高考英语语法专题备考课件虚拟语气.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,英语,高考总复习人教版,必修六,1.If he this song,he so much,popularity.,2.If I him,I happy to,death.,hadnt issued,wouldnt have received,were,would be,过去,现在,2013,届高考英语语法复习,Subjunctive mood,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、愿望等,(,在,条件,从句中或,让步,状语从句中,),；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等,(,在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,),。,用法,一、虚拟语气,用于,if,条件,句,二、虚拟语,气 用于其他从,句,1,与现在事实相反,2,与过去事实相反,3,与将来事实相反,4,省略,if,的虚拟条件从句,5,错综时间条件句,6,含蓄条件句,1,suggest,等从句,2,wish,后的宾语从句,3,would rather,后的宾语从句,4,It is(high)time(that),.,之后的宾语从句,5,as if/though,，,even if/though,引导的状语从句,6,用于,if only,开头的句子中,一、虚拟语气用于条件句,虚拟语气应用于条件状语从句中，虚拟条件句以及主句谓语动词的构成形式如下表：,If there,_,(be)not for you and the past,I,_,(not,be)so sad.,were,would not be,1.,与现在事实相反,如果没有你，没有过去，我不会有伤心。,Mmmm,If I _ melt your heart,mmmm,we_ never _ (be)apart,.,could,would,be,Have a try!,Make a sentence by yourself.,这样考过,(,天津,),Mary is ill today.If she _,，,she _ absent from school.,A.were not ill,，,wouldnt be,B.had been ill,，,wouldnt have been,C.had been ill,，,should have been,D.hadnt been ill,，,could be,解析：,句意：玛丽今天生病了，如果不生病，她就不会不去学校。对现在情况的虚拟从句用过去式，主句用,would do,的形式。,2.,与过去事实相反,If he,_,(drive),more carefully,he,_(not,have),the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I _,(have),time,that,Friday,I _,_,_,(go),to see the,Gemstone,Festival,evening,party.,had had,would have gone,这样考过,(,福建质检,),I didnt go to the movie,last night because of the rain.,What a pity,！,If I had got the ticket,，,I _ it.,A,wouldnt have missed,B,wouldnt miss,C,didnt miss,D,hadnt missed,解析：,由句中,what a pity,！,(,真遗憾,),知本句考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。其构成为：,if,条件句,(,had done,),，主句,(,情态动词,have done,),。,3.,与将来事实相反,If it_(be)a holiday tomorrow,，,I _(have)a sound sleep.,如果明天放假，我就要美美的睡一觉。,were,would have,If I_ stay,I _ only_(be)in your way.So Ill go.,如果我留下，我只会妨碍你。所以我要离去,.,should,would,be,If I_(be to do)it,，,I _ it in a different way.,要是我来做这件事，我会用另一种方法。,were to do,would do,这样考过,(,湖南长郡中学,),If your study plans succeeded,，,you _ your marks in the following exam.,A,will increase,B,have been increasing,C,have increased,D,would be increasing,4,省略,if,的虚拟条件从句,如果条件状语从句的谓语动词有,_,，,_,或,_,，,可以把,_,省去，而把,_,，,_,或,_,移到,_,语,前面，以,_,形式,表示,虚拟条件。,例如：,were,had,should,if,should,had,were,主,倒装,If I,were,you,，,I would do the same.,Were,I you,I would do the same.,如果我是你，我也会这样做。,If you,had,come yesterday,you would have,met him.,Had,you come yesterday,，,如果你昨天来，你就见到他了。,If there,should,be a flood,what should we do?,Should,there be a flood,，,万一发生洪水，我们怎么办？,If he,were,to come,I might go with him.,Were,he to come,，,他若是来，我就可能跟他去。,这样考过,(2010,安徽皖南八校联考,),_ it _ to rain tomorrow,，,the sports meet would be put off until the same time next week.,A,Should;/B,If;should,C,Were;/D,If;was going,解析：,这是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，当省略,if,时，句子要倒装，恢复为正常语序是：,If it were to rain tomorrow,.,或可用,Should it rain tomorrow,5,错综时间 条件句,当,_,句,表示的动作和,_,句,表示的动作发生的,时间,_,的时候,(,如一个发生在过去，一个发生在现在,),，动词的形式要,根据它所表示的时间来调整,。例如：,不一致,主,条件从,If he_ me then,he _,in trouble now.,如果他当时听了我的话，现在就不会遇到麻烦了。,If the weather _ more favorable,，,the crops_ growing still better.,如果过去天气好一些，现在庄稼还会长得更好。,If he _me yesterday,，,I _what to do now.,假如他昨天告诉我了，我现在就会知道该怎么办了。,had,listened to,would not be,had been,would be,had told,should know,(,南昌调研,),If you _ that film late last night,，,you wouldnt be so sleepy.,A,didnt see B,havent seen,C,wouldnt have seen D,hadnt seen,解析：,语境为：如果你昨晚没有熬夜看电影，那么,(,现在,),你就不会感到瞌睡了。题干中的时间状语,last night,暗示从句陈述的是与过去事实相反的情况，因此从句应用过去完成时。,6,含蓄条件句,英语中有些介词短语如,without.(,没有,),，,but for.(,要不是,),，,in that case,等，可以表示,虚拟条件,，连词,but,(,但是,),，副词,otherwise,(,否则,),，并列连词,o,r(,否则,),也可以表示,虚拟条件,；表示,现在或将来,的情况，谓语动词用,“,_,”,；表示,过去,的情况，谓语动词用,“,_,”,。例如：,would(,或其他情态动词,),do,would(,或其他情况动词,),have,done,But for,the storm,，,we _ earlier.,要不是下暴雨，我们早就到了。,Without,my teachers help,，,I _.,没有我老师的帮助，我当时就会失败的。,I was busy,，,otherwise,I _,with you.,我当时很忙，不然就跟你一起去了。,I _to you before,，,but,I,was,ill.,早该给你写信的，但我生病了。,would have arrived,would have failed,would have gone,would have written,这样考过,(,福建,),But for the help of my English teacher,，,I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.,A,would not win B,would not have won,C,would win D,would have won,解析：,句意：要没有我英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语写作比赛中获得第一名。本题考查虚拟语气用法，根据句意，可知主句应该使用否定式，而本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为,B,项。,改错：,1.If she worked harder,she would,have succeeded.,2.He were not well yesterday,or he would,have helped you with your experiment.,3.I couldnt lived so long without the,the nurses considerate care.,had worked,was,have,单项填空,1,Were you in time for the lecture?,If I _ told earlier,，,I would,have.,A,had been,B,was,C,were to be D,should be,解析：,本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，根据此题的逻辑关系，应该用过去完成时的被动语态。,2,But for your help,，,we_such a good chance.,A,couldnt have got B,couldnt get,C,cant get D,cant have,解析：,此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，,But for your help,相当于,“,If we hadnt got your help,”,，因此后面的主句要用情态动词,have done,。,What,would,you do for our school if you,were,headmaster of our school?,If I.,I,because,_,if+_ ,would+_,_,if+_,would+_,if+_,would+_,除了由,if,引导的虚拟条件句外，还有,倒装条件句,，即把,_,、,_,或,_,提前，省略,_,；,混合时间句,，以及,含蓄条件句,，即由,or,otherwise,with,without,but for,来引导的。,If,虚拟条件句,现在,：,过去,：,将来,:,did/were,do,had done,have done,did/were,should do,were to do,do,were,had,should,if,Review what have been learned.,2.Finish the exercises in the text book.,winner?,winner,Punishment,“,如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。,If I had ten million yuan,I would buy a villa(,别墅,).,我有一千万吗？没有。,Do I have ten million yuan?No.,所以我仍然没有房子。,Therefore,I Still have no villa.,如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。,If I had wings,I could fly.,我有翅膀吗？没有。,Do I have wings?No.,所以我也没办法飞。,Therefore,I can not fly.,Read,aloud,