高考英语形容词、副词讲解(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,高考英语专题复习,-,形容词、副词考点,1,PART,形容词的语法功能,形容词的基本用法,高考中常出的考察热点和答题技巧,：,2,大飞囊,3,形容词用法,：,The,gorgeous,car,looks/is,awesome,！,His idea sounds,reasonable,.,The barber,dyed,her hair,red,.,The naughty boy made his sister,cry,.,The old,have been taken good care of.,定语,表语,宾语补足语,The+adj,表示一类人，做主语或宾语,表语,4,1.,名词,+,后缀 形容词,1),ful:,help-help,ful,use-use,ful,2),al:,naturenatur,al,3),able,:reasonreason,able,4),ce-t,:patien,ce,-patien,t,2.,动词,+,后缀 形容词：,interestinterest,ed,interest,ing,amazeamaz,ed,amaz,ing,常见形容词后缀,：,-ing,形容词,一般修饰事物,。,-ed,形容词,主语一般是人,。,5),ty,-,ious,:curiosi,ty,-cur,ious,5,练习,1.She is a _ (nature)musician.,2 The man is a worker _(retire)last year.,3 .It will not be _(suit)for us to live in the world in the future.,4.The kid was very _ (interest)in physics.,5.We all find it _(importance)to learn English well.,6.Mary felt _(please),because there were many empty seats in the room.,(2016,年广东高考语法填空,),2,natural,retired,suitable,interested,important,pleased,6,在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为,:,限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语,。,但当几个形容词同时出现在名词之前,我们要注意其次序。,其形容词遵循的词序为：,限观形龄色国材，,指：,限定词,（包括冠词，指示词数量）,外观,（美丽等）,形状,（大小高矮肥瘦）,年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。,a,famous,American,university,an interesting,small,old,Italian,painting,a,new,plastic,bucket,多个定语形容词排列顺序：,7,其形容词排列遵循的词序为：,限观形龄色国材,，,指：,限定词,（包括冠词，指示词数量）,外观,（美丽等）,形状,（大小高矮肥瘦）,年龄,；颜,色,；,国,籍；,材,料；用途,。,。,县官行令杀国才,。,8,。,县官行令杀国才,。,一辆漂亮的黄色意大利小车。,那位魅力十足的年轻苗条的女士。,a gorgeous small yellow Italian car,that charming slim young lady.,9,表语形容词：,它指的是那些只用于,连,系动词,后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。英语中的表语,形容词,非常有限，归纳起来，主要有以下几类,：,1.,某些,以,a-,开头,形容词,:,absent,缺席的，,afraid,害怕的,alive,活着的,alone,单独的，,ashamed,羞愧的，,asleep,睡着的,awake,醒着的，,alike,相似的,请看实例：,Dont,be,afraid of it.,别怕。,He,was,alone in the house.,他独自一人在家里。,若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他,形容词,：,误：,an asleep child,an ashamed girl,an alive poet,正：,a sleeping child,，,a shy girl,，,a living poet,2,、某些表示健康的,形容词,fine,健康的,ill,有病的,well,健康的,faint,昏迷的,请看实例：,he was ill and couldnt come,他病了，所以不能来。,10,11,注意：,very,不能用来修饰,表语形容词,；,afraid,害怕的，,ashamed,羞愧的，除外。,He fell asleep completely.,They were very ashamed of his behavior.,Friends,，,supper is,ready,now.,They are,fond,of global tour.,The twins look,alike,so much.,English is,well,worth,learning.,.,12,改正下列句中的错误,I have to stay at home to look after my ill,sister,who caught a bad cold the other day,.,解析：,ill,表示“生病的”意思时，只用作表语形容词，,不能作定语,。,什么是表语形容词？,sick,13,b,表语形容词作定语要后置。,把括号中的词放入恰当的位置,All the people at the party were his supporters.,（,present,）,14,c,形容词修饰不定代词,something,everything,anything,nothing,，,nobody,等时，要位其于后面。,如：,Is there anything,important,in today,s,newspaper?,3,任何聪明人：,anybody,smart,；,2.,今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？,1.,美好的东西,:,Something,nice,15,D.enough,做副词修饰形容词时，放在其修饰的形容词,后面,。,They are strong,enough,to performance the fierce game.The singer was wealthy,enough,to buy such a luxury vehicle.,16,例,:,_ to take this adventure course will,certainly learn a lot of useful skills.(,全国,),Brave enough students,B.Enough brave students,C.Students brave enough,D.Students enough brave,enough,修饰形容词时,要放在形容词,之后,，,enough,修饰名词时,放在,前后都可。,17,原级比较句型结构,:,1.“as+adj/adv+as”,一样,等级比较,2.not so(as)+adj/adv+as.”,不如,不等级比较,该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的,程度上的相似或不同,(,即平时说的“等级比较和,不等级比较”,),。,例如：,My computer is not,so(as),heavy,as,yours.,我的电脑不如你的重,。,18,2.“,as many/few+,可数名词复数,+as,”,或,as much/little(,少的,)+,不可数名词,+as,。,前者描述数目上接近，后者描述量相近。,例如：,You may get,as many,books,as,you can.,你能借多少书就借少。,“,Drink,as much,water,as,you can.”the doctor said to him.,医生对他说：“你要尽可能的多喝些水。,19,20,You can,t be too careful.,You cant be careful enough,.,你越仔细越好。,越,就越好；怎么,也不为过分：,主语,+cant be too+adj=,主语,+cant be+adj+enough,21,little,less,不规则变化形式,much/many,more,most,far,farther,farthest,bad/ill/badly,worse,worst,good/well,better,best,least,8,22,词 尾 变 化,原级,比较级,最高级,单,音节,词在词尾加,-er(,比较级,),或,-est(,最高级,),以不发音的字母,e,结尾的词加,-r,或,-st,tall hard large wide,重读闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个一个辅音字母，再加,er,或,est,big hot thin fat wet,以“辅音字母,+y,”结尾的双音节词，变y为,i,再加,-er,或,-est,happy dry early,narrow clever,able,多音节,词和,多数双音节词,在其前面加,more,和,most,difficult popular,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,abler,narrowest cleverest,ablest,more difficult more popular,most difficult most popular,少数以,-er,-ow,-able结尾的,双音节词,末尾加,-er,或,-est,规则变化,23,原级,good,well,bad,ill,many,much,little,far,old,比较级,最高级,bette,r,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记：,特殊形式比较级,共有三对二合一,坏病两多并两好,little,意思不是小,一分为二有两个,一是老来,二是远,24,late,later,latest,fat,fat,t,er,fat,t,est,happy,happ,i,er,happ,i,est,difficult,more difficult,the most difficult,careful,interesting,delicious,beautiful,Important,popular,fine,nice,large,safe,/big,thin heavy,pretty,easy,thirsty,healthy,7,25,比较级的用法,:,表一方超过另一方时,用“,比较级,+than,”,结构,；,表一方不如另一方时,用“,less+,原级,+than,”,结构,.,This park is,better than,that one.,This park is,less cute than,that one.,2.,比较级前可加修饰词,much,even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,far,yet,by far,rather,.,注意,:by far,通常用于强调,最高级,用于比较级时一般放在比较级,后面,;,如放在前面,应在中间加,the.,26,比较级考点：,1.,表示,“,比,.,更,”,。,用,比较级形容词,+than+,比较成分,than,后的动词往往省略,非正式用法,than,后人称代名词可用宾格。,He is younger than me.,他比我年轻。,I am a better swimmer than he,（,him,）,.,2.,表,“,较,.,低,;,不及,.”,用,less+,原级形容词,+than+,比较成分,。,I am less young than he,（,is,）,.,我不比他年轻。,3.,表两者之中,“,较,.”,用,the,+,比较级,+of the two,。,This one is the bigger of the two houses.,这所房子是两座房子中较大的。,4.,定冠词,/,指示形容词,+,比较级,+,名词,表示比较意义。,The taller boy is John.,那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰。,5.,有少数以,ior,结尾的形容词,如,inferior,（次于）,junior,（年幼的,;,下级的）,prior,（之前）,senior,（年长的,上级的）,superior,（优于）等与,介词,to,连用。,This method,is superior,to,that one.,这种方法优于那种方法,27,如,:,He is taller,by far,than his brother.,He is,by far the,taller of the two brothers.,His explanation is _.,by far clearer B.clearer by far,C.the clearer by far D.the clearer,28,比较形容词可以被副词如,a little,（一点）,much,（得多）,even,（更加）,still,（更加）,far,（,.,的多）,a lot,a bit,a great deal,rather,，,a little,，等修饰,翻译,:,现在的生活简单得多了。,Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.,Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.,注意,;,fairly,very,quite,不修饰比较级,quite better,除外,。,凡是不能修饰比较级的副词，也不能用在,too,前面,。,29,例,：,-How did you find your visit to the museum?,-I thoroughly enjoyed it.It was _ than I had expected.,A.far more interesting,B.even much interesting,C.more interesting,D.a lot much interesting,修饰比较级的副词有,much,far,even,still,a lot,a little,yet,a bit,by far,etc,.,30,此时形容词都按多音节对待。,31,常考搭配：,1.,the+,比较级,the+,比较级,越,，就越,The,harder,you learn,the better,your scores will be.,The busier he is,the happier he feels.,The more difficult the question is,the funnier the students appear.,more and more.,越来越,As summer is drawing near,daytime is getting longer and longer.,32,3,倍数表示法：,1),倍数,+as+,形容词原级,+as,；,2),倍数,+,形容词比较级,+than,；,3),倍数,+the,+size/length/width/height/depth/cover,+of,。,The dining hall is 3 times,as large as,that one.,The dining hall is 2 times,larger than,that one.,The dining hall is 3 times the,size of,that one,.,33,34,倍数表达法特殊训练,：,35,36,4 .,no more than,Vs,not more than,This book is no more interesting than that one.,这本书不比那本书更有意思。（两者一样没意思。）,This book is not more interesting than that one.,这本书还不如那本书有意思。（还比不上本书有意思）,37,5,“,否定,+,比较级,”,表达的意思相当于,最高级,。,Wait until we get a satisfactory reply,will you?,I,couldnt agree more,.The idea sounds great to me.,“,a+,比较级,+,名词（,than,）”结构出现在以,never,构成的,完成时态的,动词,后面。,How beautifully she sings,！,I,have never heard,a,better,voice.,最高级,38,-Are you satisfied with his answer?,-,Not at all,.It couldnt have been_(bad).,worse,39,(2016),“,The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _(sweet).”,思路点拨,:,这是,否定词,nothing,与比较级连用,表示最高级的概念,，故填,sweeter,。,句意是：“没有什么东西比这个更甜了”，也就是说“这是世界上最甜的水”。,sweeter,40,形容词最高级 ：,(,三个以上,比较才有最高级,),the+adj,最高级,+of/in/among,eg.,Their English teacher is,the cleverest of,all the teachers/in the school/among all the teachers.,有时形容词最高级前不是定冠词,the,，而是,a/an,此时不是比较结果而是一种修辞手法，,意为：极其，非常。,eg.She is,a best friend,of mine.,41,1,、,one of+the+adj.,最高级,+n.,（复）,of/among/in,意思,“最,的,之一”,eg,.Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions of ancient China.,2,、,the+,序数词,+adj.,最高级,+n.,（单）,+in,短语,“,第几（长、大、远）,”,eg.,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China,.,3,、,adj.,最高级 可用在选择疑问句中，常用句型：,Which/Who A,B or C?,eg.,Which city is the biggest,Beijing,Shanghai or Chongqing?,4,、当,adj.,最高级 前有,物主代词,、,指示代词,、,名词所有格,修饰时，省掉最高级前的定冠词,the,。,eg.,Linda is my sisters best friend,最高级常考考点：,42,答题技巧,43,1.,(2014,全国,1,语法填空,),Finally,that hard work paid off and now the,water in the river is,(clean)than ever.,2.,(,2015,四川,),Andy is content with the toy.It is the,(good)he ever got.,3.,(,2015,全国,II,),-,Mr.Stevenson is great to work for.,I really couldnt ask for a,(good)boss,.,cleaner,better,best,形容词比较级的标志词,形容词最高级的标志词,否定词+比较级相当于最高级,口诀,:,两者比较,than,相连,三者比较,the,在前,。,小结：一些题目可以直接通过,得到答案。,标志词,44,4,.(2016,山东,),Be,(reason)-you,cant expect me to finish all this wok in so little time.,5,.(,2014,全国,II,),While there are,(amaze)stories of instant transformation.,6.(,2014,年全国,I,改错题,),The teachers here are kind and helpfully.,helpful,系动词后面用形容词作表语,reasonable,名词前面用形容词作定语,系动词后面用形容词作表语,amazing,小结,:,形容词通常放在,后作表语,前作定语,。,系动词,名词,45,合作探究,1.,哪些小题与形容词有关？,2.,分别考查哪一个考点？,A.,比较等级,B.,形容词后缀,C.,变为副词,46,高考链接,47,(2014,全国新课标,I,语法填空,),Are you facing a situa-tion that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland,Ohio.It,61,(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.,The river was so polluted that it,62,(actual),caught fire and burned.Now,years later,this river is one of,63,most out-standing examples of environmental clean up.But the river wasnt changed in a few days,64,even a few months.It took years of work,65,(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.,was,actually,the,or,to reduce,48,Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is,66,(clean)than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you leave a habit,67,isdriving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an im-possible situation,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are,68,(amaze)stories of instant transformation,for most of us the,69,(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be,70,.(patience),cleaner,amazing,changes,patient,that/which,49,2016,全国新课标,I,Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland,Ohio.It,61,(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it,62,(actual)caught fire and burned.Now,ears later,this river is one of,63,most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days,64,even a few months.It took years of work,65,(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is,66,(clean)than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you leave a habit,67,is driving your family crazy.(,删减两句,)While there are,68,(amaze)stories of instant transfor-mation,for most of us the,69,(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be,70,.(patience),62.考点一：与副词互换,63.考点二：比较等级,66.考点二：,比较等级,68.考点三：形容词后缀,70.考点三：形容词后缀,50,1,什么是副词？,翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。,1.When the lights are on,the city looks marvelous.,2.Though frequently beaten by his opponent,he,didnt lose heart.,3.He is pretty clever when it comes to repairs.,4.Obviously,the murderer had a good knowledge of the crime situation.,修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。,51,副词,52,副词用来,修饰动词,形容词,其他副词或整个结构。,They,always,get up,early,.,修饰动词。,The kid was,strong,enough to lift such a rock,修饰 形容词。,1,什么是副词？,53,副词的位置：,1,）在动词之后。,2,）在,be,动词、助动词之后。,3,）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。,4),几个副词,程度,方式,地点,时间,We study,hard,at school,every day,.,2,副词的位置？,54,形容词变副词,规则：,1.,直接在形容词后面加,ly,：,hopeful,2.,以辅音字母,+y,结尾,变,y,为,i,再加,ly,：,angry easy,3.,以辅音字母,+le,结尾,e,变,y,possible,terrible,slow,slowly,hopefully,angrily,easily,possibly,terribly,55,especial,excited,amazing,natural,real,形容词,副词,especial,ly,excited,ly,amazing,ly,natural,ly,real,ly,56,将下列形容词转化为副词形式,careful,loud,safe,quick,slow,第一组：,slow,ly,quick,ly,careful,ly,loud,ly,safe,ly,57,第二组,：,happy,lucky,heavy,angry,easy,happ,ily,l,uck,ily,heav,ily,angr,ily,eas,ily,58,第三组,：,terrible,gentle,possible,simple,terrib,ly,gent,ly,possib,ly,simp,ly,59,总结变化规则,1.,直接,+,ly,2.,以辅音字母,+,y,结尾的形容词变,y,为,i,再,+,ly,3.,有些以,le,结尾的形容词需要去掉,e,再,+,y,注意以下以,ly,结尾的,形容词,love,ly,friend,ly,ug,ly,li,k,e,ly,60,3/25/2025,Adverb(,副词,),形容词转换成副词的规则,副词的,用法,2,.,修饰整个句子,1.,修饰形容词，其他副词。,3.,修饰动词,1.,直接,+,ly,2.,以,y,结尾的形容词,变,y,为,i,再,+,ly,3.,以,-ble,或,le,结尾的形容词,去掉,e,再,+,y,Summary,61,副词的用法,修饰形容词,The panda is,really,lovely,.,副词,形容词,修饰,62,1.They are,really,beautiful,.,2.They acted,wonderfully,in the TV play.,3.,Regretfully,we can not talk to them face to face,.,63,1.The clothes are_(extreme),beautiful.,2.,I am _,_(terrible)sorry,.,3.The boy _,_(serious)ill,.,terribl,y,serious,ly,extremely,64,副词的用法,-,修饰全句,Surprisingly,the two little,girls can draw so well.,副词,修饰全句,65,1._(,natural),our parents are happy to get our phone call.,Naturally,2,._(amazing),the tree did not die.,Amazingly,3._,_(,lucky),a,policeman found the boy.,Luckily,66,He,sings,beautifully,.,副词的用法,修饰动词,副词,修饰,动词,67,1.,I got an A.Tomsaid _(happy).,2.,My race,went _,_,(wonderful)from start to finish,.,3,.,We hope your children grow,_,(healthy).,happily,wonderfully,healthily,68,注意：,1),方式副词,well;badly,糟,坏,;hard,等,只放在句尾。,He speaks English well.,be badly ill/hurt/damaged/in need,2),副词,very,可以修饰形容词，但,不修饰动词。,改错：,I very like English.,I like English very much.,69,副词比较级,和,最高级,用法同形容词基本一样。,只是，,副词最高级形式前的,the,通常要省略,。,He runs,fastest,in our class.,他在我们班跑地最快。,enough,即可当形容词也可当副词；,We have enough time to finish our class.,当副词时，放在,其修饰的形容词,后面,：,He used to be,strong,enough,to lift a bull.,70,6.,Alan is a careful driver,but he drives_ of all my friends.(,2017,上海,).,A.more carefully,B.the most carefully,C.less carefully,D.the least carefully,71,有的,副词有两种形式：,形容词原形,副词,，和,adj+ly,副词,。,后者倾向于抽象模糊的感觉：,close,与,closely,close,意思是,“,近,”,；,closely,意思是,仔细地,He is sitting,close,to me.,Watch him,closely,.,late,与,lately,late,意思是,“,晚,”,；,lately,意思是,最近,You have come too,late,.,What have you been doing,lately,?,deep,与,deeply,deep,是表空间深度；,deeply,表感情上的深度,深深地,He pushed the stick,deep,into the mud.,Even father was,deeply,moved by the film.,.,72,wide,与,widely,wide,表空间宽度；,widely,意,广泛地,，,在许多地方,He opened the door,wide,.,English is,widely,used in the world.,free,与,freely,free,的意思是,“,免费,”,；,freely,的意思是,无限制地,You can eat,free,in my restaurant whenever you like.,You may speak,freely,;say what you like,high,与,highly,high,表空间高度,;,highly,表程度,相当于,much,。,The plane was flying,high,.,I,think,highly,of,your opinion,73,go to bed late,.,A late train,74,选词填空：,1.“Open the door _,”said the teacher.,A.very wider,B.much widely.,C .much wider D.more wider.,2.The monitor told them to read the text _.,loud B.aloud C.loudly D.louder.,3.Look,，,the kites