华师-专业英语-必备词汇表.doc

1. nucleophilic center 亲核中心
2. nucleophiles 亲核试剂
3. electrophilic center 亲电中心
4. electrophiles 亲电试剂
5. Organometallic compounds 有机金属化合物
6. Carbonyl 羰基
7. Molecule 分子
8. Ion 离子
9. cation 阳离子
10. Anion 阴离子
11. Acyclic Alkane 无环烷烃
12. Numerical prefixes 数值前缀
1 Mono
11 Undeca
21 Henicosa
53 Tripentaconta
2 Di
12 Dodeca
22 Docosa
54 Tetrapentaconta
3 Tri
13 Trideca
23 Tricosa
55 Pentapentaconta
4 Tetra
14 Tetradeca
30 Triaconta
56 Hexapentaconta
5 Penta
15 Pentadeca
31 Hentriaconta
57 Heptapentaconta
6 Hexa
16 Hexadeca
35 Pentatriaconta
60 Hexaconta
7 Hepta
17 Heptadeca
40 Tetraconta
70 Heptaconta
8 Octa
18 Octadeca
48 Octatetraconta
80 Octaconta
9 Nona
19 Nonadeca
50 Pentaconta
90 Nonaconta

Methane 甲烷
Ethane 乙烷
Propane 丙烷
Butane 丁烷
Pentane 戊烷
Hexane 己烷

13. Cycloalkane 环烷烃
14. Alkene 烯烃
15. Alkyne 炔烃
16. Alkyl halides 卤代烃
17. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine
18. “fluoro,” “chloro,” “bromo,” “iodo”
19. Haloalkanes 卤代烃
20. Ethers 醚
21. tetrahydrofuran (THF) 四氢呋喃
22. Alcohols 酒精
23. Aldehyde 醛
24. Ketones 酮
25. carboxyl group (-COOH) 羧基
26. carboxylic acids 羧酸
27.
28. dicarboxylic acid 二羧酸
29. amino acid 氨基酸
30. Anhydride 酐
31. Amides 酰胺
32. Nitriles腈类
33. heterocyclic molecule 杂环分子
34. pyridine’, ‘pyrrole’, ‘thiophene
35. Aromatic hydrocarbons 芳烃
36. ortho (o), meta (m), and para (p).
37. electrondeficient atom
38. Reactive intermediates 活性中间体
39. free radicals 自由基
40. Carbenes 卡宾
41. sp-hybridized 杂交
42. sp2-hybridized
43. sp3-hybridized
44. addition 加成
45. elimination 消除
46. substitution 取代
47. condensation 缩合
48. rearrangement, 重排
49. isomerization 异构化
50. oxidation-reduction 氧化还原
51. Stereochemistry 立体
52. Isomer 同分异构体
53. constitutional, configurational, conformational isomer 构成
54. enantiomer 对映体
54stereoisomers, diastereomers and enantiomers立体异构体，非对映异构体和对映体
55.
56. clockwise 顺时针方向
57. counterclockwise 逆时针方向
58. Cycloalkanes 环烷烃
59. Qualitative analysis 定性分析
60. quantitative analysis 定量分析
61. precipitation, extraction, and distillation 沉淀 萃取 和蒸馏
62. color, odor, or melting point 颜色 气味 熔点
63. light absorption, fluorescence, or conductivity 吸光性 荧光性 导电性
64. chromatography or electrophoresis 色谱和电泳
65. Calibration 校准
66. Primary Standard Grade 初级标准级
67. Analytical Reagent (A.R.) Grade 分析试剂级
68. Guaranteed Reagent (G.R.) Grade 保证试剂级
69. Organic reagents (O.R.) Grade 有机试剂级
70. Chemically Pure (C.P.) Grade 化学纯级
71. Technical Grade 工业级
72. accuracy and precision 精确度和精密度
73. percent relative error 相对误差
74. standard deviation 标准差
75. absolute standard deviation 绝对标准偏差
76. relative standard deviation 相 对标准偏差
77. percent relative standard deviation 百分含量的相对标准偏差
78. Gravimetry method 重量测量法
79. Volatilization method 挥发法
80. Titrimetric method 滴定法
81. tandard solution (or a standard titrant) 标准滴定溶液
82. equivalence point 等价点
83. back titration返滴定法
84. Indicators 指标
85. titration curve 滴定曲线
86. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定
87. complexometric titration 络合滴定
88. redox titration 氧化还原滴定
89. precipitation titration 沉淀滴定
90. potentiometric methods, or potentiometry 电位分析法
91. potentiometer 电位计
92. Coulometric method 库仑法
93. Voltammetry 伏安法
94. Voltammogram
95. Polarography 级谱法
96. hydrodynamic voltammetry 流体动力学伏安法
97. Amperometry 安培
98. Stripping voltammetry 溶出伏安法
99. Cyclic voltammetry 循环伏安法
100. Conductometry 电导
101. Dielectrometry
102. Spectroscopy 光谱
103. ultraviolet (UV), visible, infrared (IR), microwave, and radio frequency 紫外线 可见光 微波 无线电频率
104. Infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱
105. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱
106. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) 原子吸收光谱法（AAS）
107. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 核磁共振（ NMR ）
108. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy核磁共振波谱
109. nuclear shielding核屏蔽
110. chemical shift化学位移
111. Mass spectrometry (MS) 质谱（MS
112. Chromatography色谱法
113. Gas-Liquid chromatography (GLC) 气液色谱（GLC）
114. Liquid chromatography (LC) 液相色谱（LC）
115. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 高性能液体色谱法（HPLC
116. Ion exchange chromatography离子交换色谱法
117. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 尺寸排阻色谱法（SEC ），凝胶渗透色谱法（GPC ）
118. Electrophoresis电泳
119. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 扫描电子显微镜（SEM ）
120. transmission electron microscopy (TEM)Electrophoresis透射型电子显微镜（TEM）的电泳
121. scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), 扫描隧道显微镜（STM ）
122. atomic force microscopy (AFM) 原子力显微镜（AFM ）
123. Thermogravimetry (TG) 热重分析（TG）
124. Raman spectroscopy (RS) 拉曼光谱（RS）的
125. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 动态力学分析（ DMA
126. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) 光电子能谱（ PES ）

127. absorption bottle
吸收瓶
128. adapter
适配器
129. addition funnel

130. addition funnel with pressure-equalization arm

131. air condenser
空气冷凝管
132. analytical balance
分析天平
133. automatic titrator
自动滴定仪
134. balance
天平
135. beaker
烧杯
136. beaker brush
烧杯刷
137. beaker tong

138. blast alcohol burner
爆炸酒精燃烧器
139. boiling flask
长颈烧瓶
140. boiling stone
沸石
141. bottle brush

142. Buchner funnel
布氏漏斗
143. Buchner funnel with fritted disc
布氏漏斗多孔盘
144. Bunsen burner

145. buret (burette)
滴定管
146. buret brush
滴定管刷
147. burette clamp
滴定管钳
148. burette stand
滴定管架
149. centrifuge
离心分离
150. centrifuge tube
离心管
151. centrifuge tube brush
离心管刷
152. circulating water bath
循环水浴
153. Claisen distilling head

154. clay triangle
泥三角
155. clip
夹
156. cold finger

157. condenser
聚光仪
158. condenser-Allihn type
冷凝器
159. condenser-west tube

160. conical flask
锥形瓶
161. cork
软木
162. crucible
坩
163. crucible cover
坩埚盖
164. crucible tong

165. crystallizing dish
结晶皿
166. culture bottle
培养瓶
167. cuvette

168. desiccator
干燥器
169. distilling adapter
蒸馏适配器
170. distilling apparatus
蒸馏装置
171. distilling flask
蒸馏烧瓶
172. distilling head
蒸馏头
173. distilling tube
蒸馏管
174. double-buret clamp
双滴定管钳
175. drop funnel

176. dropper
滴管
177. dropping funnel
滴液漏斗
178. dry rack

179. drying cabinet

180. drying tube
干燥管
181. dust mask
防尘口罩
182. Erlenmeyer flask
锥形烧瓶
183. evaporating dish (porcelain)
蒸发皿
184. extension clamp

185. eyewash equipment

186. filter flask (suction flask)
吸滤瓶
187. filtering funnel
过滤漏斗
188. fire blanket
灭火毯
189. first aid pyxides

190. flask
长颈瓶
191. Florence flask

192. forcep
镊子
193. fractionating column

194. fractionating flask
分馏烧瓶
195. fume hood
通风柜
196. funnel
漏斗
197. gas washing bottle
气体洗涤瓶
198. gauze
纱布
199. Geiser burette (stopcock)

200. glass cutter
玻璃切割机
201. glass-stoppered bottle
玻璃塞的瓶
202. globe-shaped funnel

203. Gooch filtering crucible

204. graduated cylinder
量筒
205. graduated flask

206. Graham condenser

207. ground-glass stoppered flask
磨玻璃塞烧瓶
208. hammer
锤
209. heat insulation gloves
隔热手套
210. heating mantle
加热套
211. Hirsch funnel

212. hot plate
热板
213. hygrothermometers

214. iron support
铁架台
215. lab jack

216. lab spoon
实验室勺
217. Liebig condenser
李比希冷凝器
218. long-stem funnel
长干漏斗
219. magnetic stir bar
磁力搅拌棒
220. magnetic stirrer
磁力搅拌器
221. measuring bottle
量筒
222. measuring cylinder
。量筒
223. microliter syringe
微量注射器
224. micrometer
千分尺
225. microscope
显微镜
226. microscope slide
显微镜幻灯片
227. microtiter plate
酶标板
228. mohr burette for use with pinchcock
弹簧夹莫尔使用滴定管
229. mohr measuring pipette
莫尔测量吸管
230. mortar

231. Muffle furnace
马弗炉
232. narrow-mouth flask
窄口烧瓶
233. narrow-necked bottle
小口瓶
234. oven
烤箱
235. paper label

236. pear shaped flask
梨形瓶
237. pear-shaped funnel
梨形漏斗
238. pestle
杵
239. Petri dish
培养皿
240. pH indicator paper
pH试纸
241. pinch clamp
掐钳
242. pipet (pipette)
移液管
243. pipet rack
移液管架
244. pipette stand
移液管站
245. plastic beaker
塑料烧杯
246. plastic squeeze bottle
塑料挤压瓶
247. platform balance
台秤
248. reagent bott