中国社会保障体系China27s-Social-Security--R1-(课堂PPT).ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,CHINAS SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM,-Jiaping WANG;Qian LIU,1,Contents,Definition,History of Development,Methods and Principles of Establishment,Current Situation,How to improve,Conclusion,2,2025/3/9 周日,Methods and Principles of Establishment,whole systematic,entirety,systematic structure,levels and differences,maintain correlation with the macro policy,the entire system and market management,3,2025/3/9 周日,Chinese characteristics,1.Conform with Chinas national conditions and the developmental level of productive forces,2.Combination of efficiency and fairness,3.The integration of social pooling and personal account,4.Unified management,division of functions and separation of the government and institution,4,2025/3/9 周日,DEFINITION,Social security is an economic and social system relating to the vital interests of members of the entire society for safeguarding social stability,promoting economic development.,The social security system originated in the social salvage system designed to provide material compensation or aid to help citizens overcome difficulties in their livelihood and unexpected disaster.,5,2025/3/9 周日,Structure of Social Security,6,2025/3/9 周日,Construction of the Social Insurance,Pension,Medical insurance,Unemployment insurance,Maternity insurance,Occupational injury insurance,7,2025/3/9 周日,Contents,Definition,History of Development,Current Situation,How to improve,Conclusion,8,2025/3/9 周日,HISTORY of Development,Chinas social security system,founded during the war years on the basis of the supply system,has roughly gone through four stages.,The First Stage(1951-1966),In 1951,the state promulgated the Regulations(Draft)of the Peoples Republic of China Concerning Labor Insurance.,The Second Stage(1966-1976),During the 10 chaotic years,social insurance work suffered serious setbacks and destruction,management organs were dissolved.trade union organizations were compelled to suspend activities,social pooling from society for retirement expenses was cancelled,and social insurance was turned into enterprise insurance.,The Third Stage(1978-1992),The third stage ranged from the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee in 1978 to the 14th National Congress of the Party.In his Government Work Report to the First Session of the Seventh National Peoples Congress in 1988,Premier Li Peng pointed to the need of accelerating reform of the social security system,establishing and perfecting various social insurance systems and gradually forming a social security system with Chinese characteristics.,The Fourth Stage(1993-present),While proposal for the establishment of a socialist market economic system was put forward for the first time,deepening reform of the social security system was also clearly defined for the first time as one of the important links in the reform of the economic system.,9,2025/3/9 周日,Contents,Definition,History of Development,Current Situation,How to improve,Conclusion,10,2025/3/9 周日,CURRENT SITUATION-1,11,2025/3/9 周日,CURRENT SITUATION-2,12,2025/3/9 周日,CURRENT SITUATION-3,13,2025/3/9 周日,CURRENT SITUATION-4,14,2025/3/9 周日,Hierarchy System,Chinas,social security system is divided into four,levels:,The,first,level:officials,civil servants and public institutions who enjoy superior financial provision for pension,free medical care and even at public expense convalescence;,The second level,:,the general city employees,businesses and individuals paypart of the cost of insurance,personal accounts and social pooling;,T,he,third,level:,the residents of the city has no fixed work,purchase of commercial insurance;,The fourth grade:,the rural population to participate in the low-level rural old-age cooperative medical.,15,2025/3/9 周日,Allocation mechanism,Regardless of Politics and Law,government-owned,regardless of the conduct of public affairs,executive supervisor.,16,2025/3/9 周日,Issues Confronting the Social Security System,1.Fiscal Crisis of the Social Security Fund,2.Difficulty of Premium Collection,(1)Undeveloped Legal System,(2)Poor Business Condition of Companies,(3)Deficiencies in Social Security Administration,(4)Inefficient Premium Collection Method,3.Social Security Participation Rate,Participation Rate is Low Outside of State Enterprises,Special Groups not Covered by Social Security,17,2025/3/9 周日,Conclusion,Chinas social security system is now in the process of reform.Meanwhile,the aging of society is creating new pressures on society over the long term.,18,2025/3/9 周日,Solutions,The former social security system became a major obstacle to the ongoing reform of state-owned enterprises.Thus there was no choice but to reform the old system and establish a new one.,1.In pursuing the reform of state-owned enterprises following the reforms and market opening of 1978,state-owned enterprises sought to improve efficiency by restructuring and reducing excess employment.,2.For the successful reform of state-owned enterprises and maintenance of social stability,it was necessary to alleviate the anxieties of unemployed and laid-off persons by promoting re-employment and at the same time laying out the social security safety net of unemployment insurance,medical insurance,and pension insurance.,19,2025/3/9 周日,How to use social security fund,Through readjusting the proportion of burdens on enterprises and the flexible use of social security funds,it can promote the cooling down of an overheated economy and boost economic growth when the economy is sliding downhill.Accumulated social security funds are the important source of funds for national economic construction.A rational control on the use of funds is conducive to readjusting the industrial structure in accordance with the states industrial policy.,20,2025/3/9 周日,Scandals,Safety feeling of Citizens,21,2025/3/9 周日,Contents,Definition,History of Development,Current Situation,How to improve,Conclusion,22,2025/3/9 周日,How to improve,Who have authority to modify the principle of allocation/How to supervise the utilization of social security funds;,One sensible reform would be for the central government to take charge of the pension system.It could fill the empty accounts,glue the fragmented system together and ideally make pensions much more portable.In terms of structure,the long-term goal should be to give individuals greater control over their own accounts,choosing their investments as they do in Hong Kong(with appropriate safety nets and so on).The problem here is that China still lacks the mature and open financial systems of Hong Kong and Singapore:its helter-skelter stock market is hardly ideal for retirement savings at the moment.So change will have to be gradual.,23,2025/3/9 周日,Percentage of GDP,24,2025/3/9 周日,Percentage of GDP-about USA,25,2025/3/9 周日,One step forward would be for the government to hand over some of its foreign assets to the National Social Security Fund.That would fill the accounts and diversify household portfolios,without asking too much of Chinas own immature financial markets.Another option is to turn the empty accounts into so-called“notional”accounts,as pioneered by Sweden.Under this system,individual contributions determine benefits,according to a transparent formula that reflects the retirees life expectancy and the economys ability to pay.The benefits are still paid out from a mix of current taxes and a central pension fund.But as the financial system matures,the pension system should steadily shed its Chinese characteristics in favour of capitalist ones,as in the Hong Kong model.,26,2025/3/9 周日,The responsibilities of government;,Chinas social security system is now in the process of reform.Meanwhile,the aging of society is creating new pressures on society over the long term.,Citizens right to know;,Personal pension account,27,2025/3/9 周日,Contents,Definition,History of Development,Current Situation,How to improve,Conclusion,28,2025/3/9 周日,Conclusion,Objectives&Expectation,Social Security System of Singapore&Hong Kong,Tools&Methods,Reform the hierarchy system,Increase the expenses and percentage of GDP,Responsibility&patience,Why government can modify the retire age,29,2025/3/9 周日,References,China Finance Statistics Yearbook-2009,China Statistics Yearbook-2009,Wikipedia,30,2025/3/9 周日,Q&A,31,2025/3/9 周日,