Unit8THEDISCUSTHROWER市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件.pptx

THE DISCUS THROWER,Unit 8,Unit 8,THE DISCUS THROWER,Unit8,1/102,Watch the video and answer the following questions.,1.What is Mrs.Gumps attitude toward death?,Pre-reading Activities-,Audiovisual supplement 1,She seems quite peaceful in face of her own death.She seems to accept death as something she is destined to do.,This is probably because she thinks she has lived a satisfactory life.She believes that death is a part of life,something one is destined to do.She assumes that she has done the best she could to be a good woman.,2.Why does she have such an attitude?,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,2/102,Pre-reading Activities-,Audiovisual supplement 2,From,Forrest Gump,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,3/102,Forrest:,Wheres Momma?,Black woman:,Shes upstairs.,Mrs Gump:,Hah,Forrest!,Doctor:,Ill see you tomorrow.,Mrs Gump:,Fine.,Doctor:,Sure got you straightened out,didnt we boy?,Forrest:,Whats the matter,Momma?,Mrs.Gump:,Im dyin,Forrest.Come on in,sit down over here.,Forrest:,Why are you dyin,Momma?,Mrs.Gump:,Its my time.Its just my time.Oh,now,dont you be afraid,sweetheart.Death is just a part of life.Its something were all destined to do.I didnt know it,but I was destined to be your momma.I did the best I could.,Video Script1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,4/102,Video Script2,Forrest:,You did good,Momma.,Mrs.Gump:,Well,I happened to believe you make your own destiny.You have to do the best with what God gave you.,Forrest:,Whats my destiny,Momma?,Mrs.Gump:,Youre gonna have to figure that out for yourself.Life is a box of chocolates,Forrest.You never know what youre gonna get.,Forrest(V.O.):,Momma always had a way of explaining things so I could understand them.,Mrs.Gump:,I will miss you,Forrest.,Forrest(V.O.):,She had got the cancer and died on a Tuesday.I bought her a new hat with little flowers on it.,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,5/102,Video Script3,(EXT.BUS STOP,PRESENT The elderly woman and Forrest sit.The woman is crying and wipes her eyes with a hankie.),Forrest:,And thats all I have to say about that.Didnt you say you were waiting for the number 7 bus?,Elderly woman:,Therell be another one along shortly.,Forrest:,Now,because I had been a football star and war hero and national celebrity and a shrimping.,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,6/102,The Discus Thrower,What does the text tell you?,The last days of an amputee patient,His attitude?,The attitude of the doctor/the nurse?,Dealing with misfortunes,Ones own:,Five stages of grief,Others:Sympathy,respect,support,Dealing with dying patients,euthanasia(physician-assisted suicide):legalized?,hospice care(palliative therapy),Doctor-patient conflict,What is the key factor?,How to solve the problem?,7/102,The5StagesOfGRIEF,Griefis a somewhat complicated and misunderstood emotion.Yet,grief is something that,unfortunately,we must all experience at some time or other.We will all inevitably experience loss.Whether it is a loss through death,divorce or some other loss,the stages of grieving are the same.,There are five stages of grief.If we get stuck in one stage or the other,the process of grieving is not complete,and cannot be complete.Thus there will be no healing.A person MUST go through the five stages to be well again,to heal.Not everyone goes through the stages at the same time.It is different for each person.You cannot force a person through the stages,they have to go at their own pace,and you may go one step forward then take two steps backward,but this is all part of the process,and individual to each person.But,as stressed,ALL five stages must be completed for healing to occur.,8/102,The five stages of grief are:,1.Denial,This cant be happening to me,looking for the former spouse in familiar places,or if it is death,setting the table for the person or acting as if they are still in living there.No crying.Not accepting or even acknowledging the loss.,2.Anger,Why me?,feelings of wanting to fight back or get even with spouse of divorce,for death,anger at the deceased,blaming them for leaving.,9/102,3.Bargaining,Bargaining often takes place before the loss.Attempting to make deals with the spouse who is leaving,or attempting to make deals with God to stop or change the loss.Begging,wishing,praying for them to come back.,4.Depression,Overwhelming feelings of hopelessness,frustration,bitterness,self pity,mourning loss of person as well as the hopes,dreams and plans for the future.Feeling lack of control,feeling numb.Perhaps feeling suicidal.,10/102,5.Acceptance,There is a difference between resignation and acceptance.You have to accept the loss,not just try to bear it quietly.Realization that it takes two to make or break a marriage.Realization that the person is gone(in death)that it is not their fault,they didnt leave you on purpose.(even in cases of suicide,often the deceased person,was not in their right frame of mind)Finding the good that can come out of the pain of loss,finding comfort and healing.Our goals turn toward personal growth.Stay with fond memories of person.,Get help.You will survive.You will heal,even if you cannot believe that now,just know that it is true.To feel pain after loss is normal.It proves that we are alive,human.But we cant stop living.We have to become stronger,while not shutting off our feelings for the hope of one day being healed and finding love and/or happiness again.,11/102,遭遇不幸后五个阶段,美著名心理学家,Kubler-Ross,采访了众多身患绝症，即将逝世病人，从而总结出他们在得到不幸消息直到平静离去这中间过程。,一样五个阶段，也可适合用于人生众多不幸，比如失恋，丢失工作，等等。,第一个阶段：,Denial,拒绝相信,当人刚才知道不幸发生时，精神会受到很大震动，有时会超越精神所能承受能力。所以,Denial,是一个自我保护方式，先缓一缓，等缓过劲儿来了，再慢慢接收。,例：不会吧？这种事情怎么会在我身上发生？哪儿那么巧？会不会是查错了？再仔细查查！,第二个阶段：,Anger-,愤恨,当起初震动过后，当人也意识到不幸确实发生在自己身上时，往往产生一个愤恨情绪。这种愤恨能够是针对自己，针对妻子，丈夫，家人，假如是生病住院情况，可能会发泄到护士和医生身上。信教人有可能会怨恨上帝。失恋人会嫉恨和自己分手人。,12/102,第三个阶段,:Bargaining,讨价还价,愤恨之后，意识到愤恨也没用，这时还是想改变自己不幸现实状况，存有侥幸心理，希望奇迹发生。比如信佛人会乞求佛祖保佑，假如我病好了我去给你盖一座庙。有时会和医生讨价还价：大夫，我假如严格控制饮食，是不是还有希望。分手中男女有时会说，我们和好吧，我以后再也不发脾气了，我以后再也不怎样怎样了，只要你再给我一次机会。,第四个阶段：,Depression-,抑郁,当讨价还价不成功后，不幸彻底进入低谷，没有挽救余地。这时人会陷入抑郁中。抑郁和愤恨不一样。抑郁很多时侯感觉是麻痹，没有尤其显著激烈情感。吃不下饭，睡不香，干什么都没有兴趣，什么都提不起精神来。,第五个阶段,:Acceptance,接收,接收是遭遇不幸最终一个阶段，也是全部不幸人希望到达阶段。有些人可能一直无法接收事实，或者可能在接收与抑郁之间重复。但只有接收了才能到达心灵平静。,假如你遭遇不幸，或许不明白自己为何没有感觉，或为何那么愤恨，希望读了此篇，能了解到，你情绪都是正常。,13/102,Giving a talk,Topic A:How to resolve the doctor-patient conflict,Consolidation Activities,-,Giving a talk,number of doctors,quality of service,work ethics,legislation,rules,regulations,supervision,media,training,education,Words and phrases for reference,:,Vocabulary,Grammar,Translation,Integrated skills,Oral,activities,Writing,14/102,Structural analysis 1,This text is a piece of chronological narration about an amputee,a difficult and only semi-communicative patient who floundered in his last days in agony and depression and eventually died.,The text can be divided into three parts:,Part I,(Paragraph 1):,This part serves as an introduction to the background of the story.,Part II,(Paragraphs 2 13):,This part describes the strange behavior of a particular patient dubbed the“discus thrower”and his conflict with health workers.,Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,15/102,Structural analysis 2,Part III,(Paragraph 14 15):,The last part tells the readers about the patients death.,This narration also poses interesting challenges:what to think of this man,how to understand him,and how to treat him?Clearly the mans enigmatic speech and action are saying something,and Selzer suggests that few are listening.The story offers no answer,but it suggests that the kind of sympathy the narrator develops through watching the patient(though not expressed)is a good start.The patients provocative behavior and the storys openness make it a good point of departure for a discussion.,Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,16/102,1.,Ought not a doctor to observe his patients by any means and from any stance that he might take for the more fully assemble evidence?,(Paragraph 1),2.,Is he mute as well as blind?,(Paragraph 3),3.,What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink?Is he remembering a time when he was whole?Does he dream of feet?Or when his body was not a rotting log?,(Paragraph 6),Rhetorical Features 1,A notable feature of this text is,the extensive use of questions on the part of the narrator,.He asks questions in his dialogue with the patient,and he also asks himself questions.,First look at the questions he asks himself:,For example:,Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,17/102,Rhetorical Features 2,These questions call for no answer but they reveal the inner thoughts of the narrator.He seems to be trying to place himself in the position of the patient to feel a better understanding of the patients psychology.,Now look at the questions he asks in his dialogue with the patient:,For example:,1.,How are you?,(Paragraph 5),2.,How do you feel?,(Paragraph 5),3.,Anything more I can do for you?,(Paragraph 7),All these questions help to show that the doctor is very patient with and,responsible for his patient.,Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,18/102,Rhetorical Features 3,Practice:,Study the text and pick out other questions he asks,and see how these questions help reveal his attitude towards the patient.,Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,19/102,THE DISCUS THROWER,Richard Selzer,1 I,spy,on my patients.Ought not a doctor to observe his patients by any means and from any,stance,that he might the more fully assemble evidence?So I stand in the doorways of hospital rooms and gaze.Oh,it is not all that,furtive,an act.Those in bed need only look up to discover me.But they never do.,Detailed reading 1,Detailed reading,20/102,Detailed reading 2,2 From the doorway of Room 542 the man in the bed seems deeply tanned.Blue eyes and close-cropped white hair give him the appearance of vigor and good health.But I know that his skin is not brown from the sun.,It is rusted,rather,in the last stage of containing the vile repose within,.And the blue eyes are,frosted,looking inward like the windows of a snowbound cottage.This man is blind.This man is also legless the right leg missing from midthigh down,the left from just below the knee.,It gives him the look of a,bonsai,roots and branches pruned into the,dwarfed,facsimile,of a great tree.,Detailed reading,21/102,Detailed reading 3-4,3,Propped,on pillows,he,cups,his right thigh in both hands.Now and then he shakes his head as though acknowledging the intensity of his suffering.In all of this he makes no sound.Is he mute as well as blind?,4 The room in which he dwells is empty of all possessions no get-well cards,small,private caches of food,day-old flowers,slippers,all the usual kickshaws of the sick room.There is only the bed,a chair,a nightstand,and a tray on wheels that can be,swung,across his lap for meals.,Detailed reading,22/102,5 “What time is it?”he asks.,“Three oclock.”,“Morning or afternoon?”,“Afternoon.”,He is silent.There is nothing else he wants to know.,“How are you?”I say.,“Who are you?”he asks.,“Its the doctor.How do you feel?”,He does not answer right away.,“Feel?”he says.,“I hope you feel better,”I say.,I press the button at the side of the bed.,“Down you go,”I say.,“Yes,down,”he says.,Detailed reading 5,Detailed reading,23/102,Detailed reading 6,6 He falls back upon the bed awkwardly.,His stumps,unweighted by legs and feet,rise in the air,presenting themselves.,I unwrap the bandages from the stumps,and begin to cut away the black scabs and the dead,glazed fat with scissors and forceps.A shard of white bone comes loose.I pick it away.I wash the wounds with disinfectant and redress the stumps.All this while,he does not speak.What is he thinking behind those lids that do not blink?Is he remembering a time when he was whole?Does he dream of feet?Or when his body was not a rotting log?,Detailed reading,24/102,7 He lies solid and inert.In spite of everything,he remains impressive,as though he were a sailor standing,athwart,a slanting deck.,“Anything more I can do for you?”I ask.,For a long moment he is silent.,“Yes,”he says at last and without the least irony.“You can bring me a pair of shoes.”,In the corridor,the head nurse is waiting for me.,“We have to do something about him,”she says.“Every morning he orders scrambled eggs for breakfast,and,instead of eating them,he picks up the plate and throws it against the wall.”,Detailed reading 7.1,Detailed reading,25/102,Detailed reading 7.2-8,“Throws his plate?”,“Nasty.Thats what he is.No wonder his family doesnt come to visit.They probably cant stand him any more than we can.”,She is waiting for me to do something.,“Well?”,“Well see,”I say.,8 The next morning I am waiting in the corridor when the kitchen delivers his breakfast.I watch the aide place the tray on the stand and swing it across his lap.She presses the button to raise the head of the bed.Then she leaves.,Detailed reading,26/102,Detailed reading 9-10,9,In time,the man reaches to find the rim of the tray,then on to find the dome of the covered dish.He lifts off the cover and places it on the stand.He,fingers across,the plate until he,probes,the eggs.,He lifts the plate in both hands,sets it on the palm of his right hand,centers it,balances it.,He,hefts,it up and down slightly,getting the feel on it.Abruptly,he draws back his right arm as far as he can.,10,There is the crack of the plate breaking against the wall at the foot of his bed and the small wet sound of the scrambled eggs dropping to the floor.,Detailed reading,27/102,11 And then he laughs.,It is a sound you have never heard.It is something new under the sun.It could cure cancer.,Out in the corridor,the eyes of the head nurse narrow.,“Laughed,did he?”,She writes something down on her clipboard.,12 A second aide arrives,brings a second breakfast tray,puts it on the nightstand,out of his reach.,She looks over at me shaking her head and making her mouth go.,I see that we are to be,accomplices,.,Detailed reading 11-12,Detailed reading,28/102,Detailed reading 13,13 “Ive got to feed you,”she says to the man.,“Oh,no,you dont,”the man says.,“Oh,yes,I do,”the aide says,“after the way you just did.Nurse says so.”,“Get me my shoes,”the man says.,“Heres the oatmeal,”the aide says.“Open.”And she touches the spoon to his lower lip.,“I ordered scrambled eggs,”says the man.,“Thats right,”the aide says.,I step forward.,“Is there anything I can do?”I say.,“Who are you?”the man asks.,Detailed reading,29/102,Detailed reading 14-15,14 In the evening I go once more to that ward to,make my rounds,.The head nurse reports to me that Room 542 is,deceased,.She has discovered this by accident,she says.No,there had been no sound.Nothing.Its a blessing,she says.,15 I go into his room,a spy looking for secrets.He is still there in his bed.His face is relaxed,grave,dignified.After a while,I turn to leave.My gaze sweeps the wall at the foot of the bed,and I see the place where it has been repeatedly washed,where the wall looks very clean and white.,Detailed reading,30/102,Detailed reading1-,Question,Does the docto