高一英语下学期开学考试(江苏专用)(译林2020).docx

2022-2023学年高一英语下学期开学考试
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Museum of the Moving Image (MMI) (Monday Closed)As the best museum in New York City and with a balance of hands-on(实际操作的)activities and information, it’s the rare bird that can entertain and educate people of different ages. It’s a perfect destination for a family trip of a couple of hours.
Pros-Excellent movie screenings. Easy subway access.
Cons-Difficult to reach by car.
New York Hall of Science (NYHS) (Monday Closed)Being New York City’s only hands-on science and technology center, it is an interactive science museum targeting children. It has the most hands-on exhibits in an NYC museum, and it’s a fun destination for five-year-olds and above. Older folks might take great interest in the NASA rockets outside the museum, but don’t bother unless you have kids to keep you company.
Pros-Cool interactive science exhibits, the rockets.
Cons-Hard to reach by public transportation.
Queens County Farm Museum (QCFM) (Year-round 7 days a week)It is an actual farm in New York City and home to animals your kids can feed and a yard full of a climbing plant whose fruits can be made into wine. Good chance to meet sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and cows! The animals are mostly readily accessible to visitors. And the museum sells feed for young hands willing to get licked by sheep and goats.
Pros-Outdoor fun.
Cons-Expensive festivals, long bus ride, no subway.
Queens Museum of Art (QMA) (Monday and Tuesday Closed)Opened in 1972 to serve as a cultural center for the borough(行政区), it exhibits artworks by local and international artists. Its best exhibits are on the two World’s Fairs, and of course, the Panorama of New York City, a giant, highly detailed diorama(透视画)of all five New York City boroughs.
Pros-The Panorama, great gift shop. Easy subway access.
Cons-Not much for kids.

1． What do MMI and NYHS have in common?
A．They both target people of different ages.
B．They both feature impressive science exhibits.
C．Hands-on experience is available in both places.
D．They are difficult to reach by public transportation.
2．What can we know from the passage?
A．Visitors can often see a rare bird flying in the sky above MMI.
B．There is only one museum people can pay a visit to on any day.
C．The Panorama of the New York City is actually a great gift shop.
D．Kids can climb a plant to pick up fruits and make wine in QCFM.
3．Where can you read the article?
A．From a brochure for visitors.
B．From a history book.
C．From an ad for a project.
D．From a museum poster.
B
When my teenaged son became seriously ill, terrible times for my family began. Our once-happy home became tense and depressed. My husband and I were exhausted under the great stress of caring for my son. It was as if we forgot how to communicate-we couldn’t have a simple conversation without a fighting. Our marriage was on the point of breaking up.
One evening, my son and I were talking about gifts. I recalled my first Valentine’s present from my husband, a kazoo. I was awkward when I received it because I couldn’t get it to make a sound although I am a professional saxophone player. However hard I tried, it just never worked. The kazoo eventually got packed away and forgotten. But my son was interested and insisted on seeing it. After some trouble, I found it.
“You couldn’t get a sound? What’s so hard about it?” my husband asked, amazed. He took the kazoo and blew. Nothing happened. Surprised, he tried again. Still there was no sound. Frustrated, he tried again, only to produce a funny sound like an angry bumblebee trapped in the mouth of a bear. We burst into laughter. My son took a turn to play the kazoo. He did no better than us, causing more laughing.
Seeing his face light up, we felt as if the darkness had lifted and a ray of sunshine was let in. It was the best ten minutes of the past couple of years. The mood stayed light for the rest of the evening. It didn’t solve anything. But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy, and that we can still connect as a family.
4．What affected the relationship of the couple?
A．Quarrels between the couple over marriage.
B．Different values they shared towards everything.
C．Stress and chaos arising from their son’s serious illness.
D．Lack of money needed for their son’s medical treatment.
5．Why did the husband blow the kazoo personally?
A．He had a love for playing the kazoo. B．He meant to make his son delighted.
C．He wanted to ease a feeling of depression. D．He didn’t think it that hard to play the kazoo.
6．What is the turning point of the story?
A．My failure to get the kazoo to make a sound.
B．The involvement of my husband in playing the kazoo.
C．My memory about the Valentine’s present from my husband.
D．The failed but funny playing of the kazoo by my husband and son.
7．What does the story mainly tell us?
A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Parents are the best teachers.
C．Music can cure the hurt souls. D．Misfortunes test the true love.
C
Do you go to the gym to strengthen your body? Well, you may be missing out on training some vital muscles-the ones involved in breathing. New research shows that training these muscles each day can reduce high blood pressure and promote heart health.
“The muscles we use to breathe atrophy, just like the rest of our muscles, as we get older,” explains Daniel Craighead, a physiologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. To test what happens when these muscles are given a good workout, he and his colleagues enlisted healthy volunteers aged 18 to 82 to try a daily five-minute technique using a resistance-breathing training device called PowerBreathe. The device forces the patient to use their breathing muscles to push and pull air through it, making them stronger.
“We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers blood pressure by about 9mmHg (毫米汞柱),” Craighead says. And those reductions are about what could be expected with traditional exercise, he says-such as walking, running or cycling. The impact of a sustained 9mm Hg reduction is significant, says Michael Joyner, a physician at the Mayo Clinic who studies how the nervous system regulates blood pressure.“That’s the type of redaction you see with a blood pressure drug” Joyner says. Research has shown many common blood pressure medicines lead to about a 9 mmHg reduction. The reductions are higher when people combine multiple (多种的) medicines, but a 10 mmHg reduction relates to a 35% drop in the risk of stroke and a 25% drop in the risk of heart disease.
“I think it’s promising.”Joyner says about the prospects of integrating strength training for the muscles used to breathe into preventive care. It could be beneficial for people who are unable to do traditional exercise, he says, and the simplicity is appealing, too, given people can easily use the device at home. However, the technique is not intended to replace exercise, he cautions, or to replace medication for people whose blood pressure is so high that they’re at high risk of having a heart attack or stroke. Instead, Craighead says, “it would be a good additive intervention (干预) for people who are doing other healthy lifestyle approaches already.”
8．What does the underlined word “atrophy” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Run easily.
B．Age gradually.
C．Calmed slightly.
D．Relax frequently.
9．Which is ineffective to a 9 mmHg reduction on blood pressure?
A．Multiple medicines.
B．Breathing training.
C．Blood pressure devices.
D．Traditional exercise.
10．What’s Joyner’s attitude to the prospects of training the muscles used to breathe?
A．Objective.
B．Negative.
C．Indifferent.
D．Supportive.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Relationship Between Training and Heart Health
B．The Potential Integration of Training and Medicines
C．Medicines Work in Controlling High Blood Pressure
D．Breath Training Helps to Lower High Blood Pressure
D
If you have a high temperature or are recovering from a surgery, it is difficult to be fully focused at work. Sick days are meant to prevent people from hurting themselves, their co-workers, or customers on the job. However, working from home has changed this logic.
The work-from-home revolution has raised the bar for what counts as being sick. At the height of the pandemic, people worked from home even with some serious symptoms such as fever, shortness of breath or sickness. Many still have to.
Nicholas Bloom of Stanford University has been tracking work-from-home habits since before the Covid-19 popularized them. In a recent working paper, he presents the results of a randomized controlled trial at a large multinational company, where sick days fell by 12% for employees working from home compared to those coming in full time.
To be in bed not doing anything means discomfort both physically and mentally. Salaried workers,who are often evaluated on the basis of their attendance, find it hard to call in sick for a few days now that they don’t need to worry about spreading germs in the office. For high-achievers, putting in the hours is not a chore but a way of life. As the economic recession(萧条) puts future job security into question, showing yourself to be useful becomes even more important.
Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling. Being even mildly sick can impair brain function. It is difficult to exercise proper judgment if one cannot focus on the task at hand. It is why people with lower oxygen concentration sometimes remove protective clothes atop Mount Everest some freeze to death. Firing off emails while feeling dizzy will put the body under further stress.
Soldiering on (硬挺) may make the employee both sicker and less productive for longer. Digital presenteeism(超时工作),for that is what such persisting amounts to,is in no one’s interest.
12．How has the work-from-home revolution affected employees?
A．It has popularized relevant studies.
B．It has made it harder to ask for sick leave.
C．It has improved their well-being and health.
D．It has heightened their enthusiasm for work.
13．What can we learn from the study of Nicholas Bloom?
A．Those who work full time tend to get more sick leave.
B．The Covid-19 has popularized work-from-home habits.
C．Whether to take a sick or not is a random choice for you.
D．Work-from-home habits mostly happen in big companies.
14．What might be the biggest concern for the salaried workers on a medical leave?
A．Feeling uncomfortable in bed.
B．Bringing germs to their office.
C．Endangering their current jobs.
D．Failing to be the high-achievers.
15．What will the author probably talk about next?
A．The importance of staying healthy.
B．The future of flexible working habit.
C．The benefits of working from home.
D．The proper attitude to taking a sick leave.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Seventeen government departments released a guideline on Tuesday to boost(提高)the birth rate across the country. ____16____
All counties, cities and provinces are required to set up at least one government-funded maternity(产科医院)and child care institution(机构)to improve the welfare(福利)of pregnant women and newborn babies. ____17____ Tailored campaigns to build more cheaper nursery services, such as day care and kindergartens, are being promoted.
Employers, schools, communities and social organizations are encouraged to offer child care services during the summer and winter vacations.
Workplaces are encouraged to have a flexible working system. Employers can discuss with employees ways of creating a flexible working mechanism(机制), such as a work-from-home system, to help employees solve difficulties in child care, ____18____ The maternity leave system is being improved across the country, helping employees balance work and family, as well as promoting fair employment and career development.
____19____ to ensure the safety of the maternity fund. Unemployed women can enjoy maternity medical care by participating in basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents.
____20____ For example, cities are encouraged to raise the amount of housing loans with lower interest rates to those families.
A．including sending and picking up children from schools and taking care of sick and young children.
B．including losing temper while tutoring children with their homework.
C．The State will draw up a maternity insurance payment policy
D．Families without children will have stricter restrictions on house purchases.
E．Beneficial housing policies are being offered to families with more children.
F．Below are some of the specific measures.
G．More low-cost nursing services will also be provided.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father never kept anything for emotional purposes-except once. I was the only one in my family who cared about baseball and I always____21____watching my heroes at Yankee Stadium. One winter, I wrote down a schedule for the summer dates and dreamed every night. To my surprise, one evening I saw my father ____22____ it before going out to work.
The following Sunday, he told me, “Let’s put away some money into a ____23____each week, and maybe we can go to Yankee Stadium this summer. ”I ____24____washed out a jar and____25____a label: YANKEE STADIUM FUND, 1960.
Each of us ____26____to the jar weekly. However, we still hadn’t gone to a game because my father had to work every Saturday. So one day, I____27____him of the remaining time, and then he____28____me, “Don’t worry and we’ll have a free Saturday. ”
On the morning of the last game, I was waiting hopelessly with no____29____of my father who had been to work when he suddenly appeared and yelled, “I got two ____30____ !”.
I could hardly ____31____ when we finally sat together, father and son, watching my New York Yankees. I sat cheering, but for my father, all I could see is a face____32____ tiredness from working all week.
In 1963, my father died suddenly while working. In his bedroom, I noticed a ____33____ ticket in his yellowish book, which read, October I, 1960, General Admission. My father, who____34____ nothing for emotional reasons, had decided to keep this, a(n) ____35____ of our afternoon together.
21．A．dreamed of B．passed down C．tried out D．called for
22．A．inspiring B．checking C．tearing D．examining
23．A．bottle B．jar C．brochure D．package
24．A．officially B．patiently C．immediately D．unwillingly
25．A．attached B．identified C．created D．protested
26．A．referred B．contributed C．donated D．attended
27．A．accused B．informed C．inquired D．w