资源描述
SOSTAC PLANNING SYSTEM / 运用SOSOTAC系统
撰写策略性营销传播策划方案
Stage
/步骤
Section of plan
/策划阶段
Which answers…
/所解决的问题
S
Situation/现状
Where are we now?/我们现在在哪里?
O
Objectives/目标
Where do we want to be?/我们准备去哪里?
S
Strategy/策略
How do we get there—broad steps?/我们如何到达那里-主要的步骤是哪些?
T
Tactics/战术
How do we get there—individual steps?/我们如何达到那里-每一个详细步骤是哪些?
A
Action/行动
What are the specific actions required for each individual tactical step?How do we get people to do them?/每一个详细的战术步骤需要采取哪些具体行动?如何安排人力资源去完成任务?
C
Control/控制
How do we know we have arrived?/我们如何知道是否已经到达目标?
SOSTAC Stage 1: Situation Analysis (Internal) 1.1 performance, Competencies And Policies
SOSTAC步骤1: 现状分析(内部)1.1 业绩,竞争能力和竞争方针
Key Result Area
关键参数
Specific area
具体参数
Past/present performance
过去/现在的业绩参数
Strength
优势
Weakness
弱势
Trend
improving or …
趋势,改善或...
Performance
业绩
Profits / 利润
Sales / 销售额
Market’s share/ 市场份额
Market segments/市场细化
Positioning/ 市场定位
Product portfolio/产品组成
Return/trend 利润率/趋势
Turnover trend 营业额趋势
Leader/follower 市场领导/跟随者
Market spread 市场覆盖率
N0.1 or No.10? 第一或第十位
Single or spread 单一或系列产品
Competencies
竞争能力
Marketing 市场营销
Production 生产
Financial 资金
Technology 技术
Human resource 人力资源
Management 管理
Particularly good or bad? 很差或好?
Operating efficiency 生产效率
Profitability 利润率
Leading edge or follower?领先或跟随?
Skill base management? 技能管理?
Policy
竞争方针
Risk seeker/averse
冒险/回避冒险
Discontinuous/continuous 间断/连续innovations/extensions 创新/扩张
SOSTAC Stage (contd.) 1: Situation Analysis (Internal) 1.2 Marketing Mix and Service mix
SOSTAC步骤1(续): 现状分析(内部)1.2 市场营销组合和服务组合
Key Result Area
关键参数
Specific area
具体参数
Past/present performance
过去/现在的业绩参数
Strength
优势
Weakness
弱势
Trend
improving or …
趋势,改善或...
Marketing Mix
营销组合
Product 产品
Price 价格
Place 通路
Promotion 促销
Quality 产品质量
Product portfolio 产品组成
Costs 成本
Prices 价格
Distribution penetration 分销网络建设
Integrated Communication audit
整合传播审核
Mix … 促销组成
Positioning 促销定位
Service Mix
服务组合
People 人员
Processes 流程
Physicals 标识系统
Skill base and motivation 技能和干劲
Staff turnover 人均营业额
Front counter and back 全程服务流程
Office processes
Physical evidence 标识物
(buildings/uniforms) (建筑/制服)
SOSTAC Stage (contd.) 1: Situation Analysis (Internal) 1.3 Customer Mix
SOSTAC步骤1(续): 现状分析(内部)1.3 客户组合
Customers
客户分类
Segments
市场区隔
Size of segment
区隔规模
Potential
目标市场潜力
Profitability (high, medium or low)
利润率(高、中、低)
Distribution channels (accessible through…?)
铺货渠道(通过何种渠道到达市场终端?)
Media (trough which target market can be reached)
媒体运用(通过何种媒体传播到目标市场受众)
Rank (each market’s attractive-ness in terms of profitability)
排序(按照各目标市场的利润率排序)
Target market 1
目标市场1
Define/specify the target market:
定义/确认
目标市场
Target market 2
目标市场2
Define/specify the target market:
定义/确认
目标市场
Target market 3
目标市场
Define/specify the target market:
定义/确认
目标市场
SOSTAC Stage (contd.) 1: Situation Analysis (Internal) 1.4 Customer Retention
SOSTAC步骤1: 现状分析(内部)1.4 客户维护
Target market
目标市场
Profile
工作内容
Customer satisfaction
Trend
Current score compared to:
a. previous year’s
b. industry average
c. industry best
d. any other industry best
客户的满意来自
趋势
当前客户满意程度与。。比较:
a. 去年
b. 同行业平均水平
c. 同行业最好水平
d. 各行业最好水平
Loyalty levels
Trend
Current score Compared to:
a. previous year’s
b. industry average
c. industry best
d. any other industry best
客户的忠诚度
趋势
当前客户满忠诚度与。。比较:
a. 去年
b. 同行业平均水平
c. 同行业最好水平
d. 各行业最好水平
Intention to
repurchase
Trend
Current score compared to:
a. previous year’s
b. industry average
c. industry best
d. any other industry best
客户的重复购买率
趋势
当前客户重复购买度与。。比较:
a. 去年
b. 同行业平均水平
c. 同行业最好水平
d. 各行业最好水平
Pareto principle
Trend
Becoming more dependent on few customers ( eggs in one basket/pareto principle)
20/80原理
趋势
变得愈加依赖少数客户(把所有鸡蛋放在一个篮子里,20/80原理)
Target market 1
目标市场1
Define/ specify the target market:
定义/确认目标市场
Target market 2
目标市场2
Define/ specify the target market:
定义/确认目标市场
Target market3 目标市场3
Define/ specify the target market:
定义/确认目标市场
SOSTAC Stage (contd.) 1: Situation Analysis (Internal) 1.5 Customer DMUs and Opinion Formers
SOSTAC步骤1: 现状分析(内部)1.5 客户决策者和提议者
Target market
目标市场
Segments
市场细化
DMU(Decision Making Unit)
Who are the key players in the decision making unit?
决策者
谁是决策层中的关键人物?
Access to DMU
Define how to reach the DMU
接触决策者(DMU)
确定如何与决策者接触
Opinion Formers (OF)
Define OF for reach target
提议者(OF)
确定各市场的提议者
Access to OF
Define how to reach the OF in each target market
Target market 1
目标市场1
Define/ specify the target market:
定义/确认目标市场
Target market 2
目标市场2
Define/ specify the target market:
定义/确认目标市场
Target market3 目标市场3
Define/ specify the target market:
定义/确认目标市场
SOSTAC Stage (contd.) 1: Situation Analysis (External) 1.6 External Analysis of Uncontrollable Variables
SOSTAC步骤1: 现状分析(外部)1.6 市场不可控制因素的外部分析
Key Result Area
项目
Specific area
特定区域
Future uncontrolled
不可控制的未来因素
Impact-opportunity
机会的影响
Impact-threat
威胁的影响
Step 1
Near or
competitive
environment
步骤1
近期或微观竞争环境
Structure/market
结构/市场
Trends in market
市场的趋势
Economics (micro)
经济(微观方面)
Power forces
外来力量
SOSTAC Stage 1 (contd.): Situation Analysis (Internal) 1.7 External Analysis of Uncontrollable Variables
SOSTAC步骤1 (续): 现状分析(外部)1.7 市场不可控制因素的外部分析
Key Result Area
项目
Specific area
特定区域
Future uncontrolled
不可控制的未来因素
Impact-opportunity
机会的影响
Impact-threat
威胁的影响
Step 2
Far or wide
environment
步骤2
远期或宏观竞争环境
Sociological
社会因素
Technological
技术因素
Economics (macro)
经济因素(宏观)
Political
政治因素
SOSTAC Stage 2: Objectives 2.1 Marketing and Developing Marketing Communications Objectives
SOSTAC步骤2: 目标 2.1 营销和确定营销传播目标
Hierarchy of objective
目标金字塔组成
Involves
包括内容
Specific items found in each type of objectives (complete this section)
每一层目标包括的具体项目(完成本部分)
Business
业务
Over all vision and direction
理念和发展方向
Corporate positioning, leadership and vales (including ethics…)
公司定位,领先地位和价值观(包括职业道德。。。。)
Business objectives
业务目标
All departments within the organization
组织内所有部门
Survival; growth; ROL; acquisitions…
生存,成长,收购。。。
Marketing objectives eg Ansoff
营销目标
如:Ansoff矩阵分析
Market penetration
市场渗透
Grow sales; market; share; distribution penetration…
增加销售;市场份额;铺货渠道的渗透发展
Market development
市场发展
Enter new markets; new market segments…
进入新市场;进入新市场的新区隔。。。
Product development
产品发展
Develop and launch new products; expand range…
开发或推出新产品;扩大产品线
Diversification
多元化
Move into new product / services and markets…
生产新产品或提供新服务,开发新市场。。。
Marketing communications objectives eg AIDA
营销传播目标
如,AIDA
Attention 注意
Increase awareness... 增加知名度。。。
Interest 兴趣
Liking, attitudes, preference… 喜欢,态度,偏爱。。。
Desire 渴望
Intentions to purchase, likelihood to … 有意购买,可能购买。。。
Action 购买
Repurchase, enquiries, trial purchase… 重复购买,询问,试买
SOSTAC Stage 2: Objectives 2.2 Quantifying Objectives
SOSTAC步骤2: 目标 2.2 量化目标
To
为了
Specific aspect
确定的行动
Target market
目标市场
From
从
To
到
When
何时
Eg to increase awareness among ABC1 women from 20% to 30% within 12 months
Eg to increase sales among ABC1 women from 15m to 16.5m within 12 months
比如,在ABC1妇女中的认知度,在12月内从20%提高到30%
比如,在ABC1妇女中的销售额,在12月内从1500万增加到1650万
Objectives should have numbers and details
制定目标应该有数字和具体细节
Objectives should be SMART
制定目标应该遵循SMART原则
Specific
特定
Measurable
可测
Achievable
可达
Relevant
相关
Timed
定时
SOSTAC Stage 3: Strategy (How to get there ) 3.1 Strategic Options
SOSTAC步骤3: 策略 (如何到达那里) 3.1 可供选择的各种策略方案
Strategic option number
供选择的各种策略方案编号
Generate alternative strategies
Taking the objectives specified on previous page, now determine how you are going to achieve them. Write a strategy which basically summaries ‘how you are going to get there’. Then develop at least three optional strategies. Write down and compare three different strategies or strategic options. Then rank them on the next page.
编写各种策略:
参照前页所述之目标,决定你如何达到目标。围绕“你如何到达那里”,总结、编写策略。然后,至少编写三种可供选择的策略方案。编写、并比较三种不同的策略或策略性方案,然后在下一页排序列出。
1
2
3
NB Remember strategy must fulfil a specific objective.
When the strategic options have generated, use the checklist on the next page to rank them and choose..
注释:记住策略必须完成一个特定的目标。
当完成策略性方案后,使用下一页的检核表,把各种方案逐一列出并作出选择。
SOSTAC Stage 3: Strategy 3.2 Choosing the Best Strategy Using a Strategic Dimensions Checklist
SOSTAC步骤3: 策略 3.2 运用策略综合评估检核表选择最佳策略方案
A Checklist To Help The Development Of Marketing Communications Strategies.
Tick which dimensions are covered by each strategy. This should help you to choose which strategy is the best one.
下面是辅助编写市场营销传播策略的检核表。检查每一策略是否涉及下述所列的内容并打钩,可帮助您选择最佳策略性方案
Strategic
Option
number
策略序号
Segmentation
(Does the
strategy
break up the
market)
区隔化
(该策略是否把市场细化?)
Targeting
(Does it select
specific targets including stakeholders and
DMUS?)
目标市场确定
(是否选择诸如持股人和决策人在内的特定目标?)
Objectives
(Will the strategy
succeed, it will it fulfil the objectives? will it beat
Competition?)
目标
(策略能否成功,并实现目标?赢得竞争?)
Postitioning
(Is there
a clear
Positioning?)
定位
(定位是否清晰?)
Exploit sustainable competitive advantage?
(cost leader/ differentiate focus/niche)
是否存在持续性的竞争优势?
(成本优势/差异化卖点/特殊地位?)
Buying Process
(Does it cater for the buying stages (high involve/low involve)…multi-stage strategy?)
购买行为过程特征
(是否考虑购买步骤(深度介入/低度介入)…多步引导骤策略?)
Tools
(Range of
communications tools to be used)
采用的工具
(打算采用的各类传播工具种类和范围)
Sequence
(And timing of
tools to be
used?)
时间计划
(打算采用的各类工具的实施时间表?)
Integration
Are all the communications tools integrated?
整合
是否整合所有的传播工具?
Global or local?
全球或地方性?
Rank/ score?
排名/得分?
1
2
3
SOSTAC Stage 4: Tactics (The Details of Strategy) 4.1 Developing Tactics
SOSTAC步骤4: 战术( 实现策略的具体步骤) 4.1 制定战术
Strategy
Does the tactic
fit with the over
all strategy?
策略
战术是否适应整体策略?
Target market
Define target markets, DMUS, stakeholders
目标市场
确定目标市场,决策人,持股人。
Method
Communications
tools (eg adverts,
sales promotion,
exhibitions and
salesforce,
internet …)
方法
各类传播工具的运用(比如:广告,促销和个人销售。。。网上销售)
Media
For each tool,
Eg adverts-TV,
press and sales
promotion-coupons ,
competions
媒体运用
充分运用每一种媒体,
比如,电视广告,平面广告,有奖促销,竞争
Message
What is the message?
销售信息
准备传递何种信息给受众?
Timing
Any particular sequence of
methods and media?
时间进度统筹
运用的方法和媒体有无统筹考虑时间顺序计划?
SOSTAC Stage 4: Tactics (The Details of Strategy) 4.2 Gantt Charts-What Tactics Will Happen When
SOSTAC步骤4: 战术(策略的具体细节) 4.2 甘特图-完成策略细节进度表
Communications Tool
传播工具运用内容
Jan
一月
Feb
二月
Mar
三月
Apr
四月
May
五月
Jun
六月
Jul
七月
Aug
八月
Sep
九月
Oct
十月
Nov
十一月
Dec
十二月
Cost
成本
Market research市场研究
Packaging redesign包装设计
POS preparation售点建设
Advertising广告
TV电视
Press 报纸/平面
Poster海报
Cinema照片
Radio广播
Sales promotion促销活动
Press launch新闻发布
Direct mail直邮销售
Sales conference销售会议
Sales drive销售奖励
Exhibitions展览会
Website网上销售
Total spend总费用
SOSTAC Stage 5 : Action (The Implementation Details of Tactics) 5.1 Action Plan-Gantt Gharts
SOSTAC步骤5: 战术(具体战术细节的执行) 5.1 甘特图-行动计划执行进度表
Each tactical communications tool needs to be planned as a mini project, eg direct mail campaign,每一次战术性传播工具的运用应该把她作为一个小型项目来对待,比如直邮销售运动。
Stage of production
制作流程内容
Who responsible?
谁负责?
Wk
1
周一
Wk
2
周二
Wk
3
周三
Wk
4
周四
Wk
5
周五
Wk
6
周六
Wk
7
周七
Wk
8
周八
Wk
9
周九
Wk
10
周十
Wk
11
周十一
Wk
12
周十二
Cost
成本
Creative and media briefing
创意和媒介简报
Database list Preparation
数据准备处理
Laser printing激光打印
Print production
(brochure, envelopes)
印刷生产(如,宣传手册)
Lettershop(collating, folding, packing)
直邮信函印刷(装订,折叠,包装)
Mailing 邮寄
Response monitoring
收集反馈意见
Response action 工作改进
Follow-up sales call
跟踪拜访
Evaluate mailshot 效果评估
Total spend总费用
SOSTAC Stage 6: Control 6.1 Control Checklist
SOSTAC 步骤6:控制 6.1 控制检核表
Quantified objectives
State each Quantified
Objective and its time period
量化目标
阐述每一经量化的目标和其完成的时间期限
Means of measuring
How will it be measured: survey, sales?
衡量方式
如何衡量是否已实现目标,市场调研或销售额…?
Frequency of
measurement
Quarterly, weekly, daily?
衡量的频率
每季度,每周,每天?
Accountability-who does it?
谁负责做?
How much
does it cost to measure?
花费多少,完成前述衡量工作
Action
Who needs to be alerted if significant variances are found?
工作安排
若出现较大差错,谁负责纠正?
SOSTAC Stage 6: Control 6.2 The 7-Level Integration Checklist
SOSTAC 步骤6:控制 6.2 七层整合性控制检核表
Type of integration
整合类型
Check
控制检核
Yes/No
是/否
How do you ensure integration?
What action do you need to take?
如何确保整合性?
你准备采取何种措施?
1
Vertical integration
纵向整合性
Do the communications objectives fit with the marketing objectives and the over all corporate objective?
传播目标是否与营销目标和企业目标一致?
2
Horizontal/functional mix
横向/功能性组合
Do different departments and business functions incorporate marketing communications, eg trucks with logos? Finance invoices with messages? Etc.
各部门和业务职能是否与营销传播目标配合默契,比如,卡车是否印有企业标志?财务发票是否有视觉系统要求的信息?等等
3
Marketing mix
营销工具运用组合
Is the marketing mix consistent with required messages, eg low price versus top
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