where their children,have difficulty,(,in,),adapting,to new surroundings.,当孩子们对新环境不适应时，父母们应多加关注。,10/54,规则,以下动词或词组既能够跟动名词作宾语，也能够跟不定式作宾语：,11/54,12/54,What a poor memory,！,I,forgot borrowing,money from him yesterday.But today I,forgot to return,the money to him.,多么差记忆力！昨天我忘了向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。,能够按下面口诀记住上述动词：,“,四记,”“,力争,”,不,“,后悔,”,。四,“,记,”,指,“,记得、记住,(remember),”,；,“,忘记,(forget),”,；,“,计划、打算,(mean),”,；,“,继续,(go on),”,；,“,力争,”,指,“try”,；,“,后悔,”,指,regret,。,13/54,考点三非谓语动词作宾补,规则,感官动词,(,词组,)see,，,watch,，,observe,，,look at,，,notice,，,hear,，,listen to,，,feel,宾语补足语有四种形式，以,see,为例：,14/54,I,saw him leave,a few minutes ago.,我看见他几分钟前离开了。,Back from his two,-,year medical service in Africa,，,Dr.Lee was very happy to,see his mother taken,good care of at home.,在非洲提供了两年医疗服务，李医生回来后看到家里母亲得到了很好照料十分高兴。,15/54,规则,使役动词,make,，,let,，,have,，,get,后加复合宾语情况：,The teacher raised his voice in order to,make himself heard,.,那个老师提升了嗓门方便他人能听到他。,16/54,Let those in need understand,that we will go all out to help them.,让那些需要,(,帮助,),人明白我们会尽全力去帮他们。,17/54,Ill,have my bike repaired,tomorrow.,我明天得,(,请人,),修一下我自行车。,18/54,Alexander tried to,get his work recognized,in the medical circles.,亚历山大试图使他工作被医学界认可。,19/54,考点四非谓语动词作定语,规则,现在分词,(,短语,),作定语与所修饰名词之间存在着逻辑上主动关系，表示该动作主动和进行。,The park was full of people,，,enjoying,themselves in the sunshine.,公园里人山人海，人们在阳光下玩得很高兴。,规则,过去分词,(,短语,),作定语与它所修饰名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作被动和完成。,Tsinghua University,，,founded in 1911,，,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.,建于,1911,年清华大学是无数出色人物摇篮。,20/54,规则,不定式作定语表示未做事情。,He is always the first,to arrive,at the school and the last,to leave,the school.,他总是第一个到校，最终一个离校。,21/54,考点五非谓语动词作主语和表语,规则,不定式、动名词都可作主语，通常能够用,it,来作形式主语。但动名词作主语多指抽象、概念性动作，能够是屡次、经常行为；不定式多表示详细动作，尤其是某一次动作。,Eating,too much chocolate is bad for your teeth.,吃太多巧克力对你牙齿有害。,Its necessary,to hold,another meeting to discuss the issue again.,有必要再举行一次会议来讨论这个问题。,22/54,规则,动名词作表语时，说明主语性质或特征；不定式作表语时，说明主语还未发生动作，或表示未来动作。,Our job is,playing,all kinds of music.,我们工作是演奏各种各样音乐。,Your task today is,to wash,the curtains.,你今天任务是洗窗帘。,23/54,规则,以下句型中惯用动名词作主语：,(1)It is/was a waste(of.)/no use/no good doing sth.,Its no use complaining,without taking action.,不采取行动只是埋怨是没有用。,(2)There is/was no sense/no point(in)doing sth.,There is no sense,(,in,),worrying,about it now.,现在大可无须为那件事忧虑。,24/54,考点六,with,复合结构和独立主格结构,规则,with,复合结构组成及意义,With so many people looking,at him,，,he felt very nervous.,那么多人看着他，他感到很担心。,She had to walk home,with her bike stolen,.,自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。,The girl feels excited,with so many places of interest to visit,.,有这么多名胜能够参观，小女孩很兴奋。,25/54,The boy leading,the way,，,we had no trouble finding the strange cave.,由那个男孩带路，我们很轻易就找到了那奇怪洞。,So many children to support,，,they both have to work full time.,有这么多孩子要养，他们俩不得不全日工作。,26/54,Many trees,，,flowers,，,and,grass to be planted,，,our newly,-,built school will look even more beautiful.,种上许多树、花和草后，我们新建学校看上去将更美。,The meeting over,，,our headmaster soon left the meeting room.,散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。,There being no bus,，,we had to walk home.,因为没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。,27/54,考点七非谓语动词时态和语态,规则,动词不定式时态和语态,形式,意义,组成,主动语态,被动语态,普通式,与句子谓语动词动作同时发生或在谓语动词动作之后发生,to do,to be done,进行式,在谓语动词动作发生时正在进行,to be doing,28/54,完成式,在谓语动词动作之前发生,to have,done,to have,been done,完成,进行式,发生在谓语动词动作之前而且连续到谓语动词动作发生时仍在进行,to have,been doing,29/54,The boy pretended,to be studying,hard when his teacher came in.,当老师进来时候，那个男孩假装正在努力学习。,The meeting,to be held,tomorrow is of great importance.,明天要举行会议很主要。,30/54,规则,动名词和现在分词时态和语态,形式,意义,主动语态,被动语态,普通式,与谓语动词动作同时或稍后发生,doing,being done,完成式,先于谓语动词动作完成,having done,having been,done,31/54,I still remember,being sent,to school for the first time.,我仍记得第一次被送到学校上学情景。,Having been told,many times,，,he still repeated the same mistake.,即使被告诉过好屡次了，但他依然重复犯一样错误。,Having finished,the letter,，,he folded it and put it into the envelope.,写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。,32/54,考点八非谓语动词主动语态表示被动意义,规则,在,“,主语系动词表语,(,形容词,),to do,”,结构中，句子主语和不定式之间组成逻辑上动宾关系，且形容词表示主语特征或性质，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中惯用形容词有：,easy,，,difficult,，,important,，,interesting,，,pleasant,，,comfortable,，,dangerous,等。,33/54,How did the accident happen was difficult,to find out,because there were few people on the street at that time.,极难查明这起事故是怎样发生，因为那时街上几乎没人。,The chair is very comfortable,to sit on,.,这把椅子坐上去很舒适。,34/54,规则,动词,need,，,want,，,require,作,“,需要,”,讲时，后跟动名词主动形式表示被动意义，也可跟不定式被动结构；,be worth,后也用动名词主动形式表示被动意义。,The figures need,to be checked/checking,again before we draw a conclusion.,在我们得出结论前，这些数据需要再检验一遍。,35/54,1.,【误】,Being an orphan,，,the nurse treated him kindly.,【正】,He being an orphan,，,the nurse treated him kindly.,【探究】,分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子主语一致；假如不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从句。,正,误,探,究,36/54,2.,【误】,The window is,opened,.The door is,locked,.,【正】,The window is,open,.The door is,locked,.,【探究】,有对应形容词能说明状态时，则不用分词，而用形容词。,open,可兼作动词与形容词，都当开、开着讲，所以只能用它形容词，而不能用它分词。而锁着,lock,不能作形容词，所以只能用它过去分词。,3.,【误】,Having been permitted,，,he would have succeeded in doing that.,【正】,Permitted,，,he would have succeeded in doing that.,【探究】,过去分词作状语假如非谓语与谓语是普通先后关系话，直接用过去分词即可。,37/54,易错点1非谓语动词逻辑主语分析不清,At the beginning of class,，,the noise of desks _(open and close)could be heard outside the classroom.,误填,opened and closed,答案,being opened and closed,本题考查动名词逻辑主语应用。由句子结构可知，名词desks为opened and closed逻辑主语，介词of后应接动词,-,ing,形式。桌子应该被开关。,易,错,防,范,38/54,【点拨】,动名词逻辑主语是执行动名词这个动作人或物。动名词逻辑主语能够由形容词性物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词及名词全部格等充当，这时带有逻辑主语动名词结构常被称为动名词复合结构。本题中名词desks充当动名词结构being opened and closed逻辑主语。,39/54,易错点2谓语与非谓语混同不清,Before you quit your job,，,_(consider)how your family would feel about your decision.,误填,considering,答案,consider,前面是before引导时间状语从句，故后面是主句。分析题干可知主句是省略了主语you祈使句。,40/54,【点拨】,做这类题关键是判断考点，先搞清是谓语还是非谓语。英语一句话中普通只有一个谓语动词。若有两个或两个以上动词且有连词连接，则必须用谓语形式；若无连词连接，则必须用非谓语形式。,41/54,易错点3非谓语动词中语态问题,Do you have anything more _(type),，,sir?,No.You can have a rest or do something else.,误填,to type,答案,to be typed,句意：先生，你还有什么东西需要打印吗？没有了，你能够休息一下或做点其它事情。,42/54,【点拨】,此题考查不定式作后置定语，但其中又包含了语态问题，考生需注意动作逻辑主语不是该句主语。,43/54,易错点4独立主格结构,His lecture _(give),，,a lively question,-,and,-,answer session followed.,误填,was given,答案,having been given,本句状语有其独立主语lecture，依据时间先后次序判断,“,演讲,”,已结束，故选择现在分词完成形式。句意：他演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。,44/54,【点拨】,独立主格结构是非谓语动词中一个特殊形式，它与非谓语动词直接作状语最大区分就是其逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，所以做题时一定要先判断逻辑主语。,45/54,.,单句语法填空,1.In art criticism,，,you must assume the artist has a secret message _(hide)within the work.,2._(make)it easier to get in touch with us,，,youd better keep this card at hand.,3._ (order)over a week ago,，,the books are expected to arrive any time now.,4.Newly,-,built wooden cottages line the street,，,_ (turn)the old town into a dreamland.,针,对,训,练,46/54,5.To return to the problem of water pollution,，,Id like you to look at a study _ (conduct)in Australia in.,6.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _ (work)with students.,7.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,，,_ (make)air conditioning unnecessary.,8.Abercrombie&Kent,，,a travel company in Hong Kong,，,says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _ (live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,47/54,9.The adobe dwellings(,土坯房,)_ (build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.,10.When a new day breaks,，,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _ (cool)the house during the hot day.,答案,1.hidden,2.To make,3.Ordered,4.turning,5.conducted,6.working,7.making,8.living,9.built 10.to cool,48/54,.,单句改错(每句仅1处错误),1.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.,2.After looks at the toy for some time,，,he turned around and found his parents were missing.,3.My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!,4.Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.,49/54,5.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.,6.Although weve been delighted to have you as neighbors,，,were hoping to settle something that bothers to us.In a word,，,your dogCleo.,7.It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside.,8.Stay close to your teacher and classmates.Dont panic or get out of line,，,and trying to remain quiet and calm.,50/54,9.My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted teach me about animals,，,insects and trees.,10.None of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey were looked like rain!,答案,1.telling,told,2.looks,looking,3.enjoy,enjoying,4.sing,singing,5.sit,sitting,6.,去掉,bothers,后,to,7.understanding,understand,8.trying,try,9.wanted,后加,to,10.,去掉第二个,were,或,looked,51/54,Buying books on the Internet is a great way _,1,_(save)time and money.Online bookstores offer new books and _,2,_(use)books that can save you a lot of money.Whats more,，,they are far better _,3,_(compare)to traditional bookstores as they offer much broader kinds of books.You can either click the kind of e,-,books online or type the book title and get it in seconds.Another advantage of _,4,_(shop)online is that you can also read the book reviews as well as readers reviews to get an idea whether the book is worth _,5,_(buy).Online bookstores offer great discounts,，,which is a big attraction for book lovers.,.,语篇填空(用所给词适当形式填空),52/54,For book lovers,，,it is most important _,6,_(get)books in time.Therefore,，,you need to find a reliable online bookstore that will be able to provide fast deliveries.,Here are some tips to use when _,7,_(select)an online bookstore.Some online bookstores are popular for fiction books,；,some are for non,-,fiction books or novels,，,etc._,8,_(understand)their specialization will help you to get the right kinds of books in time.Check whether you _,9,_(buy)the books from a third,-,party seller or directly from the websites.Never jump at stores that offer super cheap prices,，,as books_,10,_(sell)at such low price could be in very bad condition.,53/54,答案,1.to save,2.used,pared,4.shopping,5.buying,6.to get,7.selecting,8.Understanding 9.will be buying,10.sold,54/54,
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