托福综合写作常用词语及句型.docx

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托福综合写作常用词语及句型

给在准备托福考试的同学分享一些干货托福综合写作常用词语及句型
　　1. 常用词语
　　提示逻辑顺序：First of all, First, to start with, Second, Also, Besides, Furthermore, Moreover, Another, in addition to, Finally, Lastly, Third
　　阅读文章指代：The reading passage, the writer, the author, writer of the reading, the reading material
　　听力材料指代：Professor, lecturer, speaker, instructor, presenter, lecture, speech, talk, the listening, the presentation
　　表转折类关系词语：However, but, yet, even so, despite that, even though, although, while, whereas
　　反驳类词语：contradicts, challenges, clashes with, conflicts with, denies, opposes, runs counter to, raises doubts about, throws … into doubt, in opposition to, in stark contrast to, in spite of, questions, cast doubt on, disagree with,
　　研究类词语：explore, analyzes, examines, deals with, is concerned with, is about, focuses on, concentrates on, investigates(深入研究)
　　讨论类词语：think，believes, argues, asserts, claims, contends, insists, states, indicates, discusses, raise the issue that,
　　支持类词语：Support, confirm, back up, strengthen, bolster, advocate, reinforce
　　观点类：Idea, view, opinion, viewpoint
　　话题类：Issue, subject, topic
　　证明：Proves, shows, confirms, verifies
　　对比：Contrary to, in opposition to, in stark contrast to, in spite of
　 2. 写作常用句型
　　开头段
　　1. The lecture revises the idea presented in the text that ______.
　　2. The professor actually contradicts the statement made in the passage. She is the view that ______.
　　3. The author of the reading passage proposes _____. The lecturer, however, points to the inaccuracies in _____. (Casting-Doubt)
　　4. The lecture and the reading passage give contradictory opinions on the topic of ________. The reading passage explains that ______ while the lecture provides several counterarguments to this view.
　　5. The reading passage raises several doubts about _____, whereas the professor defends _____. (Casting-Doubt)
　　6. The lecturer points out several problems with ______ in support of her claim that ________. (Casting-Doubt)
　　7. The lecturer rejects the ideas presented in the reading passage about ______. In her opinion, _______.
　　8. The lecturer and the reading passage hold completely different views toward ________, which is ________.
　　9. The professor explains three aspects of _______, each of which has successfully addressed the problems mentioned in the reading passage (concerning _____, ______ and _______). (Problem-Solution)
　　10. The reading passage argues that _________. However, the professor raises serious counterarguments against the reading by providing three aspects as listed below.
　　主体段
　　1. ____ dissolves as the professor explains that _______. (Problem-Solution)
　　2. ____ is also solved in the lecture. (Problem-Solution)
　　3. ____ is refuted by the fact that _____.
　　4. ____ contradicts the issue of _____. She says that _____.
　　5. The issue of ______ does not please the professor either. She says that ____.
　　6. The professor acknowledge/admit ____, but also points out that ____. (存在承认、让步)
　　7. The lecturer argues that _____. The reading, however, ______.
　　8. The first/second theory, that ________ is (also) rejected by the lecturer. He explains that _______.
　　9. Regarding the ______, the lecturer contends that _____. He argues that ______.
　　10. The lecturer challenges the first/second/final point in the reading regarding the _______. She says that ________.
　　11. According to the professor, ________. According to the reading, however, _______.
　　12. The reading argues that ________. The reading, however, holds that _______.
　　13. The professor rejects the claim in the reading that _______. She says that _______.
　　14. Although the reading suggests that _______, the professor argues that _________.
　　15. The lecturer does not agree with the first/second/final point made in the reading --- that ______. She contends that _______.
　　16. The lecturer states that ______. In contrast, the reading passage states that _______.
　　17. According to the speaker, ________. This point directly contradicts what the passage indicates.
　　18. The reading passage states that _______. The professor, however, states that _______.
　　19. The professor opposes the reading passage by pointing out _______. The professor counters the claim made by the reading passage.
　　20. The professor doubts _______. On the contrary to the reading passage, he/she points out that _______.
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来源于：时代焦点