我国服务贸易竞争力的现状、制约原因.doc

我国服务贸易竞争力的现状、制约原因
我国服务贸易竞争力的现状、制约原因
The present situation of the competitiveness of China's service trade and the restricted reason

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服务中贸易是产业进步的标志，是服务产业国际化的体现。当今社会，服务业的发达程度，是影响一个国家或地区经济和社会发展的重要因素，因为服务业中的某些产业既是一个独立的产业，同时又是其它产业乃至整个社会发展的命脉。

一、 我国服务贸易发展的现状

改革开放以来，我国经济的发展及产业结构的逐步改善，特别是我国第三产业迅速崛起，为我国国际服务贸易的发展创造了良好的条件。服务贸易继续呈现增长，服务贸易结构进一步改善，附加价值较高的服务产品收入也有了较大的增加。
但是，由于历史及国际经济格局的现状短期内还不能有所改变等原因，中国服务出口还缺乏竞争力，服务产品的档次还较低，提高中国服务贸易的国际地位及国际竞争力需要不断努力，还需在要较长时间通过改善各种制约中国服务贸易发展的不利因素才能达到更高发展水平的目的。 

二、 影响我国服务贸易的主要因素 

　1.服务贸易结构不合理。我国服务贸易的输出，主要集中在劳务工程承包、远洋运输、旅游等劳动密集型部门和资源禀赋优越的部门，而在大量专业服务和高技术领域，则处于净进口的状态。 
2.服务贸易管理体制滞后。服务贸易发展政策缺乏透明度，各有关职能部门在服务贸易方面上实行多头管理，容易造成责任不明确、交叉和条块分割、经营秩序混乱以及行业垄断。
3.服务贸易方面的人才缺乏。现代服务业的快速发展要以技术的提高为前提，只有掌握了高水平的技术研发能力和运用能力，才能为现代服务业的发展提供保障，促进其快速升级发展。
4.服务贸易立法不健全，服务贸易立法严重滞后。近年来，我国服务贸易立法有较大改观，但是，同服务贸易广泛的内涵和国际服务贸易发展要求相比仍存在较大差距。
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The present situation of the competitiveness of China's service trade and the restricted reason

Service trade is a sign of progress, is the embodiment of the service industry internationalization. nowadays society,Service industry developed, is a important factors of country or region economic and social development. Because the services of certain industries is not only an independent industry, and other industries and the whole social development.

The development of Chinese service trade
Since Reform and Opening to the Outside World, China's economic development and the gradual improvement of industrial structure, especially the rapid rise of the third industry in our country, for the development of international service trade in China has created favorable conditions. Trade in services continues to increase, to further improve the structure of service trade, products high additional value service have greater increase.
However, due to the historical and the present situation of the international economic pattern in the short term can not change, China's service export is lack of competitiveness, service the grade of the product is low, improve the international status of China's service trade and the international competitiveness requires constant effort, still need to be a long time by improving the various adverse factors restricting the development of China's service trade to achieve higher levels of development.

The effect of the Chinese service trade
1. The Service Trade Structure is Unreasonable. Output of China's service trade, mainly concentrated in the services engineering contracting, ocean transportation, tourism, and other labor-intensive and resources endowment superior departments, and in a large number of professional services and high technology fields, is in the condition of net imports.
2. Trade in Services Management System Lags Behind. Lack of transparency in the service trade development policy, the relevant functional departments in terms of trade in services on the bulls management, easy to cause the responsibility is not clear, cross, and regional segmentation, operation order, and industry monopoly.
3. Lack of Talent in Service Trade. The rapid development of modern service industry with technology of improving the premise, only mastered the high level of technology research and development ability and the ability to use, to provide security for the development of modern service industry, for upgrading its rapid development.
4. Service trade legislation is not perfect, service trade legislation lagging behind seriously. In recent years, China's service trade legislation has great change, however, with the extensive connotation of trade and service trade development is still larger gap.