旱灾灾情监测中的遥感应用综述.doc

23 1
V ol . 23 N o. 1

2008 2 R EMO T E SENSIN G T EC HNOL O GY AND A PPL ICA TION Feb. 2008

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( A T I) ( P) ,

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,: Td Tn , N O A A/
A V H R R 4
,( A T I) ( W ) ,
:

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W = a + b A T I ( 3)
: W , a b
:
CWSI = [(1 + rc / ra ) - ]/ [+(1 + rc / ra ) ] (5)

,:=( 1 + rcp / ra ) , rcp

[ 10 ] MOD IS ,
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[ 11 ]
,

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A A/ A V H R R , 0
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[ 12 ] ,
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( Crop Wat er St re ss Inde x , CW
SI) J ack so n[ 13 ]
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:
CWSI = 1 - L E / L P ( 4)
: L E , L P
( ) ,
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, ra , rc

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L E
,CWSI ,,

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, GIS ,
[ 17 ]
2001 2002

CWSI
,Mo ra n[ 18 ] ( Wat e r Deficit
Inde x , WD I) ,:
WD I = [ ( Ts - T a ) max - ( Ts - T a ) r ]/
[ ( Ts - T a ) max - ( Ts - T a ) min ] ( 6)
: Ts , T a
WD I ,

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[ 19 ] MOD IS ,
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1 :113

4 . 1
( A no mal y Veget atio n Inde x , A V I) :
A V I = NDV Ii - NDV I ( 7)
: NDV Ii ( ) NDV I
,NDV INDV I
A V I 0 ,;
A V I 0 ,
A V I - 0 . 1 - 0 . 2 ,
- 0 . 3- 0 . 6
[ 20 ] , NOAA/
AV HRR 2000

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,,
[ 21 ]
; [ 22 ]
19821998 (1999 )
,AV HRR NDV I
NDV I ,
18 a
4 . 2
( Veget atio n Co nditio n Inde x , V C I) :
VCI = NDV Ii - NDV Imin / NDV Imax - NDV Imin (8)
: NDV Ii i NDV I
,NDV Ima x NDV Imin i
NDV I
( Veget atio n Co nditio n Inde x ,
V C I) NDV I
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NDV I ,
,
[ 23 ,24 ] [ 25 ,26 ] N OA A/ A V H R R
NDV I ,
102
( - 20 cm) ,
,

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4 . 3

,
:
NDV Ij = NDV Ij - NDV Ij - 1 ( 9)
:NDV Ij j , NDV Ij
, NDV Ij - 1 j

NDV Ij ,
;NDV Ij
,[ 27 ] [ 27 ]
2001 2002

,
,

4 . 4
( Veget atio n Supp licatio n Wat e r
Inde x ,V SW I) :
V SW I = NDV I/ Ts ( 10)
: Ts NDV I
,V SW I , V SW I
,,

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N O A A/ A V H R R , V SW I
Ts 4
[ 28 ] N O A A/ A V H R R
20012002
[ 29 ]
2004 10

MOD IS ,
MOD IS NDV I N OA A/ A V H R R
NDV I ,V SW I
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[ 10 ] V SW I ,ND
V I ( EV I) ,
,2005 4 5

4 . 5
Sa ndholt [ 30 ]

( Te mp e rat ure Ve get atio n Dr yne ss Inde x , TVD I)
:
TVD I = TS - T S min / T S max - TS min ( 11)
min
: TS , TS
max
TS = a + bNDV I

114 23

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D IS ,
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( 3) :1 6 . [ ,, . MOD IS
[ J ] . , 2006 , 24

( 3) :1 6 . ]
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1 :115

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[ J ] . ,2005 ,26 ( 4) :215 219 . ]
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[J ] . ,1991 ,6 ( 2) :89 99 . ]
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,. GIS NOA A/ A V H RR
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[ J ] . ,
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,1998 ,9 ( 4) :496 500 . ]
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( ) [ J ] . ,
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( )
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2
2 2

116 23

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,. EO S MOD IS
[J ] . ,2005 ,17 ( 2) : 202 205 . ]

Overvie w of Remote Sensing Approaches to Drought Mon itoring

GU O H u , WA N G Yi ng , WA N G Fa ng
( Ke y L abo r at o r y o f E n v i ron m e nt C h a n ge a n d N at u r al D is as t e r , M i nis t r y o f E d uc at i on ,

B ei j i n g N o r m al U ni v e rs i t y , A c a de m y o f D is as t e r R e d uct i on a n d Em e r ge nc y M a n a g em e nt ,
M i nis t r y o f Ci v i l A f f ai rs & M i nis t r y o f E d uc at i on , B ei j i n g 100875 , C h i n a)

Abstract :Dro ught occur s f reque nt l y i n mo st regio n s of Chi na a nd serio u sly i mp act s t he a gric ult ure . Re mo t e
se n si ng i s t he efficie nt met ho d w hic h ca n dyna mic mo nito r dro ught at a great ra nge of scale . Thi s p ap e r re viewed t he c ur re nt re mo t e se n si ng app ro ac he s i n dro ught mo nito ri ng a nd de scri be s seve ral met ho d s fo r ef
f ective dro ught mo nito ri ng of la r ge la nd a rea s , i ncl udi ng t her mal i ne r tia , evapo t ra n spi ratio n a nd t he ve ge
t atio n i nde x ; F ur t her mo re , t he veget atio n i nde x i ncl ude s a no mal y veget atio n i nde x , veget atio n co nditio n
i nde x , ve get atio n i nde x diff ere nce , ve get atio n supp licatio n wat e r i nde x a nd t e mp erat ure ve get atio n dr yne ss
i nde x a nd so o n . Do mi na nce s a nd li mit atio n s of t he se met ho ds a re di sc u sse d. A s t he app licatio n of dro ught mecha ni sm co mbi ni ng wit h MOD IS dat a ,dro ught will be mo nito re d i n a wi de r scale i n t he f ut ure .
Key words :Dro ught ; Re mo t e se n si ng ; Mo nito ri ng

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