八年级英语数词、冠词外研社(初中起点)知识精讲.doc

初二英语数词、冠词外研社（初中起点）【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：数词、冠词教学内容一. 基数词（一）基数词112是独立的单词。例：one/ two/ three/ four/ five/ six/ seven/ eight/ nine/ ten/ eleven/ twelve（二）1319基本上是在39后加-teen构成。但13，15，18有点特殊。例：thirteen/ fourteen/ fifteen/ sixteen/ seventeen/ eighteen/ nineteen（三）2090的整十位数是在39后加-ty构成，但20，30，40，50有点特殊。例：twenty/ thirty/ forty/ fifty/ sixty/ seventy/ eighty/ ninety（四）“几十几”是由十位数词加连字符“-”加个位数合成。例：twenty-one/twenty-two（五）英语中无“万”的单位，但有“百”、“千”、“百万”。表达方式如下：One hundred 一百 one thousand 一千 ten thousand 一万One hundred thousand 十万 one million 一百万 ten million 一千万（六）三位数数词要在百位和十位之间加and.例：365 three hundred and sixty-five（七）1000以上的数字要先把数字分段，从后向前数每三位数空1/4格，倒数第一个空格前的数位为千（thousand），第二个空格前的数位为百万（million）。例：47 635 848 forty-seven million six hundred and thirty-five thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.二. 序数词（一）序数词除了first, second, third有各自的形式外，其余的都是基数词上加-th构成，但以-y结尾的基数词要变y为ie再加th，以-ve结尾的要变ve为f再加th。以-t结尾的直接加-h。十位以上的基数词变成序数词时，只把个位数变成序数词即可，十位不变。变化口诀：8去t，9去e，ve变f，y变ie。（二）序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后的两个字母构成。例：1st/2nd/3rd/三. 冠词是虚词，一般放在所说明的名词前面，用来说明名词所指的人或物。冠词分为定冠词the和不定冠词a, an两种。定冠词的用法（一）特指某（些）人或某（些）物，或由上下文可知所指的东西非常明显，或特指的范围内的人或物。例：Beijing is the capital of China.（二）用于第二次提到的人或事物的名词前。例：I saw a film last night, the film is about a scientists life.（三）用于世界上独一无二的事物前。例：The moon moves round the earth.（四）用于说话双方都知道的人或事物前。例：Please pass me the ball. 不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a和an，表示“一”或“一个”。a用于辅音开头的词前，an用于以元音开头的词前。例：a desk a boy an apple an hour（一）第一次提到某人或某物时，用a, an起介绍作用。例：My father is a driver.（二）用于可数名词前表示泛指一类人或事物。例：A student should study hard.（三）用来表示数量，含有“一”的意思，也可以表示单位、数量、长度、时间等，含有“每”的意思。例：I have a blue jacket.He drives at 80 miles an hour.不用冠词的情况1. 在球类运动名称、一日三餐、学科、棋类游戏前一般不用冠词。例：play football have breakfast have supper We like English and mathematics very much.2. 在表示交通手段的介词短语中。例：You can get there on foot.3. 在季节、日期、星期前不用冠词，但当它们后面带有修饰语时，它们前面就要加定冠词the。例：I will visit you in August.On Monday we have two Chinese lessons.4. 节日前一般不用冠词。例：New Years Day Teachers Day【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）选择填空：（一）1. Have you seen such _interesting film before? _film is about _naughty boy named Tom.A. an, The ,anB. an, The ,a C. a, The, an D. an, A, an2. _Greens are having _breakfast at home.A. /, the B. /, / C. The,/ D. The ,the3. Here is _old book. And _old book is Jacks.A. an, the B. an ,an C. the, an D. a, the4. _book on the desk is _useful one.A. The, an B. A, a C. The, a D. The, /5. _girl sitting at the desk is my friend.A. A B. The C. AnD. /6. Jim likes to play_ _football and is on_ school team.A. /, the B. /, / C. the, the D. a, a7. My teacher often comes to _school by _bus.A. the ,the B. /, a C. /,the D. /,/8. There is _“r”in the word “short”.A. a B. an C. the D. /9. Math is _useful subject. You cant drop it, I think.A. an B. a C. the D. /10. Smith is _honest man.A. a B. the C. an D. /11. -What color is _orange?-Its _orange.A. an an B. an, the C. an,/ D. /, an12. We cant see _sun at _night.A. a,/ B. a ,the C. the,/ D. the, the13. _angry boy at the school gate is Li Ping, my best friend.A. The B. A C. An D. /14. _Browns are going to the park this Sunday. A. A B. An C. / D. The15. Well give our English teacher a card for _house in it.A. an B. a C. the D. /16. Look at _picture! Theres _house in it.A. a, / B. the, the C. a, the D. the ,a 17. One morning he found _handbag. There was _“s”on the corner of _ handbag.A. a ,an ,the B. a ,a, the C. a, a ,a D. the, an, a18. Lets go out for _ walk.A. an B. a C. the D. /19. This kind of _bike is made in Tianjin.A. an B. a C. the D. /20. I have _dog ._dog is very lovely.A. a, A B. the, The C. a, The D. the, A （二）1. More than two_ years ago, people knew little about the universe.A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand of D. thousand2. Nearly nine _trees have been planted along the lake since 1998.A. hundred B .hundred of C. hundreds D. hundreds of3. _dollars is a lot of money.A. Six thousand B. Six thousands of C. Six thousands D. Six thousand of4. Can you write the number eighty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six? .A. 85662 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 586265. It is over _years since our Party was founded in 1921.A. seventy B. ninety C. eighty D. eightieth6. There are usually _days in a year.A. three hundred sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundred sixty five D. three hundreds and sixty-five7. I like _best in this book.A. Lesson One B. Lesson FirstC. the lesson one D. first lesson8. What time is it? Its_.A. forty-five past four B. four past forty-fiveC. forty-five four D. fifteen to six9. September is _month of the year.A. nine B. ninth C. a ninth D. the ninth10. It takes me _to finish my homework every day.A. a half and two hour B. two hour and a halfC. two and a half hour D. two and a half hours11. Tom has collected about _Chinese stamps.A. two hundred forty-six B. two hundred and forty-sixC. two hundred forty six D. two hundreds and forty-six12. How far is it from your home to your office? _walk.A. Twenty minutes B. Twenty minutes C. Twenty minutes D. Twenty-minutes13. There are twenty boys in our class ._are from America.A. Two they B. The second C. Two of them D. The two of them14. Mr. Smith has a _son.A. ten years old B. ten year old C. ten-years-old D. ten-year-old15. Before he went to America, Mr. Li had learned _English words.A. hundreds of B. hundred ofC. three hundreds D. three hundreds of16. Lucy wrote a _letter to her mother.A. six hundred words B. six-hundred words C. six-hundred-word D. six-hundred-words17. Many people in the world speak English as _ language.A. the second B .second C. two D. a second18. What date is it today? Its_.A. my birthday today. B. a fine dayC. Saturday D. September 29,200219. How often do you go to visit your grandparents?_.A. Two time a month B. Twice a month C. Two times month D. A month twice20. _here today.A. There are only ten of us B. We are only ten C. There are only ten us D. There are only ten试题答案（一）15 BCACB 610 ADBBC 1115 CCADD 1620 DABDC （二）15 DAABC 610 BADDD 1115 BBCDA 1620 CDDBA 用心 爱心 专心