2022年高考复习动词时态和语态.pptx

,#,高,考,语,法,复习,系,列,一,动,词,时,态,和语,态,一,.,一般现在,时,1.,一般,用,法,:,1,表,示,现,在经常性或,习,惯,性,的动,作,。,时间,状,语,:,e,v,e,r,y,s,o,m,e,t,i,m,e,s,o,f,t,e,n,a,lw,a,y,s,.,e.g.,He,often,(go)to the,cinema.,go,es,2,表,示,现,si,在,ng,的,s,能力,、,特征、,职,业,等,。,e.g.,He,(sing),well.,（,能力,）,3,表,示,客,观真理,、,is,科,学,事,实,、格,言,等,。,e,.,g.,K,no,w,le,d,ge(,be,),p,o,w,e,r,.,（客观,真,理,）,2.,特别用,法,:,e.g.,The,train,1,时,间、条件,、,让步状语,从,句,中,主,将从,现,原,则,.,have,e,.,g.,I,w,il,l,w,r,it,e,to,h,e,r,w,h,e,n,s,I,_,a,y,s,(,h,av,e,)ti,m,e.Next time,Ill,do,as,he,(say,).,2,表示按规定、时间,表,、计划或安排要发生,的,动,作,用一般现在时表将,来,.,l,_,eave,_,s,(leave),at,12:00.,基,本,构成,：,主,动,语,态：,动词原,形,或,am,/is/,are,v.,-,s/es,(,三,.,单,),does,be,h,a,v,e,h,a,s,do,g,o,goe,s,s,t,u,d,y,s,t,u,d,i,es,e.g.,He,_,leaves,(leave),early every,morning.,She,is a,good,girl,and,studies,(study),hard,.,My father,_,g,oes,_,(go),home,late every,day.,被动语,态,：,am/,is,/,are,+,done,e.g.,Oh,I,am,b,_,it,_,te,n,(bite)by,a,snake.,Many,books,_,a,_,r,_,e,_,s,_,old,(sell)in,the bookstore every,year.,The,child,is,_,t,_,a,ken,(take)good,care of.,We,often,clean,the,table.,(,变,被,动语态,),二,.,一,般,过去,时,态,（,did,式,）,:,1.,基,本用,法,:,1,表,示,过,去,发,生,的动,作,或,存,在的,状,态,.,时,间,状,语,：,yesterday,last week,an,hour,ago,the other,day,in,1982,just now,等,e.g.He,bought,(buy),the,computer,five,years,ago.,2),表,示,过,去,经常,性,或,习,惯,性,的,动,作,.,e.g.,We,often,playe,_,d,_(play),together when we were,c,hildren.,注,:,表,示过,去,习惯,性,的,动,作,可,用,would,used to,e.g.,He,used,to,go,to,work,by,bus.,特别,用,法,:,(,了,解,),过,去,时,表,示现,在,，,表,示,委,婉,语,气,:,动,词,want,hope,wonder,think,intend,等,:,e.g.I wondered if you could help,me.,能,不能,帮,我,一,下,。,2),情,态动,词,could,would,。,e.g.Could you lend,me,your,bike?,能,借用,一,下,你,的自,行,车,吗,？,基,本,构成,：,主动,语,态,：,v,-,ed,b,e,was,/,were,go/,goes,e.g.,He,_,le,ft,_(leave),early,every,morning,last,year.,My,father,went,(go)home late,yesterday.,When,I,was,young,I,s,tudied,(study),hard.,d,o,/,doe,s,d,id,w,ent,b,u,y,have/,has,had,study,/,studies,studied,bought,被动语,态,：,was,/,were,+,done,e.g.,He,_,w,_,a,s,b,_,i,_,tt,_,e,_,n,(bite),by,a snake,just,now.,Many,books,_,w,_,ere,_,sold,(sell)in,the bookstore two years,ago.,When he was a child,he,wa,_,s,_,t,_,a,_,k,en,(take)good,care,of.,She,was,praised,(praise)by,her,teacher.,三,.,一,般,将,来,时,:,1.,will,+,动词,原,形,表示,纯,粹的将,来,e.g.,He,will,be,(be)19,years,old next,week.,e.g.,You,forgot,to,turn,off,the,light.,-,Oh,so,I,did.,I,will,_,go,_(go),and turn,it,off.,e.g.The,radio,says,it,will be,(be),sunny,tomorrow.,2.be going,to,+,动,词,原,形,（,2,种,常,见用,法,）,1),强,调,打算计,划,做,某,事,e.g.I,am going,to write,(write),a,novel,next,year.,e.g.,He,is,going to,buy,(buy),a,big,house,in,2014.,2),表,示,有迹,象,表,明,要发,生,.,e.g.Look at,the,clouds.,It,looks as,if,it,is,going,to,rain,(rain).,3.,be+,to,do,常,表,示,有义,务,应该,做,.,e.g.I,work,as,a,baby-sitter so,I,(take,),good care of,the,baby.,am to,take,有,时也表,示,注,定,要,.,或,打,算,.,e.g.,Your,plan(be),a,failure.,is to,be,e.g.,We,are,to,discuss,(discuss),the,report next,Saturday.,4.,be about to,do,.(when),正,要,做,.,的时,候,，,正在那时发,生,了,.,e.g.,I,wa,_,s,abou,_,t,to,_,go,_,(go),out,when,the,telephone,rang.,e,.,g,.I,wa,s,a,b,o,u,t,t,o,ex,p,l,a,in,w,he,n,s,he interrupted,me.,了,解,：,be,about,to,do,不,能,与,tomorrow,next week,等,表,示明,确,将,来,的时,间,状,语,连,用,。,被,动语态,结,构,：,will,+,be,done,将,要,被,.,e.g.The,problem,will be,discussed,(discuss),tomorrow.,(finish),next,e.g.,The,work,Sunday.,will be,finished,翻译,上海位于中国东部。,（,lie,in,）,地球是圆的,。,她每天早,上,7,点离开家去学校,。,地球围绕太阳,转,。,他们想要好工作,。,这项工作我不满意。,（,satisfy,）,我喜欢古典音,乐,。,1.,Shanghai,lies,in the east,of,China.,The,earth,is,round.,I,leave,home,for school,at,7 every,morning.,The,earth moves around,the,sun.,They want good,jobs.,This work does not satisfy,me.,I love classical,music.,太阳从东,方,升起在西,方,落下,。,比尔,盖,茨是世界,上,最富有的人,。,当他,小,的,时候，他喜,欢,玩电脑游,戏,。,他今,天,上午没上,课,。,我昨天感,到,很累，因,为,我打篮,球,了,。,今天,早,上我迟到,了,。,如果,明,天不下雨,，,我,将去远足,。,十年,后,，,我将会有,一,个快乐的,家,庭,，,过上幸福的,生,活,。,8.,The,sunrises in,the,east and,sets,in,the,w,est.,Bill Gates,is the,richest,man,in the,world.When he,was,young,he liked,to,play computer,games,.,He,didnt have,classes,this,morning.,I felt,very tired,last,night,because,I,played bas ketball.,I,was,late,this,morning.,If it,doesnt,rain,tomorrow,I,will go,hiking.,Ten,years,later,I,will have,a,happy family,and,l,ive,a,happy,life.,我相,信,我们会,成,功的，只,要,我们努,力,。,他打,算,明年夏,天,去国外,。,现,在很多人说,英,语。（主,动,、被动,）,这扇,窗,户昨天,被,打破了,。,这,项工作将,于,2015,年完成,。,I,believe,we,will,succeed,as long as,we work,hard.,He,is going to,go abroad next,summer.,Nowadays,many people speak,English.,English is spoken,by,many people,nowad,ays.,The window was,broken,yesterday.,The,work,will,be,finished,in,2015.,高考题探究：,If,he,I,d,o,n,t,k,n,o,w,i,f,he,C,.Ill,let,you,know.,will come;will,come,comes;,comes,will come;,comes,comes;,will,come,2.,-Kate has come,back home,from,her,l ong,holidays,abroad.,-Oh,really?,I.,visit,her.,didnt,know;,Ill,go,and,dont,know;,Ill,go,and,dont,know;,Im going,to,didnt,know;,Im going,to,A,A.,has,joined,C.,had,joined,B.,joins,D.,joined,A.,is,expected,C.,expects,B.is,expecting,D.will,be,expected,3.Have,you,known,Dr.,Jackson for,a,long time,?,Yes,since she,D,_,the Chinese,Society.,4.The,wet,weather will continue,tomorrow,when,a,cold,front,A,to arrive.,A.,rained,C.has,rained,B.,rains,D.,is,raining,A.,will,increase,C.have,increased,B.,have,been,increasin,D.,would be,increasing,5.,If the weather had been,better,we could,have,had,a,picnic.,But,it,A,all,day.,6.,If their,marketing,plans,succeed,they,A,their,sales,by,20,percent.,A.,might,C.,could,B.,should,D.,would.,8.Have,you,read book,called,Waiting,for,Anya,?,W,ho,it?,B.,has,written,A.,writes,C.,wrote,D.,had,written,7,.,J,o,h,n,p,ro,m,i,se,d,hi,s,d,o,ct,o,r,he,_,D,n,o,t,smoke,and he has not,smoked ever,since.,C,过去将来,时,(wait)for us,at,e.g.She,said,she,w,_,o,ul,_,d,w,_,ait,the,train,station.,e.g.,They told,us,that,the,trees,would,be,planted,(plant),soon.,常用在,宾语,从,句,中，表示,过,去的将,来,would,+do,would,+,be,done,现,在进行,时,:,基,本,构成,：,am/is/are,+,doing,基,本,用法,：,1.,表,示,说话,时,正,在,发,生,的,事,情,。,e.g.,We,are,having,(have),a,meeting.,2.,表,示,现,阶段,正,在,进,行,的,动,作,说,话,时动,作,未,必,正,在进,行,。,（,表示,现,阶,段,一直,在,）,e.g.,He,is teaching,(teach)in,a,school.,3.,表示,趋,向,性,动词,用,现,在进行时,表,将,来,.,e.g.,I,am leaving,(leave),tomorrow.,4.,现在进行,时,与,always/constantly,/,conti,nually,等,连,用,表,示,称,赞、,惊,讶,、,厌,恶,等,感,情,色,彩,翻译,：,她,总,是,帮,助,别人,。,e.g.,Shes,always,helping,others.,被动语态,：,A.is,built,C.is,being,built,B.,builds,D.is,building,结,构,：,am/is/are,+,being,done,正,在,被,.,Youd,better,not choose,this,road.,The,bridge,C,(build).,过去,进,行,时,基本,构,成,：,was/were,+,doing,基,本用法,：,1.,表,示,过,去,某一,时,间,/,时,段,正在,进,行,的动,作,。,e.g.,When he,came,in,I,was remembering,(remember),English,words.,-Hey,look where you,are,going!,-Oh,Im,terribly,sorry.,.,(99,N),A.,Im,not,noticing,C.,I,havent,notice,B.,I,wasnt,noticing,D.I,dont,notice,2.,过去进行,时,与,always/constantly,/,cont,inually,等连,用,表示,过,去,对,主,语,称,赞,、,惊,讶,、,厌,恶,等,。,e.g.,He was,continually,asking,her,questions,after,class.,3,.,趋向,性,动,词用,在,宾,语从,句,中，,表,示,过,去将,来,要,发生的动作,。,e.g.,He said that he,_,was,coming,(come),to,see you,the,next month.,被动语态,：,结,构,：,was/,were,+,being,done,过去正在被,e.g.,The,tool,was,being made,(make),when,I,got,there.,将来进行,时,结,构,：,will,be,+doing,基本,用,法,:,表示将来,某,一时间正,在,进行的动,作,.,When,I get,home,at 9:00,tomorrow,my,son,will be watching,TV.,高考题探究：,1.,You,were out,when,I,dropped in,at yo,ur,house.,Oh,I,for,a,friend,from,England,a t,the,airport.,（,2004,年,福,建,卷,）,A.,was,waiting,C.am,waiting,B.,had,waited,D.,have,waited,A.is,playing,C.,are,playing,B.,have,played,D.,Play,3.,Selecting,a,mobile phone,for,personal,use is,no,easy,t,ask,because,technology,so,rapidly.,(,2,0,0,1,N,),A.is,changing,C.,will have,changed,B.,has,changed,D.,will,change,2.,E-mail,as,well,as,telephone,A,_,an,important,par,t in,daily,communication.,(99,上,海,),A,4.,-,Excuse,me,Sir.,Would,you do,me,a,favor?,A.,had,wondered,C.would,wonder,B.,was,wondering,D.,did,wonder,A.,has,restored,C.,is,restoring,B.,has,been,restored,D.is,being,restored,-,Of,course.,What,is,it?,-,I,B,if,you,could tell,me,how to,fill,out,this,form.(02,北,京,),5.,The,church,tower,which,D,will,be,open,to,tourists,so,on.,The,work,is,almost,finished.,(10,上,海,31),next,month.(2001,北,京,春,季,),A.,will be,built,C.,has,been,built,B.,is,built,D.,is,being,built,6.A,new,cinema,D,_,here.,They,hope to,finish,it,A.,has,graded,C.,is,being,graded,B.,is,graded,D.is,grading,7.,Have,you,handed,in,your,schoolwork,yet?,Yes,，,I,have.,I,guess,it,C,now.,(07,辽,宁,22),8.,The,telephone,，,but by,the time,I,got,indoors,，,it,stopped.,(08,四川,7),A.had,rung C.rings,B.was,ringing,D.has,rung,B,Teenagers,B,their,health because they p,lay,computer,games,too,much.,(08,重,庆,35),A.have,damagedB.are,damaging,C.dam,aged,D.will,damage,Homework,：,1.,Rainforestsand burned,at,such,a,sp,eed that they will disappear from,the,earth,in t,he near,future.,(2002,上,海,春,季,),A.,cut,C.,are,being,cut,B.are,cut,D.,had,been,cut,C,2.Whats,that,noise?,Oh,I,forgot,to,tell you.The,new,machine,.,(08,浙,江,A.was,tested,C.,is,being,tested,B.,will be,tested,D.has,been,tested,C,A.,sell,C.had,sold,B.,were,selling,D.have,sold,3.,I,walked slowly through,the,market,where peopleall kinds,of,fruits,and,vegetables,.I,studied,the,prices carefully,and bought,wh,at,I,needed.,（,10,湖,南,31,）,B,A.waited C.have,waited,B.had,been,waiting,D.am waiting,4.,Have,you got,any,job,offers?,No.I,D,.,(08,辽,宁,29),5.Has,Sam,finished,his,homework,today?,I have no,idea.Heit this,morning.,（,2004,年,全国卷,）,C,.,A.,did,was,doing,B.,has,done,D.,had,done,6.,Did,you see a man in,black,pass by ju st,now?,No,sir.,I,a,newspaper.,(07,四,川,30),A.,readB.w,as,r,C.would,read,ea,d,in,g,D,.,a,m,r,ea,d,i,n,g,15.(07,全,国,15),Is there anything wrong,，,Bob?,You,look sad.,Oh,，,nothing,much.In,fact,，,I,of,my,friends,back,home.,A.have,just,thought,B.was,just,thinking,C.would just think,D.will,just be,thinking,答,案,B,17.(07,北京,35),It,was,really,very,kind,of you,to,give,me a lift,home.,Oh,，,dont,mention,it.,I,past your house,a,nyway.,A.was,coming,d,come,B,.,w,ill com,e,C,.,ha,D.have,come,答案,A,解析句意为：“你让我搭便车回家真是太好了。”“噢,，不用客气，反正我当时正好经过你家。”此处用过去进 行时表示过去某个时间内正在进行的动作。,h,a,v,e,/,h,a,s,d,o,n,e,四,.,现,在,完成,时,基,本构成,：,基,本,用,法,:,1,表示,一,个,动,作发,生,在,过,去,已经,完,成,且,对,现,在,造,成,影,响,或,结,果,.,e.g.,He,has,left the,city.,（,结,果,:,他,不,在,这个,城,市,）,Someone,has,broken,the,window.,（,结,果,:,窗,户仍,破,着,）,2,表示一,个,动作从过,去,持,续,到现,在,且,可,能,继,续,持,续,下,去或可能到,此结,束,.,e.g.Great,changes have,taken,place,in,the past,ten yea rs.,She,has,taught in the school for ten,years.,用,现在,完,成,时,的,典,型,场,合,:,句,中,用,现,在完,成,时,1,“,since,过,去时,间点,”,.,e.g.I,havent,seen,(not,see)her,since last,week.,“,since,+,that,从,句,（,从,句,中,用,一,般,过,去,时,）”，,则主句中,用,现在完成,时,.,e.g.I,have,known,(not know),her,since,I,was,seven years,old.,2,句中,有,so,far,in,/during,the,past,/,last,.,ye,ar,s,fo,r,+,时,间,段,，,u,p,t,o,n,o,w,b,y,n,o,w,等,时,间,标,志,词,。,e.g.Up to,now,there,has been,(be)no,news.,(2009,全,国,),Progress,so far,ver,y,good and,we,are sure,that,the,work,will be,f,inished on,time.,A,was,C,has,been,B,had been,D,will be,C,3),现,在完,成时,还,常,和,以,下,词,连用,：,just,(,刚,刚,),、,recently,(,最,近,),、,before,(,以,前,),，,never,(,从,不,),，,already,(,已,经,),，,yet,(,已,经,),等,。,e.g.I,h,avent,finished,(finish),my,homework,yet.,I,am,busy,with,it.,e.g.,They,have,just,left.,3,“,It/This/That,is,the,first,（,second/third,）,time,that,从,句,”,或,“,It/This/That,is,the,only,that,从,句,”,或,“,It/,T,h,i,s,/,T,h,a,t,i,s,t,h,e,最,高级,t,h,a,t,从,句,”,e.g.,It/This/That,is the first time,that I have,come,to,Zhejiang.,It/This/That,is the only,party,that,I have,ever reallyenjoyed in my,life.,It/This/That,is the most interesting,book,tha,t I have,ever,read.,（,注,:,以,上,句,型,把,is,改,为,was,则从,句,时态,相,应,改,为过去完,成,时态,）,3.,现在,完,成,时,与,一,般过,去,时,态,的,区,别,:,1),现在,完,成,时,强,调,对,现,在,的,影,响,或,结,果,而,一,般,过,去,时,态,强调,这,一,个,动作,发,生,的,时间,是,过,去,。,2,）,一般,过,去,时,常,与,具,体,的,时,间,状语,连,用,，,而,现,在,完,成时,通,常,与,模,糊,的时,间,状,语,连用,，,或,无,时,间,状,语,。,一,般,过,去,时的,时,间,状,语,：,yesterday,last,wee,k,，,ago,in1980,in,October,just,now,等,，,皆,为,具,体,的时,间,状,语,。,现,在,完,成,时的,时,间,状,语,：,for,since,so,far,ev,er,never,just,yet,till/until,up,to,now,in,past,years,always,等,，,皆,不,确,定的,时,间,状,语,。,共,同,的,时,间状,语,：,this,morning,tonight,this April,now,already,recently,lately,等,e.g.,I,ve,live,d,h,e,r,e,f,o,r,t,e,n,y,ea,r,s,.,（,现,在,仍,住,在,这,儿,）,I,lived here for,ten,years.,（现,在,不,住,在,这,儿,）,H,e,h,a,s,b,o,u,g,h,t,a,h,o,u,s,e,.,（,现,在,已,拥,有,这,房,子,）,He,bought,a,house.,（现,在,拥,不,拥,有,这,房 子,不,知,道,只,是,知,道,买,了,房,子,现在,可,能,拥,有,也可,能,卖,掉,了,）,五,.,现在完,成进,行时,（,have/has,been,v-in,g,）,1.,一,般用,法,:,表,示现,在,以,前,一,段时,间,里,一直,在,进,行的动,作,这一,动,作可,能,仍,在进,行,也可,能,已,停,止,e.g.,-,I,-,t,-,h,Is,a,n,s,t,b,i,e,t,e,h,n,ar,r,d,ai,t,n,o,in,d,g,ri,s,v,i,e,nc,d,e,ow,tw,n,o,to,d,w,a,n,ys,to,a,w,go,o,.,rk?,to work,by,train.,-Yes,thats,why,I,have,been,going,have,gone,was,going,to,will,have,gone,六,.,过,去完,成,时,（,had,p.p.,）,表,示过,去,的,过,去,时间,状,语,before,by,until,whe n,after,once,e.g.,I,had hardly,opened,the,door,when,he,hit,me.,用,好,过去,完,成,时,关,键,在于,理解,它,的时,间是,“,过去,的,过,去,”,。,want,/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose,等,动,词的,过,去,完,成,时,不,定,式的,一,般,式,（等,于,这,些,动,词,的一,般,过,去,式,后,接,不,定,式的,完,成,式,）,表,示,过,去,未,曾,实,现,的,愿,望,、,打,算,、,想法,等,e.g.,I,had,meant,to,come,but,something,happened.,（,I,meant,to have come,but something,happe ned.,）,I,had intended,to,speak,at,the,meeting,but,time,di,dnt permit.,（,I,intended to have spoken at th,e,meeting,but,time didnt permit.,）,3.,一,些特,殊,句,型,中的,过,去,完,成,时,:,“,It/This/That,was,the,first,（,second/third,）,time,that,从,句”,或,“,It/This/That,was,the,only,that,从,句,”或,“,It/This/That,was,the,最,高,级,that,从,句,”,by,（,the,end,of,)/,by,the,time,过,去时,间,e,.g.,We,had,learnt 3,000 words,by,the,end,of last,term.,By,the,time he came,back,we had,repaired,the,ma chine.,no,sooner,than,;,hardly,/scarcely,when,No sooner,had he gone to,the,garden than his so,n,went,to,play with,his,classmates.,Hardly had he heard,the,news,when,he,cried.,七,.,将,来完,成,时,（,will/shall,have,p.p.,）,表示,到,将来某一,时,间,为,止,会,完成的动,作,e.g.,When,we,get,there,shell have,gone,to work.,by,（,the,end,of,）,将来,时,间,e.g.,We,will,have,learnt 3,000 words by,the,end,of,next,term.,By the,time,he,comes back,we,will,have,re,paired,the,machine.,与用,一,般现在时,态,表示将来,一,样,时,间状语,从,句和条件,状,语从,句,须,用,现在完成,时,表将,来,e.g.,Ill,go,with,you,when,I,have finished,my,work.,等我完成,工,作,以,后,我,就,同,你去,。,八,.,现在进,行时,（,be,v-ing,）,:,表示现在,（,指,说话人,说,话时）,正,在发生的,事,情,。,e.g.,W,e,r,e,h,av,i,n,g a,m,eet,i,n,g,.,（说话时,正,在进,行,的,动作,）,表示,现,阶段正在,进,行的动作或,表,示,长,期,的,或,重,复性的动作,，,说话时动,作,未必正在,进,行,。,H,e,i,s,t,e,a,c,h,i,n,g,i,n a,s,ch,oo,l,.,（,目,前,这,个,阶,段,正,在进行的动,作,）,现在进行,时,表示将,来,表示,按,计划或安,排,要,发,生的动,作,e.g.,Im leaving,tomorrow.,语,态,被,动,语态的构,成,方式,：,be/get,+,过,去,分,词,注,意,1.,主动,变,被动时,，,宾,补,成,主补,（,位置,不变,）；（,作补,语,的,）,不,定,式,前,需,加,to,。,The,boss,made,him,work,all day,long.,He was,made,to work,all day long(by,the,boss),短,语,动词变被,动,语态时,，,勿,要,掉“尾,巴,”,。,Your,pronunciation,should be,paid attention,to.,当,句子,的,谓,语,为,say,、,believe,、,expect,、,think,、,know,、,write,、,consider,、,report,等,时,，,被,动语态,有两,种形,式,:,（,A,）谓,语,动,词,用,被动语,态,，动词不,定,式作,主,补,。,（,B,）,用,it,作,形,式主语，,真,正的主,语,在,后面,用,从句来表,示,。如,：,He,is said,to,be,a smart,boy.,It is said that,he,is,a smart,boy.,.,不,用,被动,语,态,的,情,况,不,及,物,动,词,或不,及,物,动,词,短语,无,被,动,语态,。,例,如,：,（,错,）,The,price has been,risen.,（,对,）,The,price has,risen.,（,错,）,The,price has,raised.,（,对,）,The,price has been,raised.,（,错,）,Please,seat.,（,对,）,Please,be,seated.,要,想正,确地,使,用被,动,语,态,，,就,须,注,意,哪,些,动,词,是,及,物,的,，,哪,些,是,不,及,物,的,。,系,动,词,无,被,动,语态,，,如