专题05情态动词与虚拟语气.doc

专题05 情态动词与虚拟语气1.I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen（2011江苏卷, 34【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。2.Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A. will B. must C. may D. can （2011福建卷, 25【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。3.Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended（2011福建卷, 34【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。4.What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced （2011安徽卷, 26【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你对将来的商店购物怎么看？我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。5.Hows your new babysitter?We _ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt （2011浙江卷, 11【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法【解析】句意为“一一你的新保姆怎么样？一一找不到更好的了.我们的孩子。我们的孩子很喜欢她。”should应该：might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。6. They_ have arrived at lunchtime but their fight was delayed.A. will B. can C. must D. should （2011全国卷, 32【答案】D【考点】考査虛拟语气的用法【解析】句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了.。”have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done 一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做； but their fight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D.7. If you smoke, please go outside.A. can B. should C.must D.may （2011全国卷II, 8【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。” must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要.根据后一句please go outside，选C-8.I dont really like James. Why did you invite him? Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not （2011北京卷, 24【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。9.Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been （2011北京卷, 28【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。10. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying （2011北京卷, 30【答案】C【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。11. I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come （2011天津卷,15【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。12. Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shouldnt （2011上海春招, 27【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustnt禁止，不允许；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不应该。根据句意选B。13. The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .A. can B. may C. must D. should （2011四川卷, 20【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。 【解析】句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。14. Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to, but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should （2011重庆卷, 25【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。15. I _through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone （2011陕西卷,22【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。 【解析】句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选A。16. Will you read me a story ,Mummy? OK. You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall （2011陕西卷,24【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？好的，如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。17. No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might （2011湖南卷,28【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。18. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will （2011辽宁卷,21【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。19. It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt （2011江西卷23【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustnt 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。20. We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put （2011江西卷28【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选B。21. Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong willed manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been （2010安徽【答案】D【考点】本题考查情态动词推测用法。【解析】句意为 “杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人, 他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。22. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy （2010安徽【答案】A【考点】本题考查虚拟语气与时态。【解析】前句表示对过去的虚拟, 而but之后表示过去的客观事实, 故用一般过去时态。23. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to （2010湖南【答案】D【考点】本题考查情态动词。【解析】dont have to 意为 “没有必要”, 符合语境, 句意为：“你没有必要买礼物, 但如果你想买的话, 你也可以买。”24. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow （2010湖南【答案】C【考点】考查虚拟语气。【解析】根据 “wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。25. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will （2010江西【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？26. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt （2010山东【答案】A【考点】本题考査情态动词的用法.【解析】句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事用shouldnt have done,所以A项正确.27. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.couldnt （2010天津【答案】A【考点】考査情态动词【解析】句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了。28.John went to the hospital alone If he about it, I would have gone with him.should tell .tells C. told D. had told （2010天津【答案】D【考点】考查逸拟语气【解析】句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。29. I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need （2010四川【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词。【解析】表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为： “我可以将这本书带出去吗？” “恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确【答案】为B。30. Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether （2010全国【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词。【解析】句意：耐心一点儿, 你不能期望世界变化如此快。通过选项此题考查情态动词, cant在否定句中可以表示推测, 译为不可能,可以表示能力, 译为不能够, 也可以表示命令, 不允许, 但是语气比mustnt弱, 具有劝慰的意思, 根据句意此题中选择A, cant表示劝慰。31.I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may （2010全国【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词。【解析】shall在第二人称中表示允诺, 还可以表示强制, 命令, 威胁, 警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。32. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused （2010江苏【答案】B【考点】本题考查虚拟语气。【解析】would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在时间相反, 用动词的过去式33. May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt （2010陕西【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词。【解析】英语中用could, might表示询问或征求意见的问句中, 肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might, 而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt, 故本题选D。34. If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken （2010陕西【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气。【解析】所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语, 根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反, 故所填部分用had+过去分词形式, 选B。35. Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt （2010全国【答案】A【考点】情态动词考查。【解析】结合语境, 根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时, 要用cant。36. Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)【答案】cant/ couldnt have done it （2010湖北【考点】情态动词【解析】当要对过去进行肯定的推测时, 要用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的结构37. Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)【答案】(should) be discussed （2010湖北【考点】本题考查虚拟语气。【解析】insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是“should”(可省略) 加动词原形，主语 “problem”是要“被讨论”。38. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it be regular exerciseA. can B.will C.must D. may （2010辽宁【答案】C 【考点】考査情态动词 【解析】句意：医生说锻炼对身阼重要：但是必须是有规律的锻炼.Cm 般表示可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“许可，可能”；must表示“必须”.39. -Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-Ah,good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. can （2010北京【答案】B 【考点】本题考査情态动词在语境中的运用。【解析】第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，“那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了因此.排除A C D 。40. -The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died （2010北京【答案】D【考点】本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。【解析】第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确【答案】的关键。要是当时下雨了, 现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨, 所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldnt have died. If+ had done, 主句为couldnt/ shouldnt/ wouldnt have done.41. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been savedBhad been saved Cwill be savedDwas saved （2010浙江【答案】A【考点】本题考查虚拟语气。【解析】根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气, 原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序, 就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。42. “You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would （2010浙江【答案】C【考点】本题考查情态动词。【解析】肯定的猜测, 用must43. -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt （2010上海【答案】C【考点】本题考查的是虚拟语气【解析】此处表示和过去事实相反的情况, 应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做, 而未做44. You park here! Its an emergency exit. A. wouldntB. needntC. couldntD. mustnt （2010重庆【答案】D【考点】本题考查情态动词。【解析】由后面的 “这是一个紧急出口”可知, 这儿是禁止某人停车, 所以用mustnt表示禁止某人做某事。符合语境。45. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would （2009安徽【答案】B【考点】本题考查情态动词的用法。【解析】有些人不喜欢讲话are not necessarily shy, 他们可能是安静的人, 表示 “可能”之意。46. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can （2009北京【答案】D【考点】本题考查情态动词的用法。【解析】关于英语的话题中, 你绝对有把握谈论的极少几个话题之一, 就是很多时候都在谈论天气。47. Its the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need （2009湖南【答案】A【考点】本题考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must表示 “绝不”的意思。48. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall （2009海南【答案】A 【考点】本题考查情态动词的用法。【解析】你这是什么意思, 只有十张票吗?应该有十二人。should表示 “应该, 应当”。49. It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should （2009上海【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词表推测。【解析】通过意思我们知道是表示可能的推测, 而且是过去的可能, 表达的是一定是.比较肯定的推测, 所以我们用must have done 的形式。50. I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might （2009四川【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】答话的人提了一个建