Arteries动脉专题知识.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Arteries,动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第1页,Arteries,动脉,Characteristics,Symmetry,对称,In the trunk of the body consist,parietal,and,visceral,branches,壁支和脏支,Shortest possible course,Run on flexor surfaces,Usually do not pass directly through muscles,avoiding compression,Together with the veins and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form,neurovascular bundle,血管神经束,Arteries动脉专题知识,第2页,Arteries of pulmonary circulation,Pulmonary trunk,肺动脉干,Arises from right ventricle,Runs up,back,and to the left,Bifurcates inferior to aortic arch into,right,and,left pulmonary arteries左、右肺动脉,one for each lung,Arterial ligament,动脉韧带,Remnant of,ductus arteriosus动脉导管,A fibrous band that connects bifurcation of pulmonary trunk with inferior border of aortic arch,Arteries动脉专题知识,第3页,Pulmonary Artery,Aorta,Patent Ductus Arteriosus,Arteries动脉专题知识,第4页,Arteries of systemic circulation,体循环动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第5页,Aorta 主动脉,Ascending aorta,升主动脉,Aortic arch,主动脉弓,lower border of T4 vertebra,Abdominal aorta,腹主动脉,lower border of L4 vertebra,Common iliac a.,髂总动脉,second right sternocostal joint,Thoracic aorta,胸主动脉,at level of T12 vertebra,升主动脉,主动脉弓,胸主动脉,腹主动脉,髂总动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第6页,升主动脉,主动脉弓,胸主动脉,腹主动脉,颈总动脉,锁骨下动脉,髂外动脉,髂内动脉,髂总动脉,头臂干,Arteries动脉专题知识,第7页,Ascending aorta 升主动脉,Arises from left ventricle,Runs upward,forward and to the right,Extends to level of right second sternocostal joint,Branches,Right coronary artery,右冠状动脉,Left coronary artery,左冠状动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第8页,Aortic arch 主动脉弓,Continuation of ascending aorta,Curves upward,to the left and posteriorly,then downward,arching over left principal bronchus and pulmonary trunk to lower border of T4 level,and becomes thoracic aorta,Branches(from right to left),Brachiocephalic trunk,头臂干,Right common carotid A,右颈总动脉,Right subclavian A,右锁骨下动脉,Left common carotid A,左颈总动脉,Left subclavian A,左锁骨下动脉,Aortic glomera,主动脉小球,chemoreceptor,Aortic isthmus,主动脉峡,Baroreceptor,Arteries动脉专题知识,第9页,Common carotid a.,颈总动脉,Origin,(arises from),Right：,Brachiocephalic trunk,Left：,Aortic arch,Ascends in neck to upper border of thyroid cartilage,Branches,Internal carotid artery,颈内动脉,External carotid artery,颈外动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第10页,Common carotid a.,颈总动脉,Carotid sinus,颈动脉窦,Located at a localizes dilation of terminal part of common carotid artery and beginning of internal carotid artery,Sensitive to blood pressure changes,(baroreceptor),Carotid glomus,颈动脉小球,Lies posterior to the point of bifurcation of common carotid artery,Senses changes in blood carbon dioxide(oxygen)levels,(chemoreceptor),Carotid sinus,Carotid glomus,Arteries动脉专题知识,第11页,颈外动脉external Carotid A.,Superior thyroid a.,甲状腺上动脉,Descends to supply upper pole of thyroid gland and larynx,Lingual a.,舌动脉,Facial a.,面动脉,Loops around mandible(where it is palpable),at anterior border of masseter,to enter the face,Occipital a.,枕动脉,Posterior auricular a.,耳后动脉,Maxillary a.,上颌动脉,Middle meningeal artery,脑膜中动脉,Superficial temporal a.,颞浅动脉,颞浅动脉,脑膜,中动脉,枕动脉,上颌动脉,甲状腺,甲状腺,上动脉,面动脉,舌动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第12页,Subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉,Origin,(arises from),Right：,Brachiocephalic trunk,Left：,Aortic arch,Becomes axillary artery at lateral border of first rib,Branches,Internal thoracic a.,胸廓内动脉,Vertebral a.,椎动脉,Thyrocervical trunk,甲状颈干,Inferior thyroid artery 甲状腺下动脉,Superascapular a.肩胛上动脉,Costocervical trunk,肋颈干,Arteries动脉专题知识,第13页,Subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第14页,Axillary artery,腋动脉,Continuation of subclavian artery at lateral border of first rib,Becomes brachial artery at lower border of teres major,Branches,Thoracoacromial a.,胸肩峰动脉,Lateral thoracic a.,胸外侧动脉,Subscapular a.,肩胛下动脉,Throcodorsal a.,胸背动脉,Circumflex scapular a.,旋肩胛动脉,Anterior,humeral circumflex a.,旋肱前动脉,Posterior humeral circumflex a.,旋肱后动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第15页,Axillary artery,腋动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第16页,Brachial artery 肱动脉,Continuation of axillary artery at lower border of teres major.Divides into radial and ulnar arteries at level of neck of radius,Branches,Radial artery,桡动脉,Ulnar artery,尺动脉,Deep brachial a.,肱深动脉,Superior ulnar collaeral a.,尺侧上副动脉,Inferior ulnar collateral a.,尺侧下副动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第17页,Brachial artery 肱动脉,Deep brachial a.肱深动脉,brachial a.肱动脉,Radial artery 桡动脉,Ulnar artery 尺动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第18页,Radial artery 桡动脉,Course:,at the neck of the radius,in the cubital fossa,passes downward and laterally,Branches,Superfical palmar branch,掌浅支,Principal artery of thumb,拇主要动脉,Radial recurent branch,桡侧返动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第19页,Ulnar artery 尺动脉,Course:,at the neck of the radius,in the cubital fossa passes downward and medially,Branches,Common interosseous artery,骨间总动脉,anterior interossous a.,骨间前动脉,posterior interosseous a.,骨间后动脉,Deep palmar branch,掌深支,Arteries动脉专题知识,第20页,Arteries动脉专题知识,第21页,Superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓,Formed by,ulnar artery尺动脉,and,superficial palmar branch of radial artery桡动脉掌浅支,Branches,common palmar digital arteries 指掌侧总动脉（3）,proper palmar digital arteries指掌侧固有 动脉,ulnar palmar artery of little finger小指尺掌侧动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第22页,Deep palmar arch 掌深弓,Formed by,radial artery桡动脉,and,deep palmar branch of ulnar artery尺动脉掌深支,Branches,palmar metacarpal arteries 掌心动脉（3）,Arteries动脉专题知识,第23页,Visualizing the position of the superficial and deep palmar arches,The curve of,superficial palmar arch,lies at the level of middle of the metacarpal bone,The curve of,deep,palmar,arch,lies across the carpometacarpal joint,Arteries动脉专题知识,第24页,Thoracic aorta,胸主动脉,Course,Continuation of aortic arch at lower border of T4,Passes through aortic hiatus of diaphragm at level of T12 vertebra to enter abdominal cavity,Main branches,Parietal branches,Posterior intercostals arteries 肋间后动脉,subcostal artery 肋下动脉,Superior phrenic arteries 膈上动脉,Visceral branches,Bronchial branches 支气管支,Esophageal branches 食管支,Pericardial branches 心包支,Arteries动脉专题知识,第25页,Thoracic aorta,胸主动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第26页,Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉,Continuation of thoracic aorta at aortic hiatus of diaphragm in front of T12,Terminates at lower border of L4 vertebra by dividing into right and left common iliac arteries,Gives off two groups of branches,Parietal branches 壁支,Visceral branches脏支,paired,unpaired,Arteries动脉专题知识,第27页,Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉,Parietal branches,Inferior phrenic a.,膈下动脉,(,one pair,),superior suprarenal artery,肾上腺上动脉,Lumbar a.,腰动脉,(,four pairs,),supply the posterior abdominal wall,Median sacral a.,骶正中动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第28页,Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉,Visceral branches,-Paired,Middle suprarenal artery,肾上腺中动脉,Renal artery,肾动脉,inferior suprarenal artery,肾上腺下动脉,Testicular(ovarian)artery,睾丸（卵巢）动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第29页,Testicular(ovarian)artery,Superior suprarenal a.,Middle suprarenal a.,Inferior suprarenal a.,Renal a.,Accessory,renal a.,Subphrenic a.,Arteries动脉专题知识,第30页,Abdominal aorta,腹主动脉,Visceral,branches,-Unpaired,Celiac trunk,腹腔干,A short large artery that arises from the front of aorta as it emerges through the diaphragm.,Superior mesenteric a.,肠系膜上动脉,Arises from the front of aorta,at the level of L1,Inferior mesenteric a.,肠系膜下动脉,Arises from the front of aorta,at level of L3,Celiac trunk,Superior mesenteric a.,Inferior mesenteric a.,Arteries动脉专题知识,第31页,Celiac trunk,腹腔干,Superior mesenteric a.,肠系膜上动脉,Inferior mesenteric a.,肠系膜下动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第32页,Celiac trunk,腹腔干,A short large artery that arises from the front of aorta as it emerges through the diaphragm,Branches,Left gastric artery,胃左动脉,Common hepatic artery,肝总动脉,Splenic artery,脾动脉,Left gastric artery,Common hepatic artery,Splenic artery,Arteries动脉专题知识,第33页,Celiac trunk,腹腔干,Branches,Left gastric artery,胃左动脉,Runs alone the lesser curvature of stomach,Arteries动脉专题知识,第34页,Celiac trunk,腹腔干,Splenic artery,脾动脉,pancreatic branches,胰支,left gastrioeploic artery,胃网膜左动脉,short gastric arteries,胃短动脉,posterior gastric artery,胃后动脉,splenic branches,脾支,Arteries动脉专题知识,第35页,Celiac trunk,腹腔干,Branches,Common hepatic A.,肝总动脉,Proper hepatic a.,肝固有动脉,right gastric artery,胃右动脉,left branch,right branch cystic artery,胆囊动脉,Gastroduodenal a.,胃十二指肠动脉,right gastroepiploic artery,胃网膜右动脉,superior pancreaticoduodenal artery,胰十二指肠上动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第36页,Celiac trunk,Arteries动脉专题知识,第37页,Left gastric a.,Common,hepatic a.,Splenic a.,Gastroduodenal a.,Proper hepatic a.,Right gastric a.,Left branch,Right branch,Cystic a.,Short gastric a.,Left gastroepiploic a.,Right gastroepiploic a.,Superior pancreaticoduodenal a.,Splenic branches,Celiac trunk,Arteries动脉专题知识,第38页,Superior mesenteric a.肠系膜上动脉,Branches,Inferior pancreaticodudenal artery,胰十二指肠下动脉,Jejunal and ileal arteries,(13-18),空肠和回肠动脉,Ileocolic artery,回结肠动脉,appendicular artery,阑尾动脉,Right colic artery,右结肠动脉,Middle colic artery,中结肠动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第39页,Superior,mesenteric a.,Inf.pancreaticodudenal a.,Jejunal and ileal a.,Ileocolic a.,Appendicular a.,Right colic a.,Middle colic a.,Superior,Mesenteric v.,Arteries动脉专题知识,第40页,Inferior mesenteric a,.,肠系膜下动脉,Branches,Left colic artery,左结肠动脉,Sigmoid arteries,乙状结肠,Superior rectal artery,直肠上动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第41页,Inferior mesenteric a,.,Left colic a.,Sigmoid a.,Superior rectal a.,Inferior mesenteric v.,Arteries动脉专题知识,第42页,Ileocolic artery 回结肠动脉appendicular artery 阑尾动脉,colic marginal artery,结肠缘动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第43页,Common iliac artery,髂总动脉,Continuation of abdominal aorta at level of L4 vertebra,Run downward and laterally to end opposite the sacroiliac joint by dividing into,internal,and,external iliac arteries,.（,髂内动脉,和,髂外动脉,）,Arteries动脉专题知识,第44页,Internal iliac artery,髂内动脉,Parietal branches,Obturator a.,闭孔动脉,Superior gluteal a.,臀上动脉,Inferior gluteal a.,臀下动脉,Iliolumber a.,髂腰动脉,Lateral sacral a.,骶外侧动脉,臀上动脉,臀下动脉,闭孔动脉,髂内动脉,髂腰动脉,骶外侧动脉,臀上动脉,臀下动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第45页,Internal iliac artery,髂内动脉,Visceral branches,Umbilical a.,脐动脉,superior vesical a.,膀胱上动脉,Inferior vesical a.,膀胱下动脉,Uterine a.,子宫动脉,Inferior rectal a.,直肠下动脉,Internal pudendal a.,阴部内动脉,髂内动脉,阴部内动脉,直肠下动脉,子宫动脉,膀胱上动脉,脐动脉,膀胱下动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第46页,Internal iliac artery,髂内动脉,Uterine a.,子宫动脉,About 2cm from neck of uterus it crosses above and in front of ureter,小桥流水,Arteries动脉专题知识,第47页,Internal iliac artery,髂内动脉,Internal pudendal artery,阴部内动脉,Course,Leaves the pelvis through the infrapiriform foramen and enters the gluteal region,It enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen and then passes forward in the pudendal canal with the pudendal nerve,Branches,Anal artery,肛动脉,Perineal artery,会阴动脉,Dorsal artery of penis(clitoris),阴茎（蒂）背动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第48页,Arteries动脉专题知识,第49页,Arteries动脉专题知识,第50页,External iliac artery 髂外动脉,Branches,Inferior epigastric artery,腹壁下动脉,Deep iliac circumflex artery,旋髂深动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第51页,Femoral a.股动脉,Continuation of the external iliac a.,Begins midpoint of inguinal ligament,Ends at the adductor tendinous opening by entering the popliteal fossa as the,popliteal artery,腘动脉,股动脉,股深动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第52页,Femoral a.股动脉,Principal branch,Deep femoral a.,股深动脉,Arises from the posterolateral surface of the femoral artery about 2-5 cm below the inguinal ligament,.,Branches,Medial femoral circumflex,a.,旋股内侧动脉,lateral femoral circumflex a.,旋股外侧动脉,Four perforating arteries a.,穿动脉,股深动脉,旋股内侧动脉,旋股外侧动脉,穿动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第53页,Popliteal artery,腘动脉,Course,Begins at the adductor tendinous opening,here it is continuous with the femoral artery,Ends at the lower border of the popliteus where it divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries,Arteries动脉专题知识,第54页,Posterior tibial artery 胫后动脉,Course,Passes downwards deep to gastrocnemius and soleus,Passes behind medial mallealus by dividing into medial and lateral plantar arteries,Branches,Peroneal a.,腓动脉,Medial,and,lateral plantar a.,足底内、外侧动脉,腓动脉,胫后动脉,足底内侧动脉,足底外侧动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第55页,Deep plantar arch足底深弓,Common plantar digital arteries 跖足底总动脉,Proper plantar digital arteries 趾足底固有动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第56页,Anterior tibial artery,胫前动脉,Course,Descends on anterior surface of interosseous membrane,In front of ankle joint becomes,dorsal a.of foot,足背动脉,弓状动脉,足底深支,胫前动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第57页,Dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉,Course,Passes forward between tendons of extensor longus and extensor digitorum longus to the proximal,End of first intermetatarsal space,Branches,Deep plantar a.,足底深支,1st dorsal metatarsal a.,第1跖背动脉,Arcuate a.,弓状动脉,Arteries动脉专题知识,第58页,Arteries动脉专题知识,第59页,Arteries动脉专题知识,第60页,Arteries动脉专题知识,第61页,