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专题---反意疑问句
刘亚丽
反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)又叫附加疑问句。 它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。反意疑问句由两部分组成,前一部分是陈述句,或一部分是附加疑问句的简单句,中间用逗号隔开。如果前半部分是肯定形式,后半部分就用否定形式,如果前半部分是否定形式,后半部分就用肯定形式。
考点精讲
考点1:陈述句谓语是行为动词的一般现在时时,附加疑问句用do/ don’t或does/ doesn’t+主语
例句:Your brother lives in Shanghai, doesn’t he? 你哥哥住在上海不是吗?
Both of your parents work in the hospital, don’t they? 你的父母都在医院工作,不是吗?
考点2:陈述句谓语是行为动词的一般过去时时,附加疑问句用did/ didn’t +主语
例句:Simon and I didn’t celebrate our birthdays last year, did we?我和西蒙去年没有庆祝我们的生日,是吧?
考点3:陈述句谓语是行为动词的完成时时,附加疑问句用have 的适当形式+主语
例句:The workers have finished their work, haven’t they?工人们已经完成了他们的工作,不是吗?
The runner hasn’t reached the end, has he?那个赛跑的人还没有到终点,是吧?
考点4:陈述部分是there be 结构时,附加疑问句部分用相应谓语动词的适当形式+there
例句:There are some children in the room, aren’t there?房间里有一些孩子,不是吗?
There will be a volleyball match in our school, won’t there?我们学校将有一场排球赛,不是吗?
考点5:陈述部分有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问句用肯定形式
例句:Nobody wants to go there, does he? 没有人想去那儿,不是吗?
They have never been to New York, have they?他们从没有去过纽约,是吧?
考点6:陈述部分出现否定词缀(前缀或后缀)时,附加疑问句仍用否定结构
例句:The man was very unhappy, wasn’t he?这个人非常不开心,是吧?
The boy is too careless, isn’t he?这个男孩太粗心了,是吧?
考点7:含must 的反意疑问句
(1) 陈述部分含有情态动词must +be表示推测时,附加疑问句部分用isn’t/ aren’t +主语,不可用mustn’t; 如果must 表示“必须”的含义时,附加疑问句部分则用needn’t +主语。
例句:The bag must be yours, isn’t it?这个包一定是你的,不是吗?
Her mother must to home, needn’t she?你的母亲必须回家了,不是吗?
(2) 当陈述部分有mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句一般用must.
例句:You mustn’t smoke in the bus, must you ?你不能在公共汽车上抽烟,是吧?
考点8:祈使句的反意疑问句
(1) 当陈述部分为祈使句时,附加疑问句一般用will/ won’t/ would you.
例句:John, read the text for us, will you?约翰,给我们读一下课文,好吗?
(2) 当祈使句为let’s …结构时,附加疑问句部分用shall we; 如果是let us…结构,则用will/ won’t you.
例句:Let’s keep in touch, shall we?我们保持联系,好吗?
Let us drink some wine, will you?让我们喝点葡萄酒,好吗?
考点9:陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something等不定代词时,附加疑问句的主语要用代词it
例句:Something is wrong with the machine, isn’t it?机器有问题,不是吗?
考点10:当陈述部分为“I think/ believe/ guess/ suppose+宾语从句”时,附加疑问句应与宾语从句保持一致,并根据主句选用肯定或否定形式
例句:I suppose you ride yourself, don’t you?我猜想你自己会骑马,不是吗?
I don’t think she knows my name, does she?我认为她不知道我的名字,是吧?
特别记忆:当think 等动词的主语不是第一人称,这时,附加疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致
例如:She thinks she can get there on time, doesn’t she? 她认为她能准时到达那儿,是吧?
考点11:当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,附加疑问句的主语应该用it
例句:What he said is very important, isn’t?他说的话很重要,是吗?
考点12:陈述部分的主谓是I am 时,附加疑问句则用aren’t I
例句: I am an honest man, aren’t I ?我是个老实人,是吧?
考点13:陈述部分的动词是used to 时,附加疑问句可用
used或did+主语
例句:The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usedn’t/ didn’t they?史密斯一家过去住在乡下,是吗?
He didn’t use to tell lies, did he?他过去不说谎的,是吗?
考点14:含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,附加疑问部分用shouldn’t/ oughtn’t +主语。正式文体用should/ ought+ 主语+not形式
例句:He ought to know what to do , oughtn’t he/ shouldn’t he?他应该知道要做什么,不是吗?
考点15:陈述部分的谓语是wish,附加疑问部分要用may+主语
例句:I wish to have a word with you, may I ?我希望可以喝你说句话,可以吗?
考点16:陈述部分有had better时,附加疑问部分用hadn’t +主语
例句:You had better learn by heart as many sentence patterns as you can, hadn’t you?你最好尽可能多背句型,不是吗?
考点17:含have 的反意疑问句
(1) 陈述部分的谓语动词时have(当“拥有”讲时),附加疑问句用have 或do 的相应形式
例句:You have a nice house, haven’t /didn’t you?你有一栋漂亮的房子,不是吗?
(2) 但如果陈述句是否定形式时,附加疑问句中动词的选择则由陈述句中的动词形式而定
例句:He hasn’t a house of his own, has he?他没有自己的房子,是吗?
He doesn’t have a house of his won, does he?他没有自己的房子,是吗?
(3) 如果陈述句中的动词have表示“经历;遭遇;得到;吃”的意思时,则附加疑问句中的动词用do的相应形式
例如:You often have headaches, don’t you? 你经常头痛,不是吗?
考点18:陈述部分为主从复合句时,其附加疑问句一般应与主句保持一致,但陈述部分为I think/ believe/ suppose that …等时,附加疑问句通常与从句保持一致(注意否定的转移)
例句:She said that I did it, didn’t she?她说是我干的,不是吗?
I think that he is wrong, isn’t he?我认为他错了,不是吗?
I don’t suppose he will come, will he?我想他不会来了,是吗?
考点19:反意疑问句的回答
反意疑问句的回答有两种:陈述部分表示肯定意义时,回答与一般疑问句的回答相同。陈述部分表示否定意义时,回答与一般疑问句的回答形式相同,但与汉语意思相反。即yes译为“不”,no译为“是”
例句:(1)---The book is yours, isn’t it?这本书是你的,不是吗?
---Yes, it is.是的,它是。/ ---No, it isn’t.不,它不是。
(2)---He can hardly speak French, can’t he?他几乎不会说法语,对吗?
---Yes, he can.不,他会说。/ ---No, he can’t.是的,他不会说。
考点转练
一、 单项选择题
( )1. Have some more apples, ?
A. shall you B. have you C. will you D. can you
( )2.I don’t think he did such a stupid thing last night, ?
A. do I B. could he C. did he D. has he
( )3.There’s not much news about the missing mountain climbers in today’s newspaper, ?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t there D. is there
( )4.—Why is Tom absent?
--He must be sick, ?
A. isn’t he B. must he C. is he D. mustn’t he
( )5.What a terrible tsunami(海啸), ?
A. aren’t they B. are they C. isn’t it D. is it
( )6.It’s the first time that she has been to the United States, ?
A. isn’t she B. isn’t it C. hasn’t she D. hasn’t it
( )7.Nowadays in China some officers are unfit for their positions, ?
A. are they B. aren’t they C. don’t they D. do they
( )8.It hardly snows in Shenzhen, ?
A. doesn’t it B. does it C. snows it D. snow it
( )9.Protecting the South China tiger from dying out takes a long time,
?
A. doesn’t it B. don’t they C. does it D. do they
( )10.You’d better find some information about Nike’s “Chamber of fear” advertisement, ?
A. wouldn’t you B. had you C. hadn’t you D. should you
( )11.Most students used to listen to their teachers in class and completely obey their teachers, ?
A. used they B. weren’t they C. didn’t they D. did they
( )12.When the disaster struck, many people had no time to escape being killed, ?
A. didn’t they B. did they C. did it D. didn’t it
( )13.I am very excited to know S. H. E. is going to sing at the CCTV Spring Festival Soiree (春节联欢晚会), ?
A. aren’t I B. am not I C. aren’t you D. are you
( )14.I wish all the Chinese people to live a happy life forever, ?
A. don’t I B. can I C. may I D. may you
( )15.Something about stopping the strike will have to be done, ?
A. won’t it B. will it C. has it D. does it
二、完成下列反意疑问句(没空填一词)
1. Don’t talk in class, ?
2. He doesn’t teach English, ?
3. The girl went to school late, ?
4. I don’t think he is a businessman, ?
5. There is little water in the bottle, ?
6. let us have a good rest, ?
7. Few students in our class know the answer, ?
8. Lucy’s never late for school, ?
9. He hardly finishes his work on time, ?
10. Jim usually goes to school by bike, ?
参考答案:
一、单项选择题
1-5:C C D A C 6-10:BBBAC 11-15: CBACA
二、填空题:
1.will you 2.does he 3. didn’t she 4. is he 5. is there
6.will you 7. do they 8. is she 9. does he 10. doesn’t he
9
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