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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,1/22,Find all the examples in the play where noun clauses are used as the object.,Well,why dont you explain what this is all about?,May we ask what you are doing in the country?,2/22,在复合句中起名词作用句子叫名词性从句,(Noun Clauses),。名词性从句功效相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能,担当主语、宾语、表语、同位语,，所以依据它在句中不一样语法功效，名词性从句又可分为,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,。,一、宾语从句,在句子中作,动词或介词宾语,从句叫宾语从句。,3/22,1,由连接词,that,引导宾语从句,(1),连接词,that,引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当任何句子成,分，在口语或非正式文体中,常被省去,。,She has told me,(that),she will go to Hong Kong tomorrow.,她已经告诉我明天她要去香港。,4/22,点津,引导词,that,不能省略情况,当,主句谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语,时，引导词,that,不能省略；,当,一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句,时，此时第一个,that,能够省略，第二个或第二个以后,that,不能够省略。,I believe,(that),you have done your best and,that,things will improve.,我相信你已经尽力了，一切都会好起来。,5/22,(,北京高考,)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.,A,why,B,how,C,that D,whether,解析：,选 。考查宾语从句。句意：,Jerry,不后悔给出评论，不过以为自己原来能够用不一样方式来表示。,that he could have expressed it differently,是由,that,引导宾语从句，作,felt,宾语。,that,在从句中不作成份。,考题印证,1,C,6/22,(2),动词,it,形容词或惯用搭配,that,从句,We,think it important that,every citizen should have good manners.,我们认为每个市民有礼貌是很主要。,(,其中,it,为形式宾语，而真正宾语就是,that,引导从句,),I,made it clear that,I was determined to carry out the plan.(that,不能省略,),我已表明决心执行这个计划。,We all,find it important that,we should make a quick decision about this matter.,我们都认为对这件事立刻做出决定很主要。,7/22,2,wh,疑问词引导宾语从句,who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever,等,疑问词引导宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，,连接词都在从句中担当一定成份,。,She always thinks of,how,she can work well.,她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。,The kind man will give,whoever,needs help a warm support.,凡需要帮助人，那个好心人都会给予热情支持。,Could you tell me,which,job I should take,please?,请你告诉我我应该选择哪种工作，好吗？,8/22,2,1(,陕西高考,)As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose _ suits you best.,A,whatever B,whichever,C,whenever D,wherever,解析：,选 。考查宾语从句。句意：提供给你五门功课，你能够自由选择最适合于你课程。宾语从句中缺乏主语，故排除,C,、,D,两项。因为前面已提出有五门课程，是有固定范围，故用,whichever,。,whatever,是没有范围，不符合题意。,考题印证,2,B,9/22,2,2(,四川高考,)Scientists study _ human brains,work to make computers.,A,when B,how,C,that D,whether,解析：,选 。考查名词性从句。句意：科学家研究人类大脑是怎样工作以制造出电脑。依据句意，选,B,项。,B,10/22,3,whether/if,引导宾语从句,隶属连词,whether/if,作“是否”讲时，惯用在,ask,，,care,，,find out,know,wonder,等动词后引出带有疑问意义宾语从句，,whether,或,if,不担当句子成份。,I don,t know,if/whether,he will go to the cinema this evening.,我不知道今晚他是否会去看电影。,点津,用,whether,而不用,if,引导宾语从句情况,(1),直接与,or not,连用时；,(2),从句作介词宾语时；,(3),从句作,discuss,宾语时。,11/22,(,山东高考,)We,ve offered her the job,but I don,t,know _ she,ll accept it.,A,where B,what,C,whether D,Which,解析：,选,。句意：我们已经向她提供了这份工作，不过我不知道她是否会接收。,whether“,是否”，引导宾语从句。,考题印证,3,C,12/22,4,介词后宾语从句,介词后面也能够接宾语从句。普通地，介词后能够接,wh,类宾语从句；而,in,besides,except,but,等少数介词后还能够接,that,引导宾语从句。,We,re talking about,whether,we go to the movies at once.,我们在讨论我们是否立刻就去看电影。,He goes to work every day except,when,it,s rainy.,他除了下雨时候，天天都去上班。,Your composition is very good except,that,the handwriting is a little bad.,除了书法不太好外，你作文很不错。,13/22,5,宾语从句注意事项,(1),语序：宾语从句一律要用,陈说,语序；,(2),时态：若主句是祈使句或主句用现在时、未来时，从句可依据句意来选取适当时态；若主句是过去时，从句普通用过去某种时态，但若从句表示是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句通惯用普通现在时。,The teacher,told,us that Tom,had left,us for America.,老师告诉我们汤姆离开我们去美国了。,The teacher,said,that the sun,rises,in the east and sets in the west.,老师说太阳东升西落。,14/22,普通结构是“主语,+,系动词,+,表语从句”。能够接表语从句系动词有,be,look,remain(,保持不变）,seem,等。,二、表语从句,在复合句中,作表语从句,叫作表语从句。表语从句位于主句中系动词之后。,15/22,1,that,引导表语从句,连接词,that,在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成份。,The trouble is,that,I have lost his address.,问题是我把他地址丢了。,16/22,2,whether,引导表语从句,连接词,whether,起连接作用，意为“是否；终究；到底”，在句中不作任何成份。,What he wants to know is,whether,we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.,他想要知道是我们到明天早上能否完成工作。,3,隶属连词,as,as if/though,引导表语从句,It sounds,as if,someone is knocking at the door.,听起来好像有些人在敲门。,17/22,4,because,why,引导表语从句,That,s,because,he didn,t understand me.,那是因为他没有了解我。,(That,s because.,强调原因,),That,s,why,he got angry with me.,那正是他对我生气原因。,(That,s why.,强调结果,),点津,reason,作主语时，后面表语从句表示原因时要用,that,引导，不宜用,because,。,The reason why I was sad was that he didn,t understand me.,我难过原因是他没有了解我。,18/22,5,wh,疑问词引导表语从句,连接代词,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,；连接副词,where,when,how,why,引导表语从句。,The problem is,who,we can get to replace her.,问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。,The question is,how,he did it.,问题是他是怎样做此事。,Their difficulty is,where,they can raise enough money.,他们困难是他们到哪里能筹到足够钱。,19/22,6,主语是表示提议、命令、要求、计划,(suggestion,advice,order,request,proposal),等名词，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即,should,后接动词原形，,should,能够省略。,My,suggestion,is that we(should)leave the village right now.,我提议是我们立刻离开这个村子。,20/22,考题印证,4,4,1(,陕西高考,)I,d like to start my own business,that,s _ I,d do if I had the money.,A,why B,when,C,which D,what,解析：,选 。句意：我想创办自己企业,那就是我有了钱要做事。,what,引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语。,D,21/22,4,2(,山东高考,)I,m afraid he,s more of a talker than,a doer,which is _ he never finishes anything.,A,that B,when,C,where D,why,解析：,选 。考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说,(,他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家,),是下文,(,他一事无成,),原因，由此可知应该选,why,。,D,22/22,
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