2025年小升初英语知识点总结归纳.doc

小學英語知识點汇总
  壹、名詞复数规则
1.壹般状况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”結尾，变y為i, 再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾，变f或fe為v, 再加-es，如:knife-knives
5.不规则名詞复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各詞的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______
child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________
book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______
strawberry _____peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______
man______ woman_______

二、壹般目前時
1.壹般目前時表达常常或习惯性的動作，也可表达目前的状态或主語具有的性格和能力。
2.壹般目前時中，没有be動詞和情态動詞，主語為第三人称單数的肯定句，動詞要按规则加上s，主語是非第三人称單数的肯定句，動詞用原形。
3.在壹般目前時中，句中有be動詞或情态動詞時，否认句在be動詞和情态動詞後加not，壹般疑問句将be動詞或情态動詞放在句首。
 4.在壹般目前時中，句中没有be動詞或情态動詞時，主語為第三人称單数的否认句在動詞前加does+not (doesn’t)，壹般疑問句在句首加does，句子中原有動詞用原形;主語為非第三人称單数，否认句用do+not (don’t)，壹般疑問句在句首加do，句子中動詞用原形。
動詞+s的变化规则
1.壹般状况下，直接加-s， 如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，
如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”結尾，变y為i, 再加-es， 如:study-studies

壹般目前時基本使用方法简介
【No. 1】壹般目前時的功能
1.表达事物或人物的特性、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。
2.表达常常性或习惯性的動作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。
3.表达客观現实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕著太阳转。
壹般目前時的构成
1. be動詞:主語 be(am,is,are) 其他。如:I am a boy.我是壹种男孩。
2.行為動詞:主語 行為動詞( 其他)。如:We study English.我們學习英語。
當主語為第三人称單数(he, she,it)時，要在動詞後加"-s"或"-es"。
如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉語。
【No. 2】壹般目前時的变化
1. be動詞的变化。
否认句:主語 be not 其他。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
壹般疑問句:Be 主語 其他。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞 壹般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行為動詞的变化。
否认句:主語 don't( doesn't ) 動詞原形( 其他)。如:I don't like bread.
當主語為第三人称單数時，要用doesn't构成否认句。如:He doesn't often play.
壹般疑問句:Do( Does ) 主語 動詞原形 其他。如:
- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
當主語為第三人称單数時，要用does构成壹般疑問句。如:
- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
動詞 s的变化规则
1.壹般状况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，
如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母 y”結尾，变y為i, 再加-es，如:study-studies
用括号内動詞的合适形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday

三、目前進行時
1.目前進行時表达目前正在進行或发生的動作，也可表达目前壹段時间内的活動或現阶段正在進行的動作。
2.目前進行時的肯定句基本构造為be+動詞ing.
3.目前進行時的否认句在be後加not。
4.目前進行時的壹般疑問句把be動詞调到句首。
5.目前進行時的特殊疑問的基本构造為: 疑問詞+ be+主語+ 動詞ing?
動詞加ing的变化规则
1.壹般状况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e結尾，去e加ing，如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.假如末尾是壹种元音字母和壹种辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如:run-running, stop-stopping
写出下列動詞的目前分詞:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所給的動詞的對的形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

四、未来時理论及练习
壹、概念:表达将要发生的動作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。
句中壹般有如下時间状語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(後天)等。
二、基本构造:①be going to do;②will do.
三、否认句:在be動詞(am, is, are)l後加not或情态動詞will後加not成won’t。
例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、同义句:be going to = will
1.be going to 表达将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。
2.肯定句:be going to +動詞原形，
如:Jim is going to play football. 
否认句:be not going to +動詞原形，如:Jim is not going to play football. 
壹般疑問句:把be動詞调到句首，如:Is Jim going to play football? 
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+be+主語+going to+動詞原形?如:What is Jim going to do? 
疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+be+going to+動詞原形?
如:Who is going to play football?
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习:填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.我們将要學习英語
We _____ _______ _________ learn English.
We ________ learn English.

五、壹般過去時
1.壹般過去時表达過去某個時间发生的動作或存在的状态，常和表达過去的時间状語连用。壹般過去時也表达過去常常或反复发生的動作感謝。
2.Be動詞在壹般過去時中的变化:
⑴am 和is在壹般過去時中变為was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在壹般過去時中变為were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否认、疑問的变化和is, am, are同样，即否认句在was或were後加not，壹般疑問句把was或were调到句首。
3.句中没有be動詞的壹般過去時的句子
否认句:didn’t +動詞原形，如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 
壹般疑問句:在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式变回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句:
⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday?
 ⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?
動詞過去式变化规则:
1.壹般在動詞末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結尾是e加d，如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有壹种元音字母和壹种辅音字母的重讀闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，（辅+元+辅）如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”結尾的，变y為i，再加-ed，如:study-studied
5.不规则動詞過去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

過去時练习
写出下列動詞的過去式
is\am_________ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ put ______
kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be動詞的過去時练习(1)
Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
用be動詞的合适形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
用be動詞的合适形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
行為動詞的過去時练习(2)
用be動詞的合适形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

(二)小升初英語詞类:
動詞、名詞和形容詞不太轻易辨别，如不能壹眼看出，可用如下措施:
先用“壹(量詞)”(如:壹种、壹张等)和這個詞连起来說，如說得通，壹般认為是名詞;說不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和為個詞连起来說，說得通壹般就是形容詞;都說不通就是動詞。(目前我們學過的，後来也許不壹样)(此外某些很明显的，如人称代詞、数詞、情态動詞等壹下就可以懂得)
1、動詞
這裏所說的動詞是指多种動詞总称，其中包括行為動詞(就是我們平時总說的那种動詞)、be動詞、情态動詞。
(1)行為動詞
就是我們平時上課時說的動詞，表达某壹動作或行為。如:sweep、live等。
行為動詞我們已學過它們的四种形式:
原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，详细判断措施如下:
↗有，就加ing
讀句子→讀该單詞→认识该單詞→理解意思→看有無be動詞
(若是be going to 就用原形)
↘没有，再看情态動詞
↗有，就用原形
↗有，就加ed
↘没有，再看有無表达過去的時间状語
↗是第三人称單数就加s或es
↘没有，再看主語
↘不是第三人称單数就用原形
(2)be動詞
a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用他她它，所有复数全用are。
b、肯定和否认句
 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher.
She is(not) in the dining room.
My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
c、壹般疑問句
 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
我們目前學過的be動詞大体分两类:is、am、are為壹类，
壹般用于壹般目前時、目前進行時和壹般未来時中，was和were為另壹类，壹般用于壹般過去時。
判断环节:
↗第壹、三人称單数，就用was
↗有，再看人称
↘第二人称單数和所有复数，就用were
看有無表达過去的時间状語
↗第壹人称單数，就用am
↘没有，再看人称→第三人称單数，就有is
↘第二人称單数和所有复数，就用are
用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
(3)情态動詞
情态動詞也是壹类特殊的動詞，平時我們不把它說成是動詞。情态動詞可以和行為動詞同步出目前同壹种句子中。
我們目前學過的情态動詞有:can、must、should、would、may。接触最多的是can。
情态動詞後動詞总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响)
2、名詞
表达某壹事物，有详细的和抽象的之分。判断的关键詞往往是be動詞，be動詞假如是am、is或was，名詞就用原形;be動詞假如是are或were，名詞就加s或es。
這裏强调两點:不可数名詞都默认為單数，因此总是用is或者was;最佳不要根据some、any、a lot of等詞去作判断，以免受误导。
怎样加後缀:
a.壹般状况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
b.以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
c.以“辅音字母+y”結尾，变y為i, 再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries 
d.以“f或fe”結尾，变f或fe為v, 再加-es，如:knife-knives
e.不规则名詞复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
判断环节:
↗如是am、is或was→原形 讀句子→讀该單詞→认识该單詞→理解意思→看be動詞
↘如是are或were→加s或es
3、形容詞(包括副詞)
形容詞表达某壹事物或的特性，副詞表达某壹動作的特性。 
形容詞和副詞只有两种形式:原形和+er。
未作比较的状况下就用原形，比较時就+er。
两個重要特性:as……as中间壹定用原形，有than的時候壹定+er。
4、人称代詞和物主代詞 
主格
you
I
he
she
it
we
they
宾格

形容詞性物主代詞

名詞性物主代詞

第壹人称 I me we us my mine our ours
第二人称 you you you you your yours your yours
第三人称 he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its
人称代詞:有主格和宾格之分。壹般動詞前用主格，動詞後用宾格。
物主代詞:有两类:形容詞性物主代詞(短的)和名詞性物主代詞(長的)
壹般看背面有無名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞(短的);如無，就用名詞性物主代詞(長的)。
用所給詞的合适形式填空
1. That is not ______ kite. That kite is very small, but ______ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. ____ is my brother. ______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ________. ( he )
5、数量詞
我們學過两类:基数詞和序数詞。基数用于表达数量多少，而基数詞用于表达次序，常在曰期中出現。
6、冠詞
有a、an、the。a和an有详细的意思，壹(個…)，the没有详细意思，有時翻译為這、那。确定用a、an還是the時可根据汉語意思。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(壹般就是元音字母aeiou)前，a用于辅音音素前。