Unit-4-Natural-Disasters-单元综合检测(单元测试).docx

Unit 4单元综合检测
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·云南·昆明一中高一期中）Apps to Help in a Disaster
Disasters almost always arrive unexpectedly. But there are computer apps to help people prepare for disasters. Some apps warn users when a disaster has taken place.
Siren GPS Mobile
The free Siren GPS Mobile app connects users to emergency (紧急事件) services at the tap of the screen. The app will let emergency workers know where the person in need is.
The app works over cellphone networks. But it also works on Wi-Fi if cellphone networks are down after an emergency.
Users can create a personal health report on the app to share with emergency services. This will provide information about medicines that users take, allergies (过敏反应) they might have and other medical information important to treatment decisions.
Life360
The Life360 app provides a service to keep the loved ones connected. Users can set up a network of people to share their location, chat and get informed when they are near someone in their network. People in the same network can use the app on iPhone and Android devices.
The app helps users communicate when they are in danger. The location sharing function can be suspended (暂停) when desired.
The Life360 app is free, with some services available for a fee.
Red Panic Button
When a person is in danger, the Red Panic Button app might help. This app can send a text message to chosen contacts providing the user’s location. You can also add a voice or video message or photo to your text and email.
This app can also be used to contact emergency services.
Red Panic Button is free, but extra features are available for a fee*
First Aid by American Red Cross
The free First Aid app by the American Red Cross helps guide users in giving first aid to the injured people. The app can also help with information to help plan for droughts, floods, storms and more.
Watch videos and take tests within the app. Users can switch the app from English to Spanish.
1．Which is not the feature of the Siren GPS Mobile app?
A．It connects users to emergency services.
B．It is useless if your cellphone network is down.
C．Rescuers can get your health information through it.
D．Rescue workers can know where the injured person is.
2．What can you do if you have the Life360 app?
A．Watch over your loved ones’ movements.
B．Keep connected with those in your network.
C．Share your health information with doctors directly.
D．Get hospital information immediately when in danger.
3．What may be the best choice if you want to get information about disasters in advance?
A．Siren GPS Mobile. B．Life360.
C．Red Panic Button. D．First Aid by American Red Cross.
B
（2022·河南·南阳市第二完全学校高级中学高一期中）In the United States, more than 90 people died across six southern states when strong winds known as tornadoes destroyed homes, office buildings and religious centers on Friday night. Victor Gensini, a weather scientist at Northern Illinois University, called the tornado that traveled hundreds of miles on Friday “Remarkable.” He said the tornado traveled about 300 kilometers. Normally, tornadoes die out in minutes, he said, but this one lasted for hours. He said the storm moved as fast as a car going down a large roadway.
Such weather events do happen in December, but they do not happen often this time of year because the temperature on the ground is not so different from that high in the sky. However, people in Kentucky said the air was warm and wet on Friday. Weather scientists said the mixing of the warm and cold air can create “instability (不稳定)” which produces storms and the fast, spinning (旋转的) winds of tornadoes.
The question is whether the deadly storm came because of climate change. The weather scientists are not completely sure. Gensini said strong winds are common in the winter, but they do not create tornadoes because the air close to the Earth is also cold. Harold Brooks studies tornadoes at the National Severe Storms Laboratory. While the US has more tornadoes than any other country, tornadoes only form once out of every 10 strong storms. As a result, he said, it is hard to say if the winter tornadoes have something to do with climate change. Gensini, however, said the conditions for strong storms are becoming more common in the winter as the planet warms up.
Jason Furtado, a scientist at the University of Oklahoma, said in the past tornadoes happened more often during warm days in the summer. However, as the winter becomes warmer, especially in the southern US, the tornado season will change. More will happen in the winter and fewer will happen in the summer. He said people who live in places like Kentucky, which suffered the most from Friday’s storms, are now living in an area where tornadoes are common.
4．What can be learned about the tornado “Remarkable”?
A．It is the worst one on record. B．It lasted only minutes.
C．It was quite damaging. D．It only traveled along the roadway.
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．What is the cause of the tornadoes.
B．Why the weather changes in December.
C．How special the weather is in December.
D．What were people’s attitudes to the tornado on Friday night.
6．Which of the following may Harold Brooks agree with?
A．A strong storm usually grows into a tornado.
B．Winter tornadoes will be a common thing in the US.
C．The US has more tornadoes in winter than any other country.
D．The connection between winter tornadoes and climate change is unknown.
7．How will tornadoes change according to Jason Furtado?
A．They will last longer and longer.
B．They will become weaker in Kentucky.
C．They will happen less often in the summer.
D．They will travel faster in colder months.
C
（2022·江西·临川一中高一阶段练习）Check out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.
Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. As a tsunami approaches the shore, water may move back from the coast. If it is shallow enough, the water may be pulled back hundreds of meters. If you are in the area, observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.
Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate as possible. When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast), they slow down but increase in height.
An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 14 countries. In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people. The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres (131 feet) in mine areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.
The Japanese word “tsunami” literally means “harbour wave”. Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.
8．Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?
A．The water near the shore is pulled back. B．The water marches towards the coast.
C．An earthquake takes place. D．The water near the shore is very shallow.
9．In the Tohoku earthquake, over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________.
A．the earthquake itself B．the lack of warning systems
C．the tsunami caused by the earthquake D．the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami
10．What does the underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Leave. B．Watch. C．Explore. D．Communicate.
11．What can we learn from the passage?
A．There is no sign before the approach of a tsunami.
B．More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohoku tsunami.
C．Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami.
D．The term “tidal wave” is used more often than “tsunami.”
D
（2022·山西·柳林县鑫飞中学高一期中）On August 14, 2021, Haiti was hit by a7.2 magnitude(级数)earthquake. The quake destroyed thousands of buildings, injured over 5,700 people, and left at least 1,297 others dead. Haiti has declared a state of emergency(紧急情况).
The earthquake struck near the town of Petit Trou de Nippes, in the western part of the country. That’s roughly 125 kilometers west of the capital, Port-au-Prince. The earthquake did serious damage in two nearby cities, Les Cayes and Jeremie, with Les Cayes hit the hardest. Homes, schools, churches, and offices were seriously damaged.
The number of injured people was so high that local hospitals have been unable to keep up. A number of medical workers at the general hospital in Les Cayes were themselves trapped in a building. Across the area, people were searching through the rubble(废墟) for survivors. But the earthquake also caused landslides(塌方), making the job even more difficult. There have been many aftershocks—smaller quakes which follow the main earthquake. With many buildings damaged by the earthquake, it’s not certain whether the buildings still standing in the area are safe. Many people are choosing to sleep outside rather than taking the risk of sleeping in a building.
Haiti has still not fully returned to normal from a 7.0 magnitude earthquake which destroyed much of Port-au-Prince and killed over 200,000 people in 2010. The country suffered again in 2016, when it was pounded(袭击) by Hurricane Matthew, which caused huge damage in Haiti. Storm Grace is expected to reach Haiti on Monday, bringing heavy rainfall with it.
Several countries have offered to help Haiti. The government says the country won’t officially ask for outside help until it is clear how much damage there is in all. But Haiti is not a rich country, and the government may not have the money for major efforts to rebuild the damaged areas.
12．Which was worst affected by this year’s earthquake?
A．Port-au-Prince. B．Jeremie. C．Les Cayes. D．Petit Trou de Nippes.
13．What does the underlined part “the job” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Dealing with landslides. B．Searching for survivors.
C．Observing aftershocks. D．Doing building safety-checks.
14．What do we know about Haiti?
A．It has begun to rebuild after this year’s earthquake.
B．It has just recovered from the 2010 earthquake.
C．It suffered from two kinds of hurricanes in 2016.
D．It has experienced serious disasters in recent years.
15．What is Haiti’s attitude to seeking foreign aid?
A．Doubtful. B．Favored. C．Cautious. D．Disapproving.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·广西河池·高一期末）Unlike hurricanes or floods, earthquakes happen without warning and are usually followed by similar aftershocks, although the aftershocks are usually less powerful than the quake. If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake, there’s often only a short time to decide what to do. ___16___
● Drop to the ground. The drop, cover, and hold on technique is the cousin of the famous “stop, drop and roll” for fires. While it’s not the only method of protecting yourself indoors during an earthquake, it is the preferred method of the Red Cross. Big earthquakes occur without much, if any, warning. ___17___ A small earthquake could turn into a big earthquake in a split-second; it’s better to be safe than sorry.
● Take cover. Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture. ___18___ If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch (蜷缩) in an inside corner of the building.
● Hold on. ___19___ Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop. If you were unable to find a surface to hide under, continue to keep your head protected by your arms and tucked (躲藏，隐藏) down low.
● ___20___ Researchers have shown that most injuries happen when people try to change the place of hiding or when the place is crowded and everyone has a goal to get outside safe.
A．Stay inside until it’s safe to get out.
B．In that case, move to the nearest safe place.
C．Stairs are dangerous places to walk during an earthquake.
D．So it’s recommended that you drop to the floor as soon as it hits.
E．If possible, stay away from windows and anything that could fall.
F．The ground maybe shaking and pieces of wood or brick could be falling.
G．Studying the following advice could be the difference between life and death.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2022·湖南·长沙一中高一期末）Hurricane Harvey struck Texas over two years ago, and many communities continue to feel its effects today. The areas that were ____21____ most by Harvey were already facing many economic ____22____. After Harvey hit, the people who were ____23____ to meet their basic needs were faced with having to rebuild their lives and their homes as well. ____24____ Harvey and the affected communities, the East Harris County Recovery Project was created to help individuals and families that were hit particularly ____25____ by the hurricane and support them as they ____26____. Good360, a non-profit charity group, is ____27____ to partner with this organization to assist the ____28____ communities.
Good360 donated backpacks to East Harris County Empowerment Council for students returning to school this fall who ____29____ would not have been able to buy new backpacks. The weeks _____30_____ the start of school are particularly hard for families. Parents are often forced to choose between having _____31_____ on the dinner table, putting gas in the car, and buying school _____32_____ for their children. The donation of backpacks allowed them to _____33_____ meeting other needs.
One family in the county was especially impacted by this donation. When it came time to buy school items, the mother was _____34_____ that she would not have enough money for her two children in school. Thanks to Good360’s _____35_____, both children received brand new backpacks.
21．A．applied B．hit C．funded D．relieved
22．A．challenges B．impressions C．currents D．services
23．A．signaling B．struggling C．confirming D．marching
24．A．In case of B．In addition to C．In response to D．In place of
25．A．fancy B．ordinary C．hard D．orderly
26．A．recover B．revise C．reflect D．retire
27．A．shocked B．unlikely C．anxious D．proud
28．A．defeated B．deserted C．unearthed D．impacted
29．A．otherwise B．further C．entirely D．moreover
30．A．setting a limit toB．referring to C．leading up to D．giving rise to
31．A．fun B．food C．difficulty D．argument
32．A．games B．business C．sources D．supplies
33．A．focus on B．occur to C．draw on D．bring up
34．A．inspired B．concerned C．determined D．scared
35．A．proc