英语18模块重点词汇讲解一译林牛津版市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,牛津高中英语,18,模块重点词汇解说（一）,第1页,第1页,1.inform(P16,M1):We regret to inform you,that our library will be closed next,Wednesday,Thursday and Friday for,the sports meeting.,inform,第2页,第2页,Usage1:inform+obj.+(that)/wh-,e.g.:(1)I informed him that I would,not be able to attend the,meeting.,我告诉他说我不能参与会议了。,第3页,第3页,(2)Could you please inform me,how to go about contacting a,lawyer?,你能告诉我如何联系一位律师吗？,第4页,第4页,Usage 2:inform+obj +(of/about),e.g.:(1)I wasnt informed of the,decision until too late.,等我得到告知时已经太晚了。,(2)Why wasnt I informed?,为何没有些人告诉我？,第5页,第5页,扩展：,keep+sb.+informed of sth.,让某人理解某事发展动态,e.g.:They are kept informed of the,development of IT.,他们始终理解信息工业发展动态。,第6页,第6页,_ what is happening in his,own country,he watches TV and reads,newspapers every day.,To inform B.Informing of,C.To be informed of,D.Having informed of,第7页,第7页,扩展：,information【U】,informative adj.,增长见识，增益,；有教育性,e.g.:Children should be encouraged to,watch more informative TV programs.,第8页,第8页,2.approve(P18,M1):He approved the,idea,and two years later,I am the,oldest student member of the,radio club.,approve,第9页,第9页,Usage 1:vt.,to agree officially to,同意；通过；认可,e.g.:(1)The city council approved the,building plans.,市议会同意了这些建筑计划。,第10页,第10页,(2)The equipment must be bought,from a supplier approved by the,company.,设备必须从公司认可供应商那里购买。,第11页,第11页,Usage 2:vi.(of),赞成，同意，支持,e.g.:,(1),I dont approve of smoking in bed.,我不赞成在床上吸烟。,(2)You can join the class if your,mother approves.,假如你母亲同意话，你能够加入这个,班级。,第12页,第12页,扩展：,approval【U】,e.g.:(1)I hope that the arrangements,will meet with your approval.,我希望这些安排能够得到你赞同。,(2)We cant start building without,the councils approval.,未经委员会同意，我们不能动工。,其反义词,:disapproval,第13页,第13页,3.require(P18,M1):When I attended,the first meeting,I was required to,write a poem and I had to read it,out to the group.,require,第14页,第14页,Usage 1:require+obj.+to-v.,要求；命令,e.g.:All passengers are required,to show their tickets.,所有乘客都被要求出示车票。,第15页,第15页,Usage 2:require+that,要求；命令,e.g.:The regulations require that all,students shall attend at least 90%,of the lectures.,要求要求所有学生听课率至少要达到,90%.,第16页,第16页,Usage 3:require sth.of sb.,要求；命令,e.g.:Silence is required of all,examination candidates.,应试者都要保持安静。,第17页,第17页,Usage 4:require sth./doing sth./that,需要,e.g.:(1)This suggestion will require,careful,thought.,这提议需要仔细考虑。,第18页,第18页,(2)To carry out this plan would require,increasing our staff by 50%,执行这计划需要增长,50%,人员。,第19页,第19页,(5)The urgency of the situation requires,that we,(should),make an immediate,decision.,形势紧急，需要我们立刻做出决定。,第20页,第20页,insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,demand,request,ask,等动词,常与虚拟语调连用动词,第21页,第21页,e.g.:(1)The expert insisted that the dam,(should),not be built over the river.,专家坚持要求这条河道上不能建设堤坝。,第22页,第22页,(2)Can you suggest how we,(should),do it?,该如何做这件事，你能给点提议吗？,第23页,第23页,(3)It is asked that they,(should),be,allowed to leave.,有些人请求准许他们离开。,(4)It is advised that we,(should),take,more vegetables and fruits.,有些人提议我们多吃蔬菜和水果。,第24页,第24页,order,command,suggestion,advice,proposal,idea,requirement,等名词,常与虚拟语调连用名词,第25页,第25页,e.g.:(1)The proposal,that the hospital,should be closed,was rejected,by a large majority.,关闭医院提议遭到大多数人回绝。,第26页,第26页,(2)My idea is,that we should wait,for another hour.,我想法是我们应当再等一个小时。,第27页,第27页,e.g.:(1)The latest figures suggest that,business,is,improving.,最新数据表明生意正在好转。,尤其提醒,:suggest,和,insist,第28页,第28页,(2)He still insists that he,was,not,there at that time.,他还坚持说当初自己不在场。,第29页,第29页,扩展：其名词,requirement:sth.,that is needed or that is,demanded as necessary,必需品；要求之物,requirement,第30页,第30页,e.g.:(1)The refugees main requirements,are food and shelter.,难民们主要需要是食物和住所。,第31页,第31页,(2)Can this computer handle the,requirements of the wages,department?,这台计算机能够处理工资部门需要吗？,第32页,第32页,(3)Candidates who fail to,meet,these requirements,will not be,admitted to the University.,未能满足要求应考生不能上,这所大学。,第33页,第33页,4.spare(P38,M1):Then when I,have some spare time and,want to be alone,they call me,selfish and unloving.,spare,第34页,第34页,Usage 1:adj.,多出，剩余；,备用；,空闲,e.g.:(1)a spare tyre,备用轮胎,(2)Have you got a spare moment?,Id like to discuss.,你有空吗？我有事与你商议。,第35页,第35页,(2)What do you like doing,in your spare time,?,你空闲时候喜欢干什么？,第36页,第36页,Usage 2:vt.,（把多出不用人或物）拨,出，腾出，抽出，让给,e.g.:(1)Were so busy that no one in the,office can be spared for any other,work.,我们办公室里人都很忙，腾不出任,何人去干其它任何事。,第37页,第37页,(2)Can you spare me five minutes?,你能给我五分钟时间吗？,(3)-Have you got enough?,-Yes;weve got,enough and,to spare,.,-,你们够吗？,-,够了，绰绰有余。,第38页,第38页,Usage 3:vt.,节约，节约，,舍不得，珍惜,（普通用于疑问句和否认句）,e.g.:(1)No trouble was spared to make,sure the guests enjoyed themselves.,为使宾客尽情欢乐而不遗余力。,第39页,第39页,(2)No expense was spared in,providing the food and wine.,为提供酒食而不惜成本。,第40页,第40页,Usage 4:spare+obj.(i)+obj.(d),使 某人免受不受欢迎,事；省掉，免去（某人,需要或麻烦）,第41页,第41页,e.g.:(1)It was a horrible accident,Ill spare you the details.,事故很惨，我就不跟你讲细节了。,(2)Use the telephone and spare,yourself a visit.,打电话吧，免得跑一趟。,第42页,第42页,5.search(P2,M2):Police in America,have stepped up their search for a,15 year old boy who went missing,two days ago in Dover.,search,第43页,第43页,Usage 1:noun,搜查，搜索；寻找,e.g.:(1)They police conducted a,long search for the lost child.,警察对那个失踪男孩进行了长期,搜索。,第44页,第44页,(2)I went off,in search of,a garage,where I could buy some petrol.,我动身去寻找加油站，希望在那里,能够买到汽油。,第45页,第45页,Usage 2:vi.,search(through sp.for sth.),e.g.:(1)He searched through his pockets,for a cigarette.,他翻遍口袋寻找香烟。,第46页,第46页,(2)Scientists are still searching for a,cure to the common cold.,科学家还在寻找治愈普通感冒良方。,(3)She searched desperately for some,reason to stay.,她拼命寻找留下理由。,第47页,第47页,Usage 3:vt.,，,search sp./sb.(for sth.),e.g.:(1)The police searched the suspect,but found no weapon,on him.,警察搜了嫌疑犯身，但没有在他身上,找到武器。,第48页,第48页,(3)They searched the woods for,the little boy.,他们搜查了小树林，寻找那个小男孩。,(4)Ive searched my conscience,and I still think I did the right,thing.,我扪心自问过了，还是认为自己,做得是对。,第49页,第49页,扩展,:searching adj.,sharp and thorough;,anxious to discover the truth,e.g.:She gave me a searching look,as,if doubting what I said.,她锐利地看着我，似乎在怀疑我所说话。,第50页,第50页,扩展：,searchlight,探照灯,search party,搜索队，,救援队,search warrant,搜查令，,搜查证,第51页,第51页,convincing,6.convincing(P3,M2):We will not,give up until we find,convincing,evidence,.,第52页,第52页,convincing,令人信服,e.g.:Youre not a convincing liar.,你谎言难以让人信服。,第53页,第53页,convince sb.(of sth./that),使某人信服,e.g.,:,(1)I managed to convince them,that the story was true.,我设法使他们相信故事是真实。,(2)We finally convinced them of,her guilt.,我们最后使他们相信她是有罪。,第54页,第54页,convinced(of),信服，坚信,e.g.:(1)We are all convinced of his,innocence.,我们深信他是清白。,第55页,第55页,(2)I felt convinced that they,were right.,我深信他们是正确。,(3)Molly agreed,but she didnt,sound very convinced.,莫莉同意了，但仿佛不太信服。,第56页,第56页,扩展：,amuse,annoy,amaze,bore,confuse,convince,excite,embarrass,frighten,puzzle,surprise,shock,tire +sb.,第57页,第57页,(sth.be)amusing,annoying,amazing,boring,confusing,convincing,exciting,embarrassing,frightening,puzzling,surprising,shocking,tiring,第58页,第58页,(sb.be/get)amused,annoyed,amazed,bored,confused,convinced,excited,embarrassed,frightened,puzzled,surprised,shocked,tired,第59页,第59页,7.charge(P22,M2):Listen to me,young man remember the day,when we left you in charge?,charge,第60页,第60页,Usage 1:【U】,主管，掌,管，责任,e.g.:(1)Student nurses should not be,left alone,in charge of,hospital,wards.,实习护士不可被单独留下照料病房。,第61页,第61页,(2)She,took charge of,the family,business when her father died.,她父亲去世后，她接管了家族公司。,第62页,第62页,Usage 2:,【C;U】,（货品或劳,务）,价钱；费用,e.g.:(1)The admission charge is,5.,入场费是五美元。,第63页,第63页,(2)Is there any charge for having,the,goods delivered?,送货要收费吗？,(3)The faulty part was replaced,free of,charge,.,有瑕疵零件被免费替换了。,第64页,第64页,Usage 3:【C】,：控,告；罪名,e.g.:(1)The police brought a charge,of murder against him.,警察控告他犯有谋杀罪。,(2)She faces two charges of theft.,她面临着两宗盗窃罪。,第65页,第65页,Usage 4:vt./vi.,，要,价,（向,),收费；,索取（金额）,e.g.:(1)How much do you charge for,a double room?,一间双人房要多少钱？,第66页,第66页,(2)They tried to charge me,80,for a night!,一个晚上要我80英镑！,(3)They charge a heavy tax on,imported wine.,他们对进口酒收取高额税。,第67页,第67页,Usage 5:vt.,charge sb.with,=accuse sb.of,控告；指控,e.g.:He was charged with the robbery.,他被控告犯有谋杀罪。,第68页,第68页,Usage 6:vt./vi.,（使）充电,e.g.:(1)His mobile phone is being,charged.,他手机正在充电。,第69页,第69页,(2)If the red light comes on,it means,that the battery isnt charging.,假如红灯亮了，就意味着电池没有充,上电。,第70页,第70页,8.reach(P38,M2):He described a,beautiful kingdom where three,rivers joined together,snow-,capped mountains,reached,to the,sky,and fields of long grass,covered the earth.,reach,第71页,第71页,Usage 1:,vt./vi.,（东西或地方）,大得足以及到；伸展，延伸,e.g.:(1)The ladder wont quite reach,(as far as)the window.,梯子够不到窗户高度。,(2)The garden reaches down to,the lake.,花园始终延伸到湖边。,第72页,第72页,Usage 2:vt.,，到达，到达,e.g.:(1)After several changes of plane,we finally reached London on Tuesday.,通过好几次转机之后，我们终于在星期二到达了伦敦。,第73页,第73页,(2)Have you reached the end of,the book yet?,这本书你有无看完？,(3)The news only reached me then.,我那时才得到消息。,(4)Shes reached the age of 50.,她已,50,了。,第74页,第74页,(5)Our sales to Japan have reached,record levels.,我们对日本销售额已达到创纪录水平。,(6)The two sides failed to,reach an,agreement,after several hours of,discussion.,通过几种小时讨论，双方未能达成协议。,第75页,第75页,Usage 3:vi./vt,，伸出手臂,伸手触及；伸手去取，伸手递给,e.g.:(1)He reached across the table,and,picked up the book.,他伸手越过桌子去取那本书。,(2)reach for stars,伸手摘星（比方难以实现愿望）,第76页,第76页,(3)Are you tall enough to reach,the apple on the tree?,你够得着树上苹果吗？,(4)We could see nothing but houses,as far as the eye could reach,.,放眼望去，除却房屋，什么也看,不到。,第77页,第77页,(5)I reached down the childs cap,from the hook.,我从挂钩上取下了孩子 帽子。,(6)Could you reach me the book,from the top shelf?,可否把顶层架上那本书取给我？,第78页,第78页,Usage 4:vt.,，与,联系,e.g.:You can usually reach him,on this phone number.,通常打这个电话 能够与他取得联系。,第79页,第79页,Usage 5:U,(,手、能力、,智力、影响等,),可及之范围,e.g.:The medicine was put out of the,childs reach.,药被放在孩子够不着地方。,第80页,第80页,Usage 6:(,江、河,),一段流域,;,地带,;,大片地域,C,e.g.:the upper reaches of the river,河上游地域,第81页,第81页,9.claim(P38,M2):In September 1977,the government in Yunnan Province,claimed,that Zhongdian is where,Shangri-la is in Hiltons story.,claim,第82页,第82页,Usage 1:(,尤指面对反对意见）断言；,声称；主张；认定,e.g.:They claim to have discovered/claim,that they have discovered a cure for the,disease,but this has not been proved yet.,他们声称已经发觉了一个能够治愈这种疾病良方，但这尚未得到证实。,第83页,第83页,Usage 2:vt./vi.,，（依据权利而）,（对,）提出要求；索取；认,领；声称有,权利,e.g.:,（,1,）,Did you claim on the,insurance after the accident?,事故之后，你有无向保险公司,索赔？,第84页,第84页,(2)Old people are entitled to claim a,special heating allowance from the,government.,老年人有权向政府领取一笔特殊取暖津贴。,(3)If no one claims the lost umbrella,the,person who found it can keep it.,假如无人认领这把雨伞，拾到者可保留之。,第85页,第85页,Usage 3:vt.,，夺去生命,e.g.:The flood claims hundreds,of lives.,洪水夺去了数百人生命。,第86页,第86页,Usage 4:vt.,，值得；需要,e.g.:The problem claims our,undivided attention.,这个问题需要我们不断关注。,第87页,第87页,pay off,10.Pay off(P45,M2):All my years,of training as an explorer have,finally paid off!,第88页,第88页,Usage 1:vi.,to be successful,e.g.:Did your plan pay off?,你计划成功了吗？,第89页,第89页,Usage 2:pay sth.off:,还清欠款,e.g.:Ive paid off the balance on the,dishwasher.,我已经付清了那台洗碗机余款。,第90页,第90页,Usage 3:pay sb.off:,付清工资解雇某人,e.g.:Two hundred workers have been,paid off.,第91页,第91页,Usage 4:pay sb.off:to pay sb.to,keep silent about sth.,illegal or dishonest,第92页,第92页,扩展：,pay for:to receive punishment,or suffering for,为,而受处分，为,而吃亏,pay for,第93页,第93页,e.g.:(1)These people must be made,to pay for their crimes.,这些人必须为他们罪恶受到处分。,(2)He paid dearly for his,unfaithfulness to her.,他因对她不忠而付出了很大代价。,第94页,第94页,(3)We are paying for the fine summer,with a wet winter.,我们过了一个晴朗夏天，却换来一个,潮湿冬天。,(4)Ill make him pay for ruining my,chances.,他毁了我好机会，我要他为此吃苦头。,第95页,第95页,Usage 1:,归还欠款,e.g.:(1)Ill pay you back tomorrow.,我明天还你。,(2)They cant pay back the loan.,他们还不了贷款。,(3)Have I paid you back the,10,I borrowed?,借你,10,磅，我还你了吗？,pay back,第96页,第96页,Usage 2:,向,报复,e.g.:Ill pay him back for what he,did to me.,他这样看待我，我一定要报复。,第97页,第97页,Thank you!,第98页,第98页,