助动词教学文案.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,助动词,助动词是帮助实义动词完成某些语法功能（时态、语态、构成否定句、疑问句、简略答语等）的动词。助动词本身没有实际意思，不能单独作为谓语。,Dont,waste water.,She d,oesnt,do eye exercises every day.,Did,you do a survey last week?,We,havent,seen each other for ages.,She,hasnt,been to America.,We,will,go to Shanghai tomorrow.,The sick man,is,allowed to take a walk in the,garden.,8.A medical team,will be,sent to the area.,9.They,had,learned English by last year.,助动词 be,do,does,have,has,will,shall,had,1.做否定句和疑问句时，首先要观察句中有几个动词，如果只有一个动词，那就必须要加助动词do,does 或 did 帮助构成否定句和疑问句，而且还有牢记的是：在do,does 或 did 的后面只能是动词原形。,She does eye exercises every day.,Does,she do eye exercises every day?,She,doesnt,do eye exercises every day.,如果句子是由两个或者两个以上动词构成谓语的，在这种句子中，第一个动词一定是助动词；因此就可以用第一个动词直接构成否定句疑问句或反意疑问句。,We,have seen,each other for ages.,We,havent,seen each other for ages.,Have,you seen each other for ages?,We have seen each other for ages,havent,we?,反意疑问句可分为两类：,Lets go boating,shall,we?,Let us go boating,will,you?,Dont be late any more,will,you?,2.She has been to the new airport,hasnt,she?,She cant speak Japanese,can,she?,She speaks Chinese,doesnt,she?,She will go to Beijing next month,wont,she?,She visited her Grandma yesterday,didnt,she?,There is little water in the bottle,is,there?,1.Today is Saturday.Tomorrow _ Sunday.,A.is B.is going to do C.will be D.is to be,2._ a good time at Bettys birthday party?,A.Have you B.Did you have,C.Had you D.Do you have,3.-_ we go out for a walk?-Good idea.What time shall we meet?,A.Shall B.Let C.Will D.Must,4.The two old men _ each other since 1990.,A.didnt see B.dont see,C.havent seen D.wont see,5._ your sister _ up early?,A.Does,get B.Do,gets C.Is,get D.Does,gets,6.I _ my homework when Mike came last night.,A.do B.was doing C.am doing D.have done,C,B,A,C,A,B,1.I enjoy individual sports.(一般疑问句）,_ you enjoy individual sports?,2.Every Monday morning Mr.Johnson has a meeting.,_ Mr.Johnson _ a meeting every Monday morning?,3.He set the alarm clock for seven.,_ he _ the alarm clock for seven?,4.They could hardly believe the news.（反意疑问句）,They could hardly believe the news,_ _?,5.Mary bought some milk in the supermarket.,Mary bought some milk in the supermarket,_ _?,Do,Does,have,Did,set,could they,didnt,she,情态动词,情态动词本身有各种意思，但是不能单独作为谓语，只能和动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情感。,(At the beginning of a class),S for students T for teacher,S:May I come in?,T:Yes,please.,S:Excuse me for my being late.There were so many cars on the road,and the taxi driver couldnt drive fast.,T:You should not be late next time.,May I,couldnt,should,In the reading room.,A:May I have this seat?,B:Yes,please.,A:May I use your computer?,B:Sorry,you cant.Im using it now.,A:May I have some crackers here?,B:No,you mustnt.You should obey the rules.,May I,May I,May I,cant,mustnt,should,A:Must we keep quiet here?,B:Yes,we must.,A:Must we hand in the exercise books this afternoon?,B:No,we neednt.We may hand them in tomorrow.,A:Can you spell the word“annoying”?,B:Yes,I can.“a-n-n-o-y-i-n-g”.,A:Can you tell me why we must do the exercises?,B:Sorry,I cant.Youd better go and ask the teacher yourself.,Must we,must,Must we,neednt,may,Can,can,Can,must,cant,情态动词的特点：,没有,人称和数的变化,。,He can _(speak)English.,2.直接构成,否定句，疑问句,。,He cant speak English.,Can he speak English?,3.必须和,动词原形,一起构成谓语。,He can speak English.,2)情态动词：,can,（可以，,会,，可能）,may,（可以,可能，请求或建议）,may+V,(对现在情况的推测）,must,(必须，应该，一定，大概，2，3人称命令要求）,need:,1）need do sth/neednt do sth,2）,need to do sth,dont need to do sth,should (,应该),=ought to/had better,would(主观意志和愿望）,have to,be able to,ought to,used to,不得不，必须,可能，能够,应该,过去常常,dont have to=neednt do sth,Must,用于一般疑问句，表示询问对方的意图。肯定的回答只能是,否定的回答有两种：一定不行的用,没有必要用,A:,Must,I finish my homework before I play video games,Mum?,B:Im afraid you,must,.,2.A:,Must,I get up early tomorrow,Dad?,B:No,you,neednt,.Tomorrow is Sunday.,must,mustnt,neednt.,2.must 在肯定句中，表示“必须”，“一定要”。,You must obey the traffic rules when driving in the city.,3.must 在否定句中，表示“千万不要”，“决不可”“禁止”。,You mustnt smoke here.,肯定回答通常用 Yes,you may.,否定的回答有两种：不可以的:No,you may not;,绝对不行的:No,you mustnt.,May I(we)?,1 表示允许或征求对方的许可,2 表示请求或提出建议,3.可以表示可能性有“或许”、“可能”,May I help you?,His grandparents may come tomorrow.,can,1.Can(could)表示一种能力。无论肯定还是否定，都用can 来回答。,A:Can you play football?,B:Yes,I can.No,I cant.,2.在征询对方许可的疑问句首，可用can也可用may开问,A:Can I come in?/May I come in？,B:Yes,you can./Yes,you may.,用,Could,开问的句子不表示过去时，只表示语气的委婉，答句或后面的宾语从句都从现在时范畴的时态考虑。,1.A:,Could,you help me with my lessons?,B:Of course I,can,.,2.Could you tell me if you,have finished,your work?,would,情态动词 would 主要表示”愿意“，其次作为will 的过去式使用。,Would you like some tea?Yes,please./No,thanks.,Would you like to join us?Yes,Id like to.,Would you like me to help you with your English?,Yes,please./Thats very kind of you.,No,thanks./No,thank you.I can do it myself.,情态动词的几种特殊用法：,must,+动词原形：表示说话人对现有状态的肯定猜测；意思是“一定是”,Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem,so it,must,be very difficult.,He,cant,be Mr.Brown.He has just gone to Europe.,cant,+动词原形：表示说话人对现有状态的否定猜测；意思是“不可能”,情态动词,can,may,must,need,should,shall,will,could,would,The bird can sing sweet songs.,Can I help you?,May I leave the table now?No,you may not.,Must I do my homework at once?No,you neednt.,You should apologize to Mr Hopkins.,Shall we go by ourselves?,Could you help Linda with her lessons later?,1.Because there is no light in the room,he _ be in.,A.mustnt B.cant C.neednt D.dare not,2.-May I smoke here?-No,_.,A.you mustnt B.you may not,C.youd better not D.all the three answers,3.-Could I use your pen?-Certainly,you _.,A.will B.can C.may D.could,4.-Must we finish the work today?-No,you _.You may leave some to tomorrow.,A.cant B.mustnt C.dont D.neednt,5.You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.,A.neednt to come B.dont need come,C.dont need coming D.neednt come,B,A,B,D,D,联系动词,连接主语和表语的动词，用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征以及状态。联系动词只有主动形式。,How do they look/taste/smell/feel?,smell _,feel_,They look_,taste_,orange,sour,nice,cold.,Link Verb,Adjectives after verbs,Link Verb+Adjective,感官类:,“变成”:,其他:,look,feel,sound,taste,smell,become,get,grow,turn,come(true),go(wrong/bad),be,seem,keep,fall,sound,beautiful,look,angry,look,angrily,at,sth.,feel,soft look,surprisedly,at,the news,taste,delicious,smell,good,seem,strange=,seem,to be strange,become,useful,fall,ill/asleep,get,angry,stay,awake,turn,red,grow,dark,come,true,go,wrong,keep,warm,特殊动词,keep,the room,clean,make,the city,greener,find,the man,dead,leave,the door,open,get,everything,ready,set,the man,free,The fish tasted _.Throw it away at once.,A.badly B.bad C.nice D.nicely,2.The 2008 Olympic theme song“You and Me”sounds _.,A.softly B.beautiful C.well D.beautifully,3.You look _.Whats wrong with you?,A.happily B.sadly C.pale D.badly,4.He became _ and hurriedly left the office without saying anything.,A.angry B.friendly C.gently D.sadly,5.The fried chicken smells so _ that every child wants to have a taste.,A.well B.terribly C.delicious D.awful,6.George wasnt used to telling lies.His face turned _.,A.red B.clean C.sadly D.happily,7.I dont feel very _ today.I want to see a doctor.,A.bad B.good C.badly D.well,实义动词,具有完整意义，可以单独作为谓语的动词，主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质，也可和助动词相结合表示更加复杂的动词意义。（及物和不及物）,raise,your hand (vt),raise,the temperature(vt),the temperature,rises,(vi),The river,rose,two feet.(vi),The sun,rises,in the east.,He,rose,early to do some reading.,He,rose,to answer the question.,raise rise,enter for,the item,take part in,the group singing,join in,the group singing,join,the singing group,attend,the meeting/a concert,go to,the meeting/a concert,go in for,the long jump/music,参加,reach,the picture on the wall,reach,the town,arrive at,the town,arrive,tomorrow,get to,the town,reach/get/arrive,home,到达,1)sb.,spend time doing,sth.,2)sb.,spend time on,sth.,3)It,takes,time(for sb)to do sth.,花时间：,sb.,pay,money,for,sth,.,sb.,spend,money,on,sth,.,sth,.,cost,(sb),money,It,cost,sb.,money,(to do sth).,How much is?,How much does.cost?,Whats the price of?,花钱,：,put on,a pair of glasses,wear,a red T shirt,have,a coat,on,dress,sb.,in,a red coat,be dressed in,a red coat=,wear,穿，戴：,look for,a book in the room,search,the room,for,the book,find,a mistake,find out,who broke the window,discover,a new star,找,listen to,the report /the radio,hear,the news,look at,the blackboard,see,a UFO,read,a card/map,watch,a match,visit,a friend,听,看,look at,page one,look out of,the window,look after,the child,look like,a worker,look up,a word,look for,a pen,look forward,to,meeting you,bring,the book when you come here,take,the book when you go there,fetch,some water,send/post/mail,him a letter,carry,fifty passengers,carry,much water,move into,a new flat,拿,say,something,say,it in English,say,a word/a few words,say,good morning to sb.,say,(to sb.)that.,What did you _ at the meeting?,说,tell,the time/the way/the difference,tell,a story/the truth/the news,tell,sb.about the book/his work/life,tell,sb.to do sth.,tell,sb.that.,can,tell,wh.,What did you _ him to _ at the party?,Tell 是及物动词：,talk about,sth.,talk with,/to,sb.about sth.,speak,English,speak,at the meeting,speak to,sb.about sth.,Are you going to _ at the meeting?,What are you going to_at the meeting?,put up,a picture/ones hand,put off,a meeting,put out,a fire,take up,English,pull down,a house,also,too,either,excuse,reason,cause,make,hard,hardly,lie,lay,much,many,plenty of,a lot of,besides,except,borrow,lend,keep,be made in,be made of,be made from,be made up of,used to do,be used to doing,get off,get on,get up,give up,give out,go on,go over,go up,hear from,hear of,hold on,hold up,in no time,at present,for the time being,later on,now and then/again,right now,sooner or later,keepfrom,keep doing,keep in touch with，keep off,look after,look at,look for,look forward to,look like,look out of,look up,make fun of,make out,make up ones mind,pick out,pick up,put off,put on,put out,put up,take away,take care of,take charge of,take hold of,take in,take off,take out,take part in,take place,take the place of,take up,think about,think of,think over,turn down,turn into,turn off,turn on,turn out,turn over,with great care,with pleasure,with one voice,with ones own eyes,