医学术语专题知识培训.pptx

,按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,#,医学术语专题知识培训,医学术语专题知识培训,第1页,內容大綱,學習目标,醫學術語組合,常見縮寫,病歷範例,應用實例,簡易解剖圖解,結語,医学术语专题知识培训,第2页,學習目标,醫學術語是醫護、醫療管理,相互間溝通專業語言,幫助學習者發展對醫療語言,閱讀與了解能力,進一步應用於實務作業,医学术语专题知识培训,第3页,醫學術語組合,字根法,(Word Root),字尾法,(Suffix),字首法,(Prefix),多重組合,(Multiple combination),聯結母音,(a,e,i,o,u),医学术语专题知识培训,第4页,字根法,(Root),Cardi/o=heart,心臟,Hepat/o=liver,肝臟,Pneum/o=lung,肺臟,Nephr/o=kidney,腎臟,Ren/o=kidney,腎臟,Arthr/o=joint,關節,Cerebr/o=cerebrum,腦,医学术语专题知识培训,第5页,字根法,(Root),Gastr/o=stomach,胃,Enter/o=intestine,腸,Derm/a=skin,皮膚,Psych/o=mental,精神,Hemat/o=blood,血液,Oste/o=bone,骨頭,Pancreat/o=pancreose,胰臟,Splen/o=spleen,脾臟,医学术语专题知识培训,第6页,字尾法,(Suffix),Endoscopy=endo+scopy,in +examination,內部,+,鏡檢,(,法、術,),Gastritis=gastr+itis,stomach+inflammation,胃,+,發炎,Nephrotomy=nephro+tomy,kidney +incision,腎,+,切開,医学术语专题知识培训,第7页,字尾法,(Suffix),Splenomegaly=spleen+megaly,spleen+enlargement,脾臟,+,腫大,Arthrodesis=arthro+desis,joint +fixation,關節,+,固定,Rhinoplasty=rhino+plasty,nose +plastic,鼻,+,整形術,医学术语专题知识培训,第8页,字尾法,(Suffix),Cystocele=cyst+cele,bladder+hernia,protrusion,膀胱,+,突出,Adenoma=aden+oma,gland+tumor,腺體,+,腫瘤,Leukemia=leuk+emia,white+blood,白血病,医学术语专题知识培训,第9页,字尾法,(Suffix),Dysentery=dys+entery,pain+intestine,疼痛,+,腸道,(,痢疾,),Tonsillectomy=tonsil+ectomy,tonsil+excision,扁桃腺,+,切除,Pyuria=py +uria,pus+urine,膿,+,小便,医学术语专题知识培训,第10页,字首法,(Prefix),Antipyretic=anti+pyretic,gainst+fever,對抗,+,發燒,Antepartum=ante +partum,before+labor,在,之前,+,生產,Polyarteritis=poly+arteritis,many+arteritis,多處,+,動脈炎,医学术语专题知识培训,第11页,字首法,(Prefix),Hemiplegia=hemi+plegia,half +paralysis,二分之一,+,麻痺,Hypertension=hyper +tension,above+pressure,高,+,壓力,(,血壓,),Bradycardia=brady+cardia,slow+heart,心跳過慢,医学术语专题知识培训,第12页,字首法,(Prefix),Tackycardia=tacky+cardia,rapid +heart,快,+,心臟,Polyneuralgia=poly+neuralgia,multiple+never pain,多,+,神經痛,Subcutaneous=sub+cutaneous,under+skin,皮下,医学术语专题知识培训,第13页,字首法,(Prefix,),Dysphasia=dys+phasia,impairment +speech,障礙,+,言語,Dysuria=dys+uria,painful+urine,疼痛,+,小便,医学术语专题知识培训,第14页,多重組合,(Multiple combination),electro,cardi,o,gram,字根 字根 字尾,電 心 圖,salpingo,-,oophor,ectomy,字根 字根 字尾,輸卵管 卵巢 切除,医学术语专题知识培训,第15页,多重組合,(Multiple combination),gastro,entero,stomy,字根 字根 字尾,胃 腸 造口,Esophago,gastro,duoden,o,scopy,字根 字根 字根 字尾,食道 胃 十二指腸 鏡檢,医学术语专题知识培训,第16页,聯結母音,(Combining vowel),Nephr,o,pathy,Cardi,o,megaly,Oste,o,tomy,医学术语专题知识培训,第17页,聯結母音,(Combining vowel),Gastr,ectomy,Cyst,itis,字尾開頭即為母音,Hepat,oma,故不需另加其它母音,医学术语专题知识培训,第18页,字尾及其組合元素實例,cele:hernia,tumor,protrusion,cystocele:hernia of the bladder,gastrocele:hernia of the stomach,Hydrocele:serous tumor of the testis,医学术语专题知识培训,第19页,字尾及其組合元素實例,emia:blood,hyperglycemia:abnormally high,blood sugar,itis:inflammation,gastritis:inflammation of the stomach,nephritis:inflammation,of the kidney,医学术语专题知识培训,第20页,字尾及其組合元素實例,malacia:softening,osteomalacia:softening of the bone,splenomalacia:softening of the spleen,pathy:disease,neuropathy:any disease of nerve,myopahty:any,disease of muscle,医学术语专题知识培训,第21页,字,字尾及其組合元素實例,尾及其組合元素實例,centesis:puncture,thoracentesis:puncture and aspiration of the pleural cavity,医学术语专题知识培训,第22页,字尾及其組合元素實例,ectomy:excision,remove,tonsillectomy:removal of tonsils,oophorectomy:removal of ovary,plasty:surgical correction,plasty repair of,hernioplasty:plasty repair of hernia,proctoplasty:surgical repair of rectum,医学术语专题知识培训,第23页,字尾及其組合元素實例,scopy:inspection,examination,bronchoscopy:examination of the bronchi with an endoscope,cystoscopy:examination of the bladder with an endoscope,医学术语专题知识培训,第24页,字尾及其組合元素實例,stomy:creation of an opening,colostomy:creation of an opening,into the colon through,the abdominal wall,gastroduodenostomy:creation of an opening between stomach and duodenum,医学术语专题知识培训,第25页,字尾及其組合元素實例,osis:increase,condition,arteriosclerosis:hardening of,the arteries,lymphocytosis:increase in number,of lymph cells,医学术语专题知识培训,第26页,字尾及其組合元素實例,penia:deficiency,decrease,leukopenia:decrease of leukocytes,in the blood,angio:blood vessel,angiotomy:dissection of blood vessel,医学术语专题知识培训,第27页,字根及其組合元素實例,crani:skull,craniotomy:surgical opening,of skull,cyt:cell,erythrocyte:red blood cell,医学术语专题知识培训,第28页,字根及其組合元素實例,derm:skin,dermatitis:inflammation of skin,enter:intestine,enteritis:inflammation of the intestine,医学术语专题知识培训,第29页,字根及其組合元素實例,hematemesis:vomiting of blood,hematoma:a blood tumor,hyster:uterus,hysterectomy:excision of the uturus,医学术语专题知识培训,第30页,字首及其組合元素實例,ante:before,antenatal:before birth,epi:upon,epidermis:outer layer of the skin,hemi:half,hemiplegia:paralysis of one-half,the body,医学术语专题知识培训,第31页,字首及其組合元素實例,hyper:above,beyond,excessive,hypertension:high blood pressure,endo:within,endocarditis:inflammation of the endocardium,peri:around,pericarditis:inflammation of the pericardium,医学术语专题知识培训,第32页,英文診斷疾病全名英文縮寫汉字全名,Adenocarcinoma Adenoca,腺癌,Atrial fibrillation Af,心房纖維顫動,Alpha-fetoprotein AFP -,胎兒蛋白,Acute glomerulonephritis AGN,急性腎絲球腎炎,Acquired immune AIDS,後天免疫缺乏症候群,deficiency syndrome,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第33页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,AppendicitisAPP,闌尾炎,Abdomino-perineal resectionAPR,腹會陰切除,Adult respiratory distress ARDS,成人呼吸窘症候群,syndrome,Acute renal failure ARF,急性腎衰竭,Atrial septal defectASD,心房中膈缺損,Atherosclerotic heart disease ASHD,粥樣硬化性心臟病,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第34页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫 汉字全名,Abdominal total hysterectomy ATH,腹式全子宮切除,Aortic valve replacement AVR,主動脈瓣置換術,Arterio-venous shunt A-V shunt,動靜脈分流術,Acute pyelonephritis APN,急性腎盂腎炎,Background diabetic BDR,背景性糖尿病視網膜病變,retinopahty,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第35页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Twice a day(bis in die)b.i.d.,一天二次,BilateralBIL,雙側,Basal metabolic rateBMR,基礎代謝率,Blood pressureBP,血壓,Benign prostatic BPH,良性前列腺肥大,hyperplasia,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第36页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Bilateral pelvic lymphBPLND,雙側骨盆腔淋巴結摘除,nodes dissectiotn,Benign paroxysssmal BPPV,良性陣發生位置性眩暈,position vertigo,Bilateral saplingo-BSO,雙側卵巢輸卵管切除,oophorectomy,Bibiary tract infectionBTI,膽道感染,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第37页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Blood urea nitrogenBUN,血中尿素氮,Biopsybx,切片,Carcinoma CA,癌症,Continuous ambulatory CAPD,連續性攜帶式腹膜透析,peritoneal dialysis,Computed(axial)tomography CAT scan,電腦斷層攝影,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第38页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Common bile duct CBD,總膽管,Congenital heart disease CHD,先天性心臟病,Congestive heart failure CHF,充血性心臟衰竭,Carcinoma in situ CIS,原位癌,Chronic obstructive pulmonary COPD,慢性阻塞性肺疾,disease,Chronic paranasal sinusitis CPS,慢性副鼻竇炎,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第39页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Cesarean section C/S,剖腹產,Chest x-ray,CXR,胸部,X,光,Cerebrovascular accident CVA,腦血管意外,Diabetes mellitus DM,糖尿病,Ear,nose,and throat ENT,耳鼻喉,End stage renal disease ESRD,末期腎疾病,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第40页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Hepatocellular carcinomaHCC,肝細胞癌,Intensive care unit ICU,加護中心,Insulin dependent diabetesIDDM,胰島素依賴型糖尿病,mellitus,Magnetic resonance imaging MRI,核磁共振攝影,Nothing by mouth NPO,禁食,(nulla per os),常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第41页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Red blood cell(corpuscle)RBC,紅血球,red blood count,Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE,系統性紅斑性狼瘡,Shortness of breathSOB,呼吸短促,Tuberculosis TB,結核病,Total hip replacementTHR,全髖關節置換術,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第42页,英文診斷疾病全名 英文縮寫汉字全名,Total knee replacement TKR,全膝關節置換術,Upper respiratory tract URI,上呼吸道感染,infection,Urinary tract infection UTI,沁尿道感染,Ventricular septal defect VSD,心室中膈缺損,White blood cell;WBC,白血球,white blood count,常 見 縮 寫,医学术语专题知识培训,第43页,医学术语专题知识培训,第44页,医学术语专题知识培训,第45页,医学术语专题知识培训,第46页,医学术语专题知识培训,第47页,医学术语专题知识培训,第48页,医学术语专题知识培训,第49页,医学术语专题知识培训,第50页,医学术语专题知识培训,第51页,病歷範例,This 46-years-old woman was a victim,of invasive ductal carcinoma of left breast,with bone metastasis,she had received,surgery and radiotherapy due to axillary,lymph node and bone(L-spine)metastasis.,This time she was admitted for set up port,A placement and chemotherapy,医学术语专题知识培训,第52页,This patient was admitted because of sudden onset of vomiting of bright red blood due to acute gastric ulcer.His hemoglobin was 7.8gm/dl,which revealed anemia due to blood loss.Areterigraphy was performed to determine the site of the bleeding,and hemostasis was achieved by transcatheter embolization,病歷範例,医学术语专题知识培训,第53页,The patient complained of chest pain and dyspnea off and on for 3 months.The diagnosis were congestive heart failure and unstable angina,the angina was treated with nitrate,and IV Lasix was administered to manage the heart failure.Both conditions improved,and the patient was discharged to be followed on an out-patient basis.,病歷範例,医学术语专题知识培训,第54页,This patient had received a below knee amputation six years ago for gangrene of his leg due to both diabetes and arteriosclerosis.The patient had received an above-knee amputation of the stump because of further gangrene change at this admission.,病歷範例,医学术语专题知识培训,第55页,應用實例,（以,Chronic renal failure,為例）,医学术语专题知识培训,第56页,Essential of Diagnosis,1.,1.Progressive azotemia over weeks or months,2.Isosthenuria is common,3.Hypertention in the majority,4.Bilateral small kidneys on ultrasound are,dianostic,5.Radiologic evidence of renal osteodystrophy,confirms the diagnosis,医学术语专题知识培训,第57页,General Considerations,The symptoms of chronic renal failure(CRF),depend on the severity and rapidity of the,underlying renal disorder.When CRF develop,slowly,most individuals remain asymptomatic,until the renal failure is far-advanced(GFR,10-15mL/min),.,医学术语专题知识培训,第58页,Complication of chronic renal failure,their management,Hyperkalemia,Acid-base disorder,C.Cardiovascular complication,1.Hypertention 2.Pericarditis,3.Congestive heart failure,D.Hematologic complication,1.Anemia 2.Coagulopathy,医学术语专题知识培训,第59页,E.Neurologic complication,F.Disorder of mineral metabolism:,Renal osteodystrophy,G.Metabolic and endocrine disturbances,H.Gastrointestinal tract complication,医学术语专题知识培训,第60页,Treatment of Chronic renal failure,A.Diatery management,1.Protein restriction,2.Salt and water restriction,3.Potassium restriction,4.Phosphorus restriction,5.Magnesium restriction,B.Dialysis,1.Hemodialysis,2.Peritoneal dialysis,C.Kidney transplantation,医学术语专题知识培训,第61页,一個病人實例,主訴,:Dry cough off and on for about 1.5month,病史：,This 51years old woman is an administractive officer at our hospital.She is a non-smoker,she underwent a regular health examination in Aug last year,医学术语专题知识培训,第62页,一個病人實例,.Chest x-ray revealed a small opacity at RLL,hence she went to our CM OPD for help,but without significant diagnosis.In recent 1.5 months,she suffered from dry cough intermittently,it was more severe in the night time,so,she is admitted for further survey,医学术语专题知识培训,第63页,病理報告：,Lung,right middle lobe,frozen section and biopsy-Adennocarcinoma,poorly differentiated,一個病人實例,医学术语专题知识培训,第64页,住院診斷：,Adenocarcinoma of lung,RML and RLL,with pleural metastasis and lymph node invasion,T4N1M0,一個病人實例,医学术语专题知识培训,第65页,手術：,Wedge resection of RML,一個病人實例,医学术语专题知识培训,第66页,住院治療經過：,After admission,chest CT revealed ill-definded nodules at RML and RLL.Pre-OP survey was performed and showed no distance metastasis.,一個病人實例,医学术语专题知识培训,第67页,After discussion and explanation of limits,risk,and benefits of surgery and biopsy,family and patient decided to receive surgery resection,then exploratory thoracotomy with lung wedge resection was performed and pleural metastasis was noted,一個病人實例,医学术语专题知识培训,第68页,Port-A was also insertion.After rest and pain control,patient was discharged and keep OPD follow up for further lung CA treatment.,一個病人實例,医学术语专题知识培训,第69页,有系統、有方法、有紀律,學習是成功保證,結 語,医学术语专题知识培训,第70页,