仁爱版英语七年级下册知识点归纳与总结.doc

〔仁爱版〕英语七年级下册知识点归纳
Unit 5 Topic1
重点语法　一般现在时〔常及频度副词___never____, ___seldom____, ___sometimes____,___often____, ___usually_，____always______等连用〕
重点句型　 —How do you usually come to school
—I usually come to school by subway.
—How often do you go to the library
—__once_____(一次)/____twice___(两次)/___three ___times____(三次)a week
Very often/Every day/Seldom
重点详解
1.I always come to school by bus.
by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有_a/an___, __the_,形物代_ 等限定词，就不能用by,而是用___in__或是__on__.
on the train=__by__ train on his bike=__by__ bike in my car=_by___ car.
Eg: I go to school by bike. (on my bike)
Ps： 之前说的take+a/an/the+交单，但是这是一个动词词组，不能与By+交单对等互换。
系动词 包含Be
句子构造：1 主谓宾： I love you。
2 主谓：I go。
3 主系表： you are beautiful。
巧辩异同　on foot 及 walk on foot “走路〞，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路〞,是动词，可以作谓语。
　　go to…on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often ____ ____school.
同样，go to….by bike = ride/__take__ a bike to
go to…. by car = drive/_take___ a car to
go to … by plane = fly to/__take__ __a__ __plane__ __to__
go to… by bus =___take_ a bus to
2 e on! It’s time for class. come on 意思是“____，____，____〞。
　　It’s time __for__ sth=It’s time __to__ __do__ sth.=It’s time for doing sth.
　It’s time for dinner=　It’s time to eat dinner=　It’s time for eating dinner.
3 .look的短语 look __the__ ___same_看起来一样　　
look __like__看起来像……
look __for__寻找
look __after__ 照顾
4 .do my homework at school 在学校做作业
　do one’s homework 做家庭作业〔注意：one’s 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词__my__, __your__, __his__，__her__, _its___, __our__，__your__,their等〕。
5 we _want___ __to__ know about the school life of American students. 我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。 Want to do sth= would like to do sth.
know about “了解，知道关于…〞。
6 巧辩异同　 a few及few ：________ “一些〞，____“很少，几乎没有〞，修饰___名词。
　　　　　　　　a little及little：________“一些〞，___“很少，几乎没有〞，修饰____ 名词。
7 They often play basketball or soccer, go swimming and so on.
go swimming 去游泳　and so on “等等〞，表示还有很多。
　　 拓展 go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，强调______(户内/户外)，户内：do some ving类似的有：
________ __fishing______ 去钓鱼 ____go____ __shopping_ 去买东西
________ ____boating____ 去划船 ________ ___skating_____ 去滑冰
8 How often do you go to the library　你多久去一次图书馆？
how often“多久一次〞，问______。答语常用频度副词never, always,often等或单
位时间内的次数：_once a week__一周一次 __twice a month________每月两次_____three times a year______ 每年三次
语法讲解
一般现在时
一般现在时表示：
〔1〕现在所处的状态。Jane __is_ at school. Jane在学校。
〔2〕经常或习惯性的动作。I often ___ ___ school by bus. 我经常坐公交去上学。
〔3〕主语具备的性格与能力。He likes ______ football. 他喜欢踢足球。
〔4〕客观真理。The earth goes _around__ the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。
行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/don’t与does/doesn’t.当主语是第一、二人称与所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。
肯定式：I go to school on foot. 否认式：I ___ ___ ___ school on foot.
疑问式：___ you ___ ___ school on foot —Yes, I ___ . —No, I ___
当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。〔思考：动词单三变换规律〕
肯定式：He___ to work by bus. 否认式：He ___ ___ ___ work by bus.
疑问式：___ he ___ ___ work by bus —Yes, he___ . —No, he ___ .
Topic2
重点语法　现在进展时态。Be+ving
重点句型　　What are you ______ He is cleaning the dormitory.
Are you ______ your homework Yes, I am./No, I am not.
重点详解
1 at the moment“此刻，现在〞,相当于_now__ .
2 巧辩异同　go to sleep及go to _bed__
① go to bed“上床〞“就寝〞I often go to bed at ten.
② go to sleep“入睡〞“睡着〞Last night I went to sleep ___ two o’clock.
3 巧辩异同some, a few 及a little　“一些，有些〞三者都修饰名词。
　some既可以修饰___ 名词又可以修饰______ 名词。
We want some apples and some water.
　　 a few用在___ 名词___ 数之前，a little用在______ 名词之前。
There are ___ ___ books and ___ ___ water in the classroom. 教室里有一些书与一些水。
4 及how相关的短语　___ ___多常　___ ___/___ ___多少 how much多少钱___ ___多大
5You must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归〞
① return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=__give_ __back_ sth. to sb/_give__ sth back to sb
Give sth to sb / give sb sth
② return to“回到…〞，相当于come _back__ to…
6 Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.
talk“交谈〞，常用的短语talk _to__/with sb.“及某人交谈〞
巧辩异同talk, say, speak及tell
(1)____“交谈〞，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。
(2) ____“说话〞，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。
(3)____“说〞，强调所说的话的内容。
(4) ____“告诉〞，有时兼含“嘱咐〞“命令〞等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。
7. I can’t find my purse(=wallet) and I am looking for it. ___ ___“寻找〞，强调寻找的过程；
___“找到〞强调找的结果。
8 .look(at), see及 read　
______指看的动作，______指看的结果，______常指看书、看报纸等。
9 .Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。
photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。a friend of __mine___我的一个朋友 a classmate of my ___brother’s___我弟弟的一个同学
A book of yours a wallet of his mother’s a car of my father’s
弟弟的同学：brother’s classmate
10 .I also want to go there one day.我也希望有一天到那儿。
also意为“也〞，常用于be动词与情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。
　 巧辩异同 also及too　also放在______，too用于______。
语法讲解 现在进展时
1.现在进展时表示：现在正在进展或发生的动作。
2.常用的时间状语：__look____, at the moment, __now__, listen等。
3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。
4.现在进展时态的肯定、否认与疑问式。
〔1〕肯定式：I am running. You are running. He/She is running.
〔2〕否认式：_I am not_____ running. You ______ running. He/She______running.
〔3〕一般疑问句及答复：—Are you running —Yes, I___./—No, I ______.
—Is he/she running —Yes, he/she ___./ —No. he/she ____.
Topic3
重点语法　一般现在时与现在进展时的使用与异同。
重点句型　 What day is it today It’s ______.
Why do you like it It’s easy and interesting.
What class are they having They ______ ______ a music class.
重点详解
1 询问星期几用What day…？答复：It’s Wednesday/Sunday…。(复习周一到周日)
及特殊疑问句词what有关的短语：
what ____什么班 what ____什么颜色　what ____几点 what ____几号〔日期〕
2 How many lessons does he have every weekday
____ ____+可数名词的复数形式；____ ____+不可数名词。
3 一个星期的第一天是Sunday, 在星期几前用介词____,　在具体点钟前用____
4 learning about the past了解过去　　　learn about了解
拓展　learn ____向……学习　　learn ____ ____自学
5 What do you think of … = ____ ____ ____ ____…你认为……怎么样？
6 —Why —Because it’s interesting. 用why提问必须用____答复。
7 Which subject do you like best你最喜欢什么科目？
like best最喜欢，可用____“特别喜爱的〞转换。〔思考：转换对等吗？〕
8 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好=____________________
Unit6 Topic1
重点语法　There be 句型与方位介词短语。
重点句型　 There ____two bedrooms and a a small study.
There ____a lamp, a computer, some books and so on.
—Is there a computer in your study —Yes, there is.
Don't put them here. Put them away.
重点讲解
1 It’s on the second floor.
在哪一层楼，用介词____。on表示在……上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词____, 意为第二〔的〕。
　　 巧辩异同 two及second　　
two是____数词，second是____数词，“第二〞或“第二的〞，指排列顺序。
2 in 在……里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroom
Is there… 表示某地存在……吗？其肯定答复是：Yes, there is. 否认答复No, there ____.它的复数形式为Are there… 其肯定答复是：Yes, there ____. 否认答复No, there aren’t.
3 巧辩异同 there be及 have
(1) there be“有〞，指〔某地〕存在“有〞。
(2) have“有〞，指人或某物“拥有〞。There is a dog in the picture. The dog ____ two big eyes.
注：there be 遵循就近原那么。be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。
4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用____. 如have a look at your watch.
5 talk about“谈论，议论〞，后接名词或动名词。
talk with/to “及某人交谈〞
6 用来询问某地有某物，其构造为：What’s+介词短语，答复时应用there be句型。
7 play with“与……玩耍〞，“玩〞　　 play ____ sb.　“及某人一起玩〞
8 put ____ 把……放好
9 look after“保管，照顾〞，相当于take ____ ____
10 巧辩异同in the tree及on the tree
(1) ____ the tree 指外来物体在树上。
(2) ____the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。
11 巧辩异同like doing及like to do
like ____ 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。及love doing相似。
　　 like ____ 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。及love to do相似。
12 I’m very glad to get a letter from you.我很快乐收到你的来信。
get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信＝____ from sb.
Topic2
重点语法　There be 句型 Wh-questions
重点句型　 What’s your home like What’s the matter
Sorry, I can’t hear you. I’ll get someone to check it right now.
There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.
重点讲解
1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。　　with “有，带有〞。
　　 With还可以意为“与〔某人/某物〕在一起〞
2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。
(1) ____表示“给……〞表示目的或功能。Here is a letter for you.
(2)____的含义为“属于某人/某事物〞。She is a friend of Lily’s. = She is Lily’s friend.
3 What’s the matter怎么了？该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：What’s the matter____ sb./sth.某人或某物出了什么毛病。 What’s the matter = What’s ____
4 I hear you playing the piano.我听见你在弹钢琴。
hear…____sth.“听见……在做某事〞，强调正在进展的动作。〔do还是doing〕
hear…____ sth.“听见……做了某事〞，强调全过程。〔do还是doing〕
hear about sth.听到关于某事物的消息 hear ____ sb.接到某人的来信、 等
hear ____
5 a lot of = ____ of许多 后接____数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于____,用于肯定句中；但是注意：如果是否认句，刚常用many或much.
6 be far from… 离……远〔抽象距离〕 be…away from…离……远〔具体距离〕
My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.
7 There is something wrong ____ sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。
8 I’ll get someone to check it right now.我马上派人去检查。
get sb.____ sth.使某人做某事 someone=somebody某人
right now= ____ ____= right away马上，立刻
语法讲解 There be…〔表示“有〞〕用法
1.“There + be+主语+地点状语〞表示“某处有某物〞；地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，〞及后面的局部隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures.
“____〞提到“there〞之前。 ____ there any books on the desk
“be〞后加“not〞.
Topic3
重点语法　特殊疑问句与问路、指路的方式。
重点句型　 —Excuse me, how can I get to … —Go along… and turn left at the first street.
Be careful! Don't play on the street.
重点讲解
1 go up “沿着……走〞及它相近的词有go ____/____
2 get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to =reach=arrive ____/____
及get有关的短语： get ____ 收获 get ____上车 get ____下车
get ____出去 get out ____从……出来 get ____起床
3 across from 在……对面
4 It’s good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子与老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。It’s good ____ ____ sth.做某事是助人为乐的行为。
5 on the corner of = ____the corner of “在……拐角处〞，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。____ the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。
6 有关come的短语
come____ 来到 come ____来自于…… come ____ 加油，赶快
come____ 进来 come ____ 出来 come ____下来 come ____回来
Unit7 Topic1
重点语法　掌握be动词的一般过去式。Was/were
重点句型　 —__Were__ you born in Hebei Yes, I __was__./ No, I __wasn’t__.
—When____ your daughter born —She ____ born on October 22nd, 1996.
What's the shape of your present = What does it look like
how old/How tall/how high
How long/wide is it What do we use it for We use it to study English.
Use sth for sth use sth to do
重点讲解
1 英语中日期可以有两种表达法：
(1)月日，年。_July 30th, 2021__ (2)日月，年。___30th July， 2021___
I plan to have/hold/celebrate birthday party. I plan for a visit to +地方。
3 基数词变序数词的规律：
基变序，有规律，五、十二ve用f替再加th the fifth the twelfth
一二三，特殊记，整几十改y为ie再加th first second third thirtieth
八去t九去e再加th，几十几只改个位就可以。 Eighth ninth
4 表示确切“几百〞时，hundred后面不加“s〞，但表示不确定数目的“数以百计〞时，hundred后面应加“s〞，用“hundreds of〞表示。
_three__ _hundred____ __students___三百名学生 hundreds of ___students_____几百名学生 thousand ten thousand one hundred thousand million(百万) ten million 100 million billion
789，456，123 seven hundred and eighty-nine million four hundred and fifty-six thousand one hundred and twenty-three
只有百位与十位间用and连接
1,234,567,891: one billion two hundred and thirty-four million five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-one
5 英语中表达物体的长、宽、高，先说数字，再说单位，最后加上一个表示长、宽、高的形容词。“．〞读做“point〞。　6.4米长 six point four meter long
Point (v.) to/at 指 15.2 M 高： fifteen point two meter high
6 What do we use it for我们用它来做什么
use sth. _to_ _do_ sth.用某物做某事. = use sth. _for_ doing sth.
语法讲解 be动词的一般过去时
1. be动词的一般过去时，表示过去存在的状态。 My brother __ at school yesterday.
2. be动词的过去式为__ /____ ,其否认式为was not/____(缩写)与were not/____(缩写).
3. 一般疑问句以及简单答复：—____ you born in July,1999 —Yes, I ____ ./No,I ____ .
Topic2
重点语法　掌握情态动词can/can’t,could/couldn’t的用法。
重点句型　 —Can/Could you dance —Yes, I can/could. No, I can’t/couldn’t.
—What can you do —I can speak English. He can’t sing English songs.
重点讲解
1 —Do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs —Chinese songs.
选择疑问句中，答复时只能选择一者作答，不能用“____ 〞或“____ 〞答复。
2 I’d〔would〕 like to take these flowers to the party. take sb./sth. ___
Borrow/boring/bring
巧辩异同 take及bring ____ 〔从说话人处带到别处〕带去，带走
____ 〔由别处带到说话人处〕带来
3 一段时间+____ 是表示过去的时间状语。 例如：two years ago
at the _age___ of 在……岁的时候
4 be good __at__ doing sth. = do well __in__ doing sth.擅长做某事，在……方面做得好。
She is good at dancing = she does well in dancing
5 with one’s help = with the help____ … 在……的帮助下
With A’s help, I can play LOL= With the help of A, I can play LOL.
6 can与could的使用
(1) can(could)“可以，同意，准许〞表示请求，允许。could语气较can委婉。
(2) can“会，能〞，表示能力，could表示过去的能力。
Topic3
重点语法　行为动词的一般过去时及其答复。
重点句型　 —Did you sing a song at the party —Yes, I did/No, I didn’t.
I missed the chair and fell down. How could you lie to me
Kangkang made a silent wish and then he blew the candles out in one breath.
重点讲解
1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself康康玩得开心吗？
Enjoy是及物动词，后接名词，代词或是动名词，意为“喜爱，欣赏，享受……的乐趣。〞
enjoy oneself = have a ____ /_great_time玩得愉快 enjoy __doing_sth. 喜欢做某事
巧辩异同 like, love及enjoy
(1)____ 喜欢〔程度较弱〕like doing/to do
(2) ____ 热爱〔程度较强〕love doing/to do
(3)____ 喜爱，欣赏，享受……的乐趣enjoy doing
2 It’s your turn.该你了。
turn 是名词，意思是“轮流〞，It’s one’s turn____ ____ sth.轮到某人做某事。
还可以做连系动词，意为“变成……〞，后接形容词做表语。
例如：树叶变绿了。The _leaves___ __turn__ __green__ 。
3 反身代词oneself变化如下：①第一二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves)
I→______ you→_yourself_____/(___yourselves_____) ②第三人称用人称代词宾格+self(selves) ourselves
he→_himself_____ her→_herself_____ they→__themselves____
4 What happened to Michael at the party聚会上迈克发生什么事情了？
happen ____ sb. 某人发生某事, to是介词 happen___ ___…碰巧干某事，to是不定式符号
语法讲解 一般过去式
一、 一般过去式表示：
〔1〕过去存在的状态。My father ____(be) at work yesterday afternoon.
( 2 )过去某个时间发生的动作。 I ____(get) up at 6:30 yesterday.
(3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always____(go) to work by bus last year.
常用的时间状语：two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, just now,in 2002
二、动词过去式的构成：
1. 规那么动词①在动词后面直接加“___〞。play-played ②动词以“e〞结尾加“___〞。move-moved ③动词以辅音字母加y结尾改y为___加___. study-studied ④动词为重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母加ed. plan-___ stop-___
2. 不规那么动词 am/is-was are-were do-did (详情见书后不规那么动词表)
三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否认句与一般疑问句：
肯定句：I bought some books yesterday. 否认句： I_didn’t____ _buy__ any books yesterday.
一般疑问句：__Did___you _buy__ any books yesterday
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