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,Grammar,专题四名词性从句,PART,1,高频考点清单,PART,2,重温高考真题,PART,3,热考点集训,PART,1,高频考点清单,名词性从句,(,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,),中连接词的运用,名词性从句中的连接词有从属连词,that/whether/if,，连接代词,what/who/,which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever,，连接副词,where/when/,why/how/wherever/whenever,。,1.that,的用法。,(1),主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用,that,但不能省略。,That they are good at English is known to us all.,The problem is that we don,t have enough money.,The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false.,(2),一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词,that,可省略，但在以下几种情况中,that,一般不省略：,(A),当,that,从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；,(B),有多个,that,引导的从句时，第一个,that,可以省略，而其他的,that,常不可省略；,(C),介词,except,，,but,，,besides,，,in,等后跟,that,引导的宾语从句时；,(D),当,when,，,who,，,what,，,where,，,why,，,how,等引导的从句与,that,引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。,He judged that,，,because he was a child,，,he did not understand wine.,The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.,Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.,(3)that,和,what,的区别。,that,引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而,what,引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，,what,可以分解成定语从句中的,“,先行词关系代词,”,，即常说的,“,先行词,that,/,which,/,who,”,。,It,s a shame that he has made such a mistake.,I will do what I can(do)to help him.,(4),同位语从句与定语从句中,that,的区别。,同位语从句中的连接词,that,只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词,that,在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连接词,that,而不能用,which,。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：,news,，,fact,，,suggestion,，,truth,，,plan,，,belief,，,doubt,，,possibility,，,idea,等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。,They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(,同位语从句,),The hope they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(,定语从句,),2.whether,和,if,的用法。,(1)whether,和,if,在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用,whether,。,It all depends on whether they will come back.,(2),后面直接跟,or not,时用,whether,。,I didn,t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.,(3),主语从句、表语从句中只能用,whether,。,Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.,The question is whether they have so much money.,(4)whether,可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，,if,则不能。,We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.,(5)whether,常与,or,连用表示一种选择，,if,不能这样用；,whether,也可与动词不定式连用但,if,不能。,The question of whether they are male or female is not important.,I have not decided whether to go or not.,(6),间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用,whether,不用,if,。,Thank you,，,but whether I,ll be free I,m not sure at the moment.,(7)whether,可引导一个让步状语从句表示,“,不管,”,、,“,无论,”,，而,if,不能。,Whether he comes or not,，,we will begin our party on time.,3.,疑问词,-ever,和,no matter,疑问词的区别。,(1),疑问词,-ever,可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。,Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.,You can choose whatever you like in the shop.,(2),疑问词,-ever,还可引导让步状语从句。,Whoever breaks the rule,，,he must be punished.,Whatever you do,，,you must do it well.,(3)no matter,疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。,No matter what you do,，,you must put your heart into it.,No matter who comes late,，,he must be punished.,4.when,和,where,引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。,when,和,where,前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则,when,和,where,引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。,They put forward the question where they could get the money.(,同位语从句,),This is the place where the accident happened.(,定语从句,),主语从句的核心考点,1.,主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用,it,作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。,2.that,引导主语从句时可用,it,作形式主语，,that,不可省；,what,引导的主语从句表示,“,的东西,”,时，一般不用,it,作形式主语；,whatever,，,whoever,，,whichever,一般也不用,it,作形式主语。,That she will succeed is certain.,It is certain that she will succeed.,What he needs is more experience.,常见的,it,替代,that,引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：,(1)It,系动词形容词,(necessary,，,right,，,likely,，,unlikely,，,wrong,，,important,，,certain,，,clear,，,obvious,，,strange,，,normal,等,),that,从句,It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.,(2)It,be,名词,(,短语,)(a pity,，,a shame,，,good news,，,a fact,，,an honour,，,a wonder,，,no wonder,等,),that,从句,It,s no wonder that you,ve achieved so much success.,(3)It,be,过去分词,(said,，,told,，,heard,，,reported,，,decided,，,suggested,，,advised,，,ordered,，,remembered,，,thought,，,considered,，,well-known,，,announced,等,),that,从句,It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.,(4)It,特殊动词,(seem,，,appear,，,happen,，,matter),that,从句,It happened to me that I had been away when he called.,注意：,(1),在,“,It is necessary,/,important,/,strange/natural.,that,从句,”,结构中，从句谓语常用,“,(should,),动词原形,”,形式。,(2),在,“,It,be,suggested,/,advised/ordered/requested,/,insisted/required.,that,从句,”,结构中，,that,从句谓语应用,“,(should,),动词原形,”,。,题组训练,1,用适当的连接词填空,1.,Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.,2.It is obvious,you,ve made a big mistake.,3.It was never clear,the man hadn,t reported the accident sooner.,4.,he did that wasn,t quite clear.,5.It is still under discussion,the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.,查看答案,What,that,that,Why,whether,宾语从句的核心考点,1.,动词的宾语从句,(1),大多数动词,(hope,，,tell,，,say,等,),可以带宾语从句。,We all expect that they will win,，,for members of their team are stronger.,I don,t think you are right.,I don,t suppose he cares,，,does he?,(2),动词,find,，,feel,，,think,，,consider,，,make,，,believe,等后有宾语补足语时，则需要,it,作形式宾语而将,that,宾语从句后置。,I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.,(3),有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加,it,。这类动词,(,短语,),有,hate,，,enjoy,，,like,，,love,，,dislike,，,see to,等。,I hate it when they talk with their mouths full.,2.,一般情况下介词后只能用,wh-,类连接词引导宾语从句。,We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.,注意：,(1)where,引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语。,We could see the temple quite clearly from where we lived.,(2)that,引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的，只有在,except,，,in,，,but,等介词后偶尔可能用到。,Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose.,(3)sure,，,certain,，,glad,，,pleased,，,happy,，,surprised,等表示,“,情感,”,的形容词后也可带宾语从句。,I,m sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.,题组训练,2,用适当的连接词填空,1.The shocking news made me realize,terrible problems we would face.,2.We,ve offered her the job,，,but I don,t know,she,ll accept it.,3.The villagers have already known,we,ll do is to rebuild the bridge.,4.His writing is so confusing that it,s difficult to make out,it is he is trying to express.,5.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach,they should read first.,查看答案,what,whether/if,what,what,how,1.,主句的主语是,idea,，,advice,，,suggestion,，,order,，,request,，,requirement,等名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即,“,(should,),动词原形,”,的形式。,His suggestion is that we(should)change our course.,2.,主语为名词,reason,时，表语从句中的连接词要用,that,，而不用,why,或,because,。,The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much.,3.because,，,as if,，,as though,，,as,，,like,等连接词也可引导表语从句。,He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.,表语从句的核心考点,题组训练,3,用适当的连接词填空,1.I am afraid he,s more of a talker than a doer,，,which is,he never finishes anything.,2.I,d like to start my own businessthat,s,I,d do if I had the money.,3.The reason why he didn,t go to school was,he fell ill.,4.He came late.That was,he got up late.,5.The question is,we can reduce the cost of the product.,查看答案,why,what,that,because,whether,同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词的内容的从句。,1.,能接同位语从句的名词有：,belief,，,fact,，,hope,，,idea,，,doubt,，,news,，,conclusion,，,suggestion,，,problem,，,order,，,answer,，,decision,，,explanation,，,information,，,thought,等。,2.,同位语从句一般用,that,引导，但也可以用连接代词,(what,，,which,，,who),、连接副词,(when,，,where,，,why,，,how),或,whether,引导。,I have no idea what has happened to him.,3.,有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。,The story goes that William Tell did kill the king with that sword.,同位语从句的核心考点,题组训练,4,用适当的连接词填空,1.There is clear evidence,the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.,2.When the news came,th,e war broke out,，,he decided to serve in the arm,y.,3.I have no idea,they will be back and settle down.,4.The possibility,the majority of the labour force will work at home is a trend.,5.The question,so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion.,查看答案,that,that,when,that,why,PART,2,重温高考真题,1.By boat is the only way to get here,，,which is,we arrived.,(2018,江苏，,21),A.where B.when,C.why D.how,答案,解析,解析,考查表语从句的引导词。句意为：坐船是到达这里的唯一方法，这就是我们如何,(how),到达的。,where,表地点；,when,表时间；,why,表原因；,how,表方式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.Without his support,，,we wouldn,t be,we are now.(2018,北京，,11),A.how B.when,C.where D.why,答案,解析,解析,考查表语从句的引导词。根据句意可知应该选,C,项，,where,引导表语从句。句意为：假如没有他的支持，我们就不会取得现在的成就。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.This is,my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.(2018,北京，,15),A.how B.which,C.that D.what,答案,解析,解析,考查表语从句的引导词。这是一个含有表语从句的复合句，所选答案在从句中作,teach,的直接宾语，因此应该选,D,项。,how,不能用作宾语；,which,引导表语从句时意为,“,哪个，哪些,”,，不合逻辑；,that,引导表语从句时在从句中不作成分。句意为：这就是父亲教我的,总是直面困难，并且抱最大的希望。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.The gold medal will be awarded to,wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018,天津，,9),A.whomever B.wherever,C.whoever D.whatever,答案,解析,解析,考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：金牌将被授予在自行车比赛中获得,第一名的人。介词,to,后是宾语从句，从句中动词,wins,前缺主语，而且金牌给的是,“,人,”,，故用,whoever,引导宾语从句。,whomever,在从句中作宾语，故排除。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,，,half of,it used to charge.(2017,江苏，,26),A.that B.which,C.what D.how,答案,解析,解析,考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了,20,美元，这是它以前要价的一半。从句意看，本句的,half of,部分在句中作,$20,的同位语，由此可知这里要用,what,引导宾语从句，作介词,of,的宾语，同时,what,在宾语从句中又作,charge,的宾语，因此选,C,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,6.She asked me,I had returned the books to the library,，,and I admitted that I hadn,t.(2017,天津，,4),A.when B.where,C.whether D.what,答案,解析,解析,考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：她问我是否,(whether),已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认还没还。,when,什么时候；,where,在哪里；,what,什么，均不符合语境。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,7.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street,，,not knowing,she was heading.(2017,北京，,26),A.why B.where,C.how D.when,答案,解析,解析,考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，并不知道要去哪里,(where),。,why,为什么；,how,怎样；,when,什么时候。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,8.Every year,，,makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017,北京，,23),A.whatever B.whoever,C.whomever D.whichever,答案,解析,解析,考查主语从句的引导词。句意为：每年，在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人会赢得奖品。,whoever,无论谁，表泛指，在句中作主语，相当于,anyone who,。,whomever,在句中只能作宾语，不合题意；,whatever,任何,的事物；,whichever,无论哪个，无论哪些。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,9.It is often the case,anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.,(2016,江苏，,21),A.why B.what,C.as D.that,答案,解析,解析,考查主语从句的引导词。句意为：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的,it,为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故要用,that,引导。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,10.The manager put forward a suggestion,we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016,天津，,11),A.whether B.that,C.which D.what,答案,解析,解析,考查同位语从句。句意为：经理提了个建议,我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明,suggestion,的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选,B,项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,11.Your support is important to our work.,you can do helps.,(2016,北京，,24),A.However B.Whoever,C.Whatever D.Wherever,答案,解析,解析,考查主语从句的引导词。句意为：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词,do,需要宾语，且引导主语从句，故用,whatever,，表示,“,无论什么,”,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,12.,Li Bai,，,a great Chinese poet,，,was born is known to the public,，,but some won,t accept it.(2015,江苏，,25),A.That B.Why,C.Where D.How,答案,解析,解析,考查主语从句。句意为：李白，一个伟大的中国诗人，其出生地是众所周知的，但也有一些人不接受它。,“,Where Li Bai.was born,”,作该句子的主语，表示,“,李白出生的地方,”,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,13.I truly believe,beauty comes from within.(2015,北京，,33),A.that B.where,C.what D.why,答案,解析,解析,考查宾语从句。句意为：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整只缺连接词，故选,A,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,14.,we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.,(2015,北京，,35),A.Where B.How,C.Why D.When,答案,解析,解析,考查名词性从句的引导词。句意为：我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉到的东西有很大关系。,分析句子结构可知,“,we understand things,”,为主语从句，结合句意可知选,B,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,15.A ship in harbor is safe,，,but that,s not,ships are built for.,(2015,安徽，,25),A.what B.whom,C.why D.when,答案,解析,解析,考查表语从句的引导词。句意为：船停在港口里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。,isn,t,后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的,for,后缺少宾语，用,what,引导，故选,A,。,why,和,when,是连接副词，不能作宾语；,whom,指人。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,16.Reading her biography,，,I was lost in admiration for,Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.(2015,陕西，,19),A.what B.that,C.why D.how,答案,解析,解析,考查名词性从句。句意为：读了多丽丝,莱辛的传记，我对她在文学上获得的成就钦佩不已。分析句子结构可知，介词,for,后接的是宾语从句，从句中缺少,achieve,的宾语，故用,what,引导。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,17.The exhibition tells us,we should do something to stop air pollution.,(2015,四川，,8),A.where B.why,C.what D.which,答案,解析,解析,考查宾语从句。句意为：这个展览告诉了我们为什么我们要阻止空气污染。宾语从句缺少状语，故选项,C,、,D,错误；,where,引导地点状语从句，不符合题意，故选,B,，表示,“,的原因,”,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,18.What a mess,！,You are always so lazy!,I,m not to blame,，,mum.I am,you have made me.(2014,江苏，,26),A.how B.what,C.that D.who,答案,解析,解析,考查名词性从句。句意为：,这么乱！你总是这么懒！,妈妈，要怪也不应当怪我啊。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。分析句子结构可知，,I am,后是表语从句，引导词,what,在从句中作,me,的补足语，相当于,the one,/,person that,，即,I am the one,/,person that you have made me.,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,19.Pick yourself up.Courage is doing,you,re afraid to do.,(2014,福建，,34),A.that B.what,C.how D.whether,答案,解析,解析,考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导一个宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作,do,的宾语，故用,what,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,20.The best moment for the football star was,he scored the winning goal.,(2014,北京，,30),A.where B.when,C.how D.why,答案,解析,解析,考查名词性从句。句意为：对于这位足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。,was,后面为表语从句，是对主语,The best moment,的解释说明，表语从句中缺少时间状语，故选,B,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,PART,3,热考点集训,1.I suspect,Emily was lying when she described the incident,，,for I know her well.(2018,南通、泰州一调，,32),A.whether B.that,C.what D.how,答案,解析,解析,suspect,为,“,怀疑，猜疑,”,，引导一个宾语从句，描述的是一件事，用,that,。,I suspect that.,我怀疑,。根据句意,“,我怀疑艾米莉描述这个事件时在说谎,”,。故选,that,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,2.Now my hometown is not at all,a traveler who visited it ten years ago can expect.,A.that B.what,C.which D.where,答案,解析,解析,句意为：现在我的家乡不再是十年前来参观的游客所想象的那样了。通过分析句子可知，,who visited it ten years ago,为修饰,a traveler,的定语从句，,what,充当,expect,的宾语，引导整个句子,what a traveler who visited it ten years ago can expect,作,is,的表语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,3.You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of,you think your real interests lie.(2018,盐城中学段考，,30),A.that B.what,C.where D.how,答案,解析,解析,句意为：你应当首先开发你的天赋，了解自己，以便于列出一个你认为你真正的兴趣所在的地方的名单。此处为,where,引导的宾语从句，作为介词,of,的宾语，同时,where,在宾语从句中作地点状语。故选,C,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,4.The best student of the year shared his experience of,he had managed to achieve excellence in his preparation for the College Entrance Examination.,(2018,南京高淳区、淮海中学、盐城中学、淳辉高中等,97,校联考，,32),A.if B.how,C.what D.that,答案,解析,解析,if,是否；,how,如何；,what,什么；,that,无实意。句意为：今年最优秀的学生分享了他在准备高考时如何做到优秀的经历。此处表示如何取得优秀的，故选,B,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,5.,says that school years are the best time of one,s life is probably an adultone who,s forgotten the hard work of being at school.,(2018,无锡高三上期中，,35),A.Whatever B.Whichever,C.Whomever D.Whoev
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