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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,虚拟语气S,ubjunctive Mood,GRAMMER 语法,1/50,10/5/,陈说语气,I went to the theatre yesterday.,Jack hadnt come back home yet.,祈,使语气,Lets go.,Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,一.语气分类,2/50,虚拟语气,If I,were,you,I,would not leave,her alone.His teacher suggested that he,go,to the library this afternoon.,3/50,条件句,表示主句条件,分,真实条件句,和,虚拟条件句,两种。,a.,真实条件句,表示条件是,真或有可能实现,采取,陈说语气,。,b.,虚拟条件句,表示条件是,无法实现或几乎无法实现,采取,虚拟语气,。,4/50,10/5/,二.if 虚拟条件句概念,由,if,引导虚拟条件句叫作,if虚拟条件句,I,could have had,dinner with him,if he had been here yesterday,.,其它虚拟条件句,Without your help,I,couldnt have made,so much progress.,5/50,1.虚拟语气用于,条件状语,从句中,(1)表示与,现在事实相反,假设,条件,状语从句,中谓语动词用“,过去式(be 动词过去式用were),”,而,主句,中谓语动词,“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。,虚拟语气,If I,were,a boy,I,would,join the army.,6/50,If I,had,a lot of money,I,would,buy a villa.,7/50,If it,were,fine now,I,would,go shopping.,8/50,a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.,b.If the world war _(burst)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE 1:Fill in the blanks.,c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room,it _(be)very dangerous.,d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for teachers help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,9/50,2.与过去事实相反,从句谓语,用,had过去分词,组成If I(we,you,he,they)had过去分词形式；,主句谓语,用,should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might have 动词过去分词。,10/50,If he _ more carefully,he _ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,11/50,If I _ how to swim then,I _ trapped in that island.,had learnt,would not have been,12/50,a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he _(pass)it already.,b.If you _(get)up earlier,you _(catch)the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks,c.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,13/50,3.与未来事实相反,从句谓语,用If I(we,you,he,they),动词过去式或 were to do 或should do,形式,主句谓语,用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might 动词原形。,14/50,If he,got,up early tomorrow,he,would get there,on time.,15/50,假如他来,我们会对他说什么呢？,If he,were to,come,what,should,we say to him?,假如他看见我,就会认识我。,If he,should,see me,he,would,know me.,16/50,a.If there _(be)no natural resource any more,we _(make)use of nuclear power.,b.What _(happen)if you _(get up)too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE 3:Fill in the blanks,c.If Robots _(control)the world some day,there _(be)no friendship.,were to control,would be,17/50,条件,If 从句谓语形式,主句谓语形式,过去,现在,未来,过去时(were),would/could/should/,might+V.(原),虚拟语气在条件状语从句中使用方法。,过去完成时,would/could/should/,might+have+p.p.,1.过去时,2.should+V.,3.were to do,would/could/should/might+V.(原),18/50,主句与从句动作发生在不一样时间,这时主从句位于动词虚拟语气形式因时间不一样而不一样,这叫做,混合条件句,。,例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反,If you,had asked,him yesterday,you,would,know,what to do now.,19/50,If the staff,_,what to do before,the building,_,on fire now.,would not be,had been told,20/50,三.虚拟语气在,宾语从句,中使用方法,1.在动词,wish,后宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去事实相反,或对未来主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。,21/50,I wish every day,were,my birthday.,1)表示对,现在情况虚拟:,从句动词用,过去式或过去进行式(be动词普通用were)。,22/50,He behaves as if he,owned,the house.,(But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.),23/50,I wish it,would,rain tomorrow.,24/50,I wish/wished I,hadnt,eaten so much watermelon.,(2)表示对,过去情况,虚拟:从句动词惯用“,had过去分词”,。,25/50,1)I wish I _ this morning,but I had to get up and come to class.,A.could have slept,B.slept,C.might have slept,D.have slept,A,表示过去时间不现实愿望,26/50,as if/as though,由,as if(as though),或,even though(even though),引导状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词,过去式(be用were)或“had过去分词”。,27/50,他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似。,He treats me,as if,I,were,a stranger.,注意,:假如表示事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中谓语动词可用陈说语气。,It looks as if it is going to rain.,28/50,He talks about Rome as though he,had,been there himself.,29/50,Translate:,我要是你话,我就会把英语学好。,2.假如你昨天来,你就会看见他。,3.万一明天下雨,我们就不到那儿去。,4.我希望我十年前认识他。,5.他对待我就像对待他自己儿子一样。,If I were you,I would/should learn English well.,If you had come yesterday,you would have met him.,If it were to rain tomorrow,we wouldnt go there.,I wish I had known him ten years ago.,He treats me as if I were his own son.,30/50,四、It is(high)time 等从句中,表示“该做而没有作事情”，动词用普通过去时。如：,Its high time we,began,to work.,I would rather you,came,tomorrow.,31/50,2)“You are very selfish.Its high time _ you are not the most important person in the world.”Edgar said to his boss angrily.,A.have realized,B.realized,C.realize,D.should realize,表示是时间该作某事（但没做）,B,32/50,五、表示“提议、要求、命令”意义各种从句中,advise suggest propose insist request recommend demand require urge intend order command,33/50,这些词从句谓语用虚拟语气 should do，should 可省略。,比如：,He insisted that John should do this job.,The union demanded the wage be raised by 20%.,We suggested the meeting not be postponed.,34/50,六、省掉if,从句倒装,If you had come yesterday,you would have met him.,If it were to rain tomorrow,we wouldnt go there.,Had you come yesterday,you would have met him.,Were it to rain tomorrow,we wouldnt go there.,35/50,5)_ for my illness,I would have lent him a helping hand.,A.Not being,B.Had it not been,C.Without being,D.Not having been,B,表示“要不是”,Had提前，倒装,36/50,Practice,Even if he _(be)here,he couldnt solve the problem.,Without air,there _(be)no living things.,But for your help,I _,(not,do)it well.,If only I _(take)his advice,but I didnt.,5.I was very busy yesterday,otherwise I _(come)to the meeting.,6.Look at the clock!Its(high)time we _(go)home.,were,would be,couldnt have done,had taken,would have come,went/should go,37/50,Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气),(Part 1),38/50,(1)If he should come,tell him to ring me up.,=,Should he come,tell him to ring me up.,If I were in your position,I would not do it.,=,Were I in your position,I would not do it.,(2)Without air,there would be no living things.,=,If there were no air,there would be no living things.,(三)虚拟条件句特殊变形,39/50,(3)I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone with them.,=If I,hadnt been,busy that day,I would have gone with them.,I would have finished the work,but I have been ill.,=If I,hadnt been,ill,I would have finished the work.,(三)虚拟条件句特殊变形,40/50,一 选择题,D,A,B,C,D,A,A,虚拟语气练习题,41/50,二 填空,had listened,had been warned,wouldnt have tasted,3.had come,would have met,4.would be,5.had not seen,would not be,6.was,7.would have called,虚拟语气练习题,42/50,三 翻译,If this earthquake,had happened,in big cities,there,would have been,more deaths.,What fine weather it is today!If it,rained,/,were to rain,/,should rain,tomorrow,the sports meet,would be,put off.,3.If I,were,/,should be/,were to be,in school again,I,would,work harder.,虚拟语气练习题,43/50,4.I,would,/,could,not have succeeded,without/but for,your help.,5.She came to town yesterday,otherwise I,would not have met,her.,6.I,would have attended,the meeting,but I have been too busy.,虚拟语气练习题,44/50,Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气),(Part 2),45/50,一、虚拟语气在主语从句中：,should be,should be,should inform,46/50,二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中：,(1),knew,hadnt spent,would stop,(2),(should)answer,(should)stop,3.(should)stop,4.was,47/50,(3),Id rather you _(pay)me now.(与现在事实相反),I would rather they _(come)tomorrow.(与未来事实相反),Id rather she _(not do)that.(与过去事实相反),paid,came,hadnt done,48/50,三、虚拟语气在状语从句中使用方法：,(2),were,had seen,(3),could/might hear,49/50,四、虚拟语气在定语从句中使用方法：,did/should do,五、虚拟语气在简单句中使用方法：,would,50/50,
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