初中英语语法非谓语动词.ppt

1.初中英初中英语语非非谓语动词谓语动词知知识识点点总结总结:非非非非谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词主要指在句中不能充当主要指在句中不能充当谓语谓语，而是充当其他，而是充当其他语语法功能的法功能的动词动词。非。非谓语动词谓语动词有三种：有三种：动词动词不定式不定式、动动名名词词和和分分词词（包括（包括现现在分在分词词和和过过去分去分词词），），现现在分在分词词和和动动名名词词又又统统称称为动词为动词的的-ing-ing形式。非形式。非谓语动词谓语动词没有人称和数的没有人称和数的变变化化.在中考中，在中考中，对对不定式和不定式和动动名名词词的考的考查查最多，尤其是疑最多，尤其是疑问问词词+不定式，不定式作不定式，不定式作宾补宾补，及只能用，及只能用动词动词-ing-ing形式作形式作宾语宾语的的情况。考情况。考查查形式通常形式通常为单选为单选、句型、句型转转化、完成句子等。化、完成句子等。2.非非谓谓语语动动词词动词动词不定式不定式动动名名词词分分词词3.基本形式及特点基本形式及特点用法用法注意事注意事项项4.动词动词动词动词不定式不定式不定式不定式（1 1）基本形式：）基本形式：to+动词动词原形原形（在某些情况下可以不（在某些情况下可以不带带 to）（2 2）特点）特点 ：A.A.没有人称和数的没有人称和数的变变化化B.可以有自己的可以有自己的宾语宾语和状和状语语5.动词动词不定式不定式(3)用法用法：A、作主、作主语语，如 To learn a foreign language is not easy.=Its not easy to learn a foreign language.注意：不定式短注意：不定式短语语作主作主语语如果太如果太长长，常用，常用it作形式主作形式主语语，将不，将不定式后置。除定式后置。除动词动词be外，外，动词动词take也常用于上述也常用于上述结结构。构。B、作表、作表语语，如 The important thing is to finish the work on time.6.动词动词动词动词不定式不定式不定式不定式作作宾宾语语C、动词动词+to do(下面的下面的11个个动词动词必必须须准确准确记忆记忆）动词动词+疑疑问词问词+to do动词动词+it(形式形式宾语宾语）+宾补宾补+to do常常见动词见动词有有 agree,decide,fail（失（失败败）,hope,wish,want,plan，promise(发发誓）誓）,seem（似（似乎）乎）,expect（期望）（期望）,happen（to do碰巧）碰巧）I dont know what to do.I find it important to learn English.7.动词动词动词动词不定式不定式不定式不定式D、作作宾宾补补动词动词+宾语宾语+to do动词动词+宾语宾语+do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary.注：有以上注：有以上结结构的常用构的常用动词动词有有 tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg（乞求）（乞求）,invite,warn（警告）（警告）,allow（允（允许许）,encourage（鼓励）（鼓励）,advise（建（建议议）等。等。(不不带带 to 的不定式的不定式)注：常用的注：常用的动词动词是：感官是：感官动词动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice用于用于often的句中；的句中；使役使役动词动词 have,make,let.8.E、作状、作状语语可以表目的、表可以表目的、表结结果、表原因果、表原因F、作定、作定语语（必（必须须后置）后置）动词动词动词动词不定式不定式不定式不定式Ihavesomethingtosay.Itsthebestwaytohelphim.Marryopenedthedoorforhimtocomein(目的）.9.1、had better 后后2、使、使让动词让动词 make,let,have 用于主用于主动语态时动语态时。3、感官、感官动词动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice 用在用在“经经常常”的主的主动语态时动语态时。4、please 的后面的后面5、Why not/Why dont you 后后6、情、情态动词态动词之后。之后。10.在学在学习动词习动词不定式的不定式的时时候候还还有有两点两点要注意哦！要注意哦！1、在、在感官感官动词动词和和使役使役动词动词后作后作宾补时宾补时，不定式，不定式可可省略省略to,但以上但以上词变为词变为被被动语态动语态时时，要，要加上加上to,如如Ialwayssawherplaytheviolin.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.11.2、动词动词不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式为为：not+todoMr.Smithaskedtheboy_(notplay)thiskindofgame.nottoplayPleasehavehim_(notdo)somuchhousework.notdo12.在在“It is+形容形容词词+of sb+不定式不定式”结结构中构中，形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind,clever,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,impolite,honest,naughty等。在“Itis+形容词+forsb+不定式”结构中，形容词通常表示事物的性质，如important,possible,impossible,difficult,hard等。比比较较ItisgoodofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.你真好，帮助我学英语。(强调you的特征=Youaregoodtohelpme.)Itisgoodforyoutogiveupsmoking.戒烟对你有好处。(强调的是giveupsmoking这一行为=Foryoutogiveupsmokingisgood.)It is+形容形容词词+for/of sb+不定式不定式结结构构13.基本形式及特征基本形式及特征用法用法注意注意14.基本形式基本形式特点特点动词动词原形原形+ing +ing 具有名具有名词词、动词动词的一些特征。的一些特征。15.用法用法1 1、作主、作主语语Pickingapplesismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.2 2、作、作宾语宾语（1 1）只能接）只能接动动名名词词做做宾语宾语的的动词动词有有missmiss（错过错过）,finish,mind,keep,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,spend,suggestpractice,enjoy,spend,suggest（建（建议议）等。等。16.（2 2）既可接）既可接动词动词不定式不定式又可接又可接动动名名词词作作宾语宾语的的动词动词有两有两类类：意意义义区分不大区分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer（更喜（更喜欢欢）等。等。意意义义不同：不同：remember,forget,stop,go on,try等等17.3、作表、作表语语His favorite sport is playing basketball.4 4、作定、作定语语 finishing line（终终点点线线）18.1 1、动动名名词词的的 复合复合结结构构为为：名名词词所有格所有格形容形容词词性物主代性物主代词词+动动名名词词Doyoumind_thewindow?a.metoopenb.Iopenb.c.myopeningd.mineopeningc19.2 2、动动名名词词的的习惯习惯用用语语：a.Its no usedoingsth.b.cant helpdoingsth.禁不住做某事。禁不住做某事。c.feel likedoingsth.d.be busydoingsth.e.No doing20.动名词和不定式的用法区别：无论做什么成分：动动名名词词都表示都表示“正在正在”或或“一一贯贯”不定式表示不定式表示“一次一次”或或“将要将要”21.22.基本形式：基本形式：动词动词原形原形+inging基本形式：基本形式：规则动词规则动词加加ed ed 或或不不规则动词规则动词的的过过去分去分词词developing countrydeveloped country23.现在分词用法及意义：1，表示正在进行2，表示伴随状态过去分词用法及意义：作定语：1，前置定语表示已经完成2，后置定语表示被动24.25.Hiding from the rain and snow Hiding from the rain and snow Trying to forget but I wont let go Trying to forget but I wont let go Looking at a crowded street Looking at a crowded street Listening to my own heart beatListening to my own heart beatSo many people all around the world So many people all around the world Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your soul Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand before Im old Give me your hand before Im old Show me what love is-havent got a clue Show me what love is-havent got a clue Show me that wonders can be true Show me that wonders can be true They say nothing lasts forever They say nothing lasts forever Were only here today Were only here today Love is now or never Love is now or never Bring me far away Bring me far away Take me to your heart take me to your soul Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand and hold me Give me your hand and hold me Show me what love is-be my guiding star Show me what love is-be my guiding star Its easy take me to your heartIts easy take me to your heartStanding on a mountain high Standing on a mountain high Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky I should go and see some friends I should go and see some friends But they dont really comprehendBut they dont really comprehendDont need too much talking without saying anything Dont need too much talking without saying anything All I need is someone who makes me wanna singAll I need is someone who makes me wanna sing26.27.28.1.Thankyouforussowell.A.toteachB.teachesC.taughtD.teaching2.IoftendosomeonSundays.A.washedB.towashC.washingD.washes3.TheboyJackinClassOneismybrother.A.callB.tobecalledC.callingD.called4.Itoftentakesmehalfanhourhome.A.WalkingB.towalkC.walkedD.walks5.Dontforgethercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give29.6.IthinkitisimportantEnglishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned7.Thefunnystorymadeusallhard.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed8.Ourteachertoldushardatourlessons.A.toworkB.workC.workingD.worked30.9.Couldyoutellmethisnewspaper?A.toreadhowB.howtoreadC.whattoreadD.whatread10.Idontknownext.A.whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.tohowdoit11.Myhairistoolong,soImusthaveitthisafternoon.A.cutB.cutsC.cuttingD.cutted12.Rememberlateforclassagain.A.nottoB.benottoC.nottobeD.nottocome13.MrSmithaskedthemanthequeue(跳队夹塞）.A.notjumpB.didntjumpC.nottojumpD.tonotjump31.14.Whynotwithus?Yousee,itsvery.A.go;interestedB.go;interestingC.togo;interestedD.going;interesting15.Whatabouttothecinematonight?-Thatsagoodidea.Idlikewithyou.A.going;goingB.togo;togoC.going;togoD.go;going16.Everyonehereisbusyreadforthecomingentrancetests（入学考试）.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.gets32.17.weveworkedfortwohours.Letsarest.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.stoppinghaving18.Wouldyoumindmeafavor（帮我一下）？A.doB.togoC.doingD.did19.MrWangaskedmehim.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping20.PleasetellJimnotlateagain.A.toB.beC.tobeD.beto33.23.Pleasedontforgettome,willyou?A.towriteB.writingC.write22.Theboywantshisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.A.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked21.MissYangaskedtheboy,thebabywassleepingintheroom.A.tostoptosingB.tostopsingingC.stopsingingD.stoptosing34.25.Itsaboutsixoclock,Lets_suppernow.A.stophavingB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.tostoptohave26.Wedbetter_ontheroad.Acarmayhitus.A.nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.dontplay24.Motherdecided_Tomawayfromschool（辍学.A.tokeepnotB.keepnotC.nottokeepD.notkeep35.29.Ioftenseethemwithsomeforeigners.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked30.Hesayslifewontbeworthwithoutlove.A.liveB.livingC.livingD.tolive27.LiuMeihelpedtheTurnerstheirticketsonthetrain.A.pickB.lookupC.pickupD.looklike36.1.31.ThismorningIsawamanonthestreetonmyway.A.lives;thereB.lived;toschoolC.lying;toschoolD.tolie;home.32.Hehasgivenuptennissincehewasill.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.plays33.-willyoucometothenetbarwithme?-sorry,Mymotheralwaystellsmethere.A.notgoB.nottogoC.goD.togo37.34._DoyoustillremembermesomewhereBeijing?-Yes,ofcourse.Twoyearsago.A.toseeB.seeC.seeingD.saw35.Parentsmustwarntheirchildren.A.toplaywithfireB.nottoplaywithfireC.ofplayingfireD.playingfire38.39.