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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,主谓一致标准,1/23,I _(be)a student.He _(be)a teacher.We _(be)all working hard.,2.I _(have)a lot of story books.,一、语法一致性标准：即主语是,单数,，谓语动,词就使用,单数形式,；主语是,复数,，谓语动词就,使用,复数形式,。,主谓一致标准:,在英语句子中,谓语动词必须保持与主语人称和数一致性所应遵照标准.,am,is,are,have,2/23,Someone _(be)waiting for you.,2.There _(be)nothing in the box.,3.No one _(know)the truth.,is,is,know,s,注1:由不定代词,every,some,no,any,与,thing,body,或,one,合成不定代词在句中作主语时都视为单数,所以谓语动,词要使用,单数形式,.,1.Li Ming and Li Hua _(be)brothers.,2.The singer and the dancer,_,(come)from Xian.,3.The singer and dancer _(come)from Xian.,4.Bread and butter _(be)her favorite food.,are,come,come,s,注2:两个或两个以上并列主语由,and,连接时,假如表示,不一样概念,谓语动词用,复数,假如表示,同一概念,谓语动词要用,单数,.(通常共用一个冠词,表示兼属),is,3/23,1.Every man and every woman _(attend)the,meeting.,2.Many a boy and many a girl _(have)read the book.,3.More than one student _(like)playing basketball.,attend,s,has,like,s,注3:用“,every/each/no/many a/more than one/,no less than one,+,单数名词,”作主语时,谓语动词用,单数,.,二、意义一致性标准:,主、谓语一致不是依据其外部语法形态来决定,而是取决于主语所表示内在含义.主语形式虽为单数,但在意义上却为复数,谓语动词应采取,复数形式,;主语形式虽为复,数,但在意义上视为单数,谓语动词应采取,单数形式,.,4/23,1.Half of her money _(be)spent on clothes.,2.Half of the students _(be)from the country.,3.About one third of farmers _(be)getting rich.,4.About one third of the water _(have)been wasted,5.Most of his time _(be)wasted.,6.Most of the windows _(have)been cleaned.,注1:由“all,some,half,most,none,neither,part,plenty,a lot,the rest,majority,percentage 以及小数,分数,百分数+,不可数名词,”作主语时,谓语动词用,单数形式,.,由“all,some,half,most,none,neither,part,plenty,lot,the rest,percentage,majority以及小数,分数,百分数+,可数名词复数形式,”作主语时,谓语动词用,复数形式,.,is,are,are,has,is,have,5/23,a couple of+,复数名词+复数动词,a group of+,复数名词+复数动词,a great/good deal of/a large amount of+,不可数名词+单数动词,a lot of/lots of/a large quantity of/quantities of/plenty of+,不可数名词+单数动词或复数名词+复数动词,a lot of/lots of/a large quantity of/quantities of/plenty of+,复数名词+复数动词,6/23,1.The people in the city _(be)very friendly.,2.The cattle _(be)eating grass in the field.,are,are,注,2:,people,police,cattle,等作主语时,谓语动词要用,复数形式,.,1.My family _(enjoy)sports and games.,2.My family _(have)moved into the new house.,enjoy,has,注3:集体名词:,family,government,class,crew,team,group,staff,audience,committee,public,等作主语时,假如作为一个整体对待，谓语动词用单数，强调群体中每一个详细组员，谓语动词用复数。,7/23,1.The injured _(have)been taken to hospital.,2.The young _(be)required to respect the old.,3.The new _(be)sure to take the place of the old.,have,are,is,注4:“,the,+形容词/动词过去分词”作主语,表示,一类人,时,谓语,动词用,复数形式,.,“,the,+形容词”作主语,表示,某个抽象概念,时，谓语动词用,单数,形式,.,1.The news _(be)exciting.,2.Physics _(be)difficult to learn.,is,is,注5:有些以,s,结尾名词并非复数,所以他们在作主语时,谓语,动词要使用单数形式.如:,news,politics,maths,physics,economics,等.,8/23,1.Three million tons of steel _(be)produced in the,factory last year.,2.There _(be)500 square kilometers of sand.,were,are,注6:不可数名词前假如有表示,详细数量复数名词,修饰时,其谓语动词用,复数形式,.,1.A number of students _(be)diligent.,2.The number of students _(be)increasing.,are,is,a number of/numbers of+,可数名词复数 谓语动词用复数形式 表“许多”,the number of+,可数名词复数 谓语动词用单数形式 表“数量”,What _(be)the population of Europe now?,is,注7：population 作主语,表示“人口”时，谓语动词通惯用,单数形式。,9/23,1.A sheep _(be)under the tree.,2.A flock of sheep _(be)near the tree.,3.All possible means _(have)been tried.,4.Every possible means _(have)been tried.,is,are,have,has,单复数同形名词如：sheep,deer,means（方法）,works（工厂）,species（种类）作主语时，谓语动词要随名词概念不一样而用对应,单、复数,。,Chinese _(be)rather difficult to learn.,The Chinese _(be)very hard working,.,is,are,Chinese,English,French,Japanese 等作主语表示语言时，谓语动词用单数；表示某国人时，谓语动词用复数。,10/23,A pair of trousers _(be)found under the bed.,His trousers _(be)of good quality.,was,are,表示衣物或工具等名词，如：trousers,shoes,scissors,glasses,compasses,chopsticks是由两部分组成，单独作主语时，,谓语动词普通用复数,；但假如与“a pair of”等表示数量单位短语一起组成主语时，,谓语动词则用单数形式。,The United Nations _(be)in New York City.,The Olympic Games _(be)held every four years.,is,is,作主语复数专有名词指一个国家、地域、机构、奥运会或一物时，用,单数动词,。,Such _(be)his life.,Such _(be)the facts.,is,are,作主语such指人时，用复数动词；指物时，谓语用单数还是复数应视其含义而定。,11/23,三、整体性标准：,主语从句，不定式，动名词短语，以及,表示时间，距离，金钱，价格等复数名词用作主语时，普通视,为一个整体，谓语动词使用,单数形式,。,1.Reading _(be)a pleasure.,2.100 dollars _(be)not a small number.,3.5000 miles _(be)a long distance.,4.When we will go to Beijing _(be)not yet decided.,5.To help poor people _(be)our duty.,is,is,is,is,is,1.What he wants _(be)money,while what we want,_(be)good books.,2.What he says and does _(do)not agree.,is,are,do,注:what 引导主语从句 表语是单数,谓语动词用,单数形式,;,表语是复数,谓语动词用复数形式.表示两件事时谓语动词,用,复数形式,.,12/23,1.Either Ann or Jane _(come)from USA.,2.Neither he nor I _(have)finish the work.,3.Not only his family but also he _(like)Chaplins,movies.,4.There _(be)five pens and a book on the desk.,comes,have,likes,are,四、就近标准:,即由成正确连词,eitheror/neithernor/,not onlybut also/not but/there be,等连接两个主语,其谓语动词和邻近那个主语保持一致.,1.He as well as his family _(like)Chaplins novels.,2.No one except my parents _(know)anything,about it.,3.She,like her classmates,_(be)good at singing.,likes,knows,is,五、附加性标准:,由,with/together with/but/except/like/,as well as,等连接名词或代词,它只是主语附加成份,其谓语,动词仍依照前面名词或代词来确定.(也叫就前标准),13/23,I,who _(be)your friend,will try to help you.,am,Do you know the singer and dancer who _(be)standing there?,is,Do you know the singer and the dancer who _(be)standing there?,are,This is one of the best novels that _(be)written by Lu Xun.,were,He is the only one of the students who _(be)late.,is,假如主谓一致是在定语从句中考查，则要注意从句谓语动词要先与先行词保持一致。不过假如先行词有one of修饰时，定语从句谓语动词要用,复数,；假如先行词有the one of或the only one of修饰时，定语从句谓语动词要用,单数,。,14/23,1.He and I _(be)good friends.,2.Each minute and(each)second _(be)valuable to us.,3.No sound and(no)voice _(be)heard.,4.He or his brothers _(be)this afternoon.,5.Either he or you _(have)hidden my book.,6.He as well as you _(be)warm-hearted.,7.He is only one of the teachers,who _(be)devoted to teaching.,8.Someone I do not know _(be)coming.,9.Niagara Falls _(be)the largest waterfall in America.,are,is,is,are,have,is,are,is,is,15/23,10.Three years _(be)too long a time for me to wait.,11.Which _(be)prettier,these or those?,12.What he needs _(be)some helpers.,13.Six million tons of coal _(be)exported last year.,14.100 miles _(be)covered in a single night.,15.Such as(Those who)_(have)plenty of money do not want for friends.,16.The French _(be)famous for their good wines.,17.“Politics _(be)more difficult than physics,”said Einstein.,18.Early to bed and early to rise _(make)a man healthy,wealthy and wise.,is,are,are,were,have,are,is,was,makes,16/23,19.The majority of students _(find)it quite hard to live on the amount of money they get.,20.What percentage of children _(be)absent yesterday?,21.What percentage of his income _(be)paid in income tax?,22.A pair of scissors _(have)been taken.,23.Those are mine,Bob;the rest _(be)yours.,24.There _(be)only a small quantity of water left.,25.Which _(be)more valuable,health or wealth?,find,were,is,has,are,is,is,17/23,练习:,1.,Nobody but Jane _ the secret.,A.know B.knows,C.have known D.is known (86),2,.Everyone,men and women,old and young _ sports and games.,is enjoyB.were enjoying,C.enjoysD.enjoy,3.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _,tired of having one examination after another.,A.is B.are,C.am D.be(89),B,C,B,18/23,4.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.have offered,C.are offered D.has offered(90)5.The number of people invited _ fifty,but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.A.were,was B.was,was,C.was,were D.were,were (96)6.This is one of the most interesting questions,that _ asked.A.have B.has,C.have been D.has been,A,C,C,19/23,7.The singer and the dancer _ come to,the meeting.A.has B.have,C.are D.is8.I have finished a large part of the book;,the rest _more difficult.A.is B.are,C.was D.were9.The wounded _ by the hospital.A.have been taken in C.has been taken inC.have taken in D.has taken in,B,A,A,20/23,10.All but one _ here just now.,A.is B.was C.has been D.were,11.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.,A.is B.are C.am D.be,12.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.,A.is not decided B.are not decided,C.has not decided D.have not decided,13._of the land in that district _ with trees and grass.,A.Two fifth,is B.Two fifth,are,C.Two fifths,is D.Two fifths,are,D,B,A,C,21/23,14.,Between the two rows of trees _ the teaching building.,A.stand B.stands C.standing D.are,15.All that can be done _.,A.has been done B.has done,C.have done D.were done,16.They each _ a new dictionary.,A.has B.have C.is D.are,17.One of the boys who _ my friends _ very good at English.,A.is,are B.are,is C.is,is D.are,are,18.It is high time that your daughter _ sent to school.,A.is B.was C.will be D.be,B,A,B,B,B,22/23,Thank you!,Good bye!,23/23,
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