八年级英语数词、冠词外研社(初中起点)知识精讲.doc

初二英语数词、冠词外研社（初中起点）
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
数词、冠词

［教学内容］
一. 基数词
（一）基数词1~12是独立的单词。
例：one/ two/ three/ four/ five/ six/ seven/ eight/ nine/ ten/ eleven/ twelve

（二）13~19基本上是在3~9后加-teen构成。但13，15，18有点特殊。
例：thirteen/ fourteen/ fifteen/ sixteen/ seventeen/ eighteen/ nineteen

（三）20~90的整十位数是在3~9后加ty构成，但20，30，40，50有点特殊。
例：twenty/ thirty/ forty/ fifty/ sixty/ seventy/ eighty/ ninety

（四）“几十几”是由十位数词加连字符“-”加个位数合成。
例：twenty-one/twenty-two

（五）英语中无“万”的单位，但有“百”、“千”、“百万”。表达方式如下：
One hundred 一百 one thousand 一千 ten thousand 一万
One hundred thousand 十万 one million 一百万
ten million 一千万

（六）三位数数词要在百位和十位之间加and.
例：365 three hundred and sixty-five

（七）1000以上的数字要先把数字分段，从后向前数每三位数空1/4格，倒数第一个空格前的数位为千（thousand），第二个空格前的数位为百万（million）。
例：47 635 848 forty-seven million six hundred and thirty-five thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.

二. 序数词
（一）序数词除了first, second, third有各自的形式外，其余的都是基数词上加-th构成，但以-y结尾的基数词要变y为ie再加th，以-ve结尾的要变ve为f再加th。以-t结尾的直接加-h。十位以上的基数词变成序数词时，只把个位数变成序数词即可，十位不变。变化口诀：8去t，9去e，ve变f，y变ie。

（二）序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后的两个字母构成。
例：1st/2nd/3rd/…

三. 冠词是虚词，一般放在所说明的名词前面，用来说明名词所指的人或物。冠词分为定冠词the和不定冠词a, an两种。
定冠词的用法
（一）特指某（些）人或某（些）物，或由上下文可知所指的东西非常明显，或特指的范围内的人或物。
例：Beijing is the capital of China.

（二）用于第二次提到的人或事物的名词前。
例：I saw a film last night, the film is about a scientist’s life.

（三）用于世界上独一无二的事物前。
例：The moon moves round the earth.

（四）用于说话双方都知道的人或事物前。
例：Please pass me the ball.

不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有a和an，表示“一”或“一个”。a用于辅音开头的词前，an用于以元音开头的词前。
例：a desk a boy an apple an hour

（一）第一次提到某人或某物时，用a, an起介绍作用。
例：My father is a driver.

（二）用于可数名词前表示泛指一类人或事物。
例：A student should study hard.

（三）用来表示数量，含有“一”的意思，也可以表示单位、数量、长度、时间等，含有“每”的意思。
例：I have a blue jacket.
He drives at 80 miles an hour.

不用冠词的情况
1. 在球类运动名称、一日三餐、学科、棋类游戏前一般不用冠词。
例：play football have breakfast have supper
We like English and mathematics very much.

2. 在表示交通手段的介词短语中。
例：You can get there on foot.

3. 在季节、日期、星期前不用冠词，但当它们后面带有修饰语时，它们前面就要加定冠词the。
例：I will visit you in August.
On Monday we have two Chinese lessons.

4. 节日前一般不用冠词。
例：New Year’s Day Teachers’ Day

【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
选择填空：
（一）
1. Have you seen such ________interesting film before? ______film is about _______naughty boy named Tom.
A. an, The ,an B. an, The ,a C. a, The, an D. an, A, an
2. ________Greens are having ________breakfast at home.
A. /, the B. /, / C. The,/ D. The ,the
3. Here is _______old book. And __________old book is Jack’s.
A. an, the B. an ,an C. the, an D. a, the
4. ________book on the desk is ______useful one.
A. The, an B. A, a C. The, a D. The, /
5. __________girl sitting at the desk is my friend.
A. A B. The C. An D. /
6. Jim likes to play_ _________football and is on__________ school team.
A. /, the B. /, / C. the, the D. a, a
7. My teacher often comes to ________school by _________bus.
A. the ,the B. /, a C. /,the D. /,/
8. There is __________“r”in the word “short”.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
9. Math is _________useful subject. You can’t drop it, I think.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
10. Smith is __________honest man.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
11. ---What color is _________orange?
---It’s _________orange.
A. an an B. an, the C. an,/ D. /, an
12. We can’t see _________sun at ________night.
A. a,/ B. a ,the C. the,/ D. the, the
13. _________angry boy at the school gate is Li Ping, my best friend.
A. The B. A C. An D. /
14. _________Browns are going to the park this Sunday.
A. A B. An C. / D. The
15. We’ll give our English teacher a card for _________house in it.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
16. Look at ______picture! There’s ________house in it.
A. a, / B. the, the C. a, the D. the ,a
17. One morning he found ________handbag. There was _______“s”on the corner of ______ handbag.
A. a ,an ,the B. a ,a, the C. a, a ,a D. the, an, a
18. Let’s go out for ________ walk.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
19. This kind of _________bike is made in Tianjin.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
20. I have ________dog ._________dog is very lovely.
A. a, A B. the, The C. a, The D. the, A

（二）
1. More than two_______ years ago, people knew little about the universe.
A. thousands B. thousands of
C. thousand of D. thousand
2. Nearly nine _________trees have been planted along the lake since 1998.
A. hundred B .hundred of C. hundreds D. hundreds of
3. ________dollars is a lot of money.
A. Six thousand B. Six thousands of
C. Six thousands D. Six thousand of
4. Can you write the number eighty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six? .
A. 85662 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626
5. It is over _________years since our Party was founded in 1921.
A. seventy B. ninety C. eighty D. eightieth
6. There are usually ________days in a year.
A. three hundred sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. three hundred sixty five D. three hundreds and sixty-five
7. I like ____best in this book.
A. Lesson One B. Lesson First
C. the lesson one D. first lesson
8. What time is it?
It’s__________.
A. forty-five past four B. four past forty-five
C. forty-five four D. fifteen to six
9. September is ___________month of the year.
A. nine B. ninth C. a ninth D. the ninth
10. It takes me _____to finish my homework every day.
A. a half and two hour B. two hour and a half
C. two and a half hour D. two and a half hours
11. Tom has collected about _______Chinese stamps.
A. two hundred forty-six B. two hundred and forty-six
C. two hundred forty six D. two hundreds and forty-six
12. How far is it from your home to your office?
_________walk.
A. Twenty minutes B. Twenty minutes’
C. Twenty minute’s D. Twenty-minutes
13. There are twenty boys in our class .________are from America.
A. Two they B. The second
C. Two of them D. The two of them
14. Mr. Smith has a ____son.
A. ten years old B. ten year old
C. ten-years-old D. ten-year-old
15. Before he went to America, Mr. Li had learned __________English words.
A. hundreds of B. hundred of
C. three hundreds D. three hundreds of
16. Lucy wrote a __________letter to her mother.
A. six hundred words B. six-hundred words
C. six-hundred-word D. six-hundred-words
17. Many people in the world speak English as ______ language.
A. the second B .second C. two D. a second
18. What date is it today?
It’s__________.
A. my birthday today. B. a fine day
C. Saturday D. September 29,2002
19. How often do you go to visit your grandparents?
_________.
A. Two time a month B. Twice a month
C. Two times month D. A month twice
20. _________here today.
A. There are only ten of us B. We are only ten
C. There are only ten us D. There are only ten

试题答案
（一）1~5 BCACB 6~10 ADBBC 11~15 CCADD 16~20 DABDC
（二）1~5 DAABC 6~10 BADDD 11~15 BBCDA 16~20 CDDBA

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