2024年大学英语四级阅读选词填空模拟题及答案解析.doc

第一篇Climate change has claimed its latest victim：Limacina helicina，a planktonic，predatory(捕食的)sea snail thats a member of the taxonomic group more(36)_ known as sea butterflies(The name is(37)_ from the wing-like lobes(叶瓣)the tiny creatures use to get around)In a study(38)_ published in joumal Proceedings of the Royal Society B，a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and Oregon State University have found that the Pacific Oceans decreasing pHits acidifying(酸化)，in other words-is dissolving Lhelicinas thin shellsThe researchers collected sea butterfly(39)_ from 13 sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern California，going over each with a scanning electron microscopeMore than half of the shells(53)from onshore individuals(40)_ signs of “severe dissolution damage，”while 24of(41) _ individuals suffered dissolution damageThe studys(42)_ investigator, Dr. Nina Bednarsek of NOAA，described the affected Lhelicina shells as having a texture not unlike “cauliflower” or “sandpaper”According to the paper，there was a “strong positive(43)_ ”between the proportion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and “the percentage ofundersaturated(未达成饱和的)water ” near the oceans surfaceThe researchers conclude “shell dissolution owing to(humancaused ocean(44)_has doubled in near shore habitats since preindustrial conditions across this region and is on track to triple by 2050，”a truly(45)_ predictionMoreover, the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear, as damaged shells make it harder for Lhelicina to fight infections，stay buoyant，and protect themselves from predatorsA. showedB. recentlyC. protectedD. commonlyE. derivedF. samplesG. offshoreH. principalI. noticedJ. correlationK. encouragingL. seawardM. acidificationN. grimO. pollution词性归类答案解析第二篇The social network will let users“mute”messages from other users on their timelines without the muted persons knowledge，thereby avoiding the(36)_process of having to unfollow(取消关注)，or put up with，your(37)_talkative IRL friendsTwitter rolled out new(38)_to let users better manage the deluge(泛滥)of tweets they receiveUsers can now“mute”people they follow, removing those peoples tweets and retweets from their own timelinesThe muted person wont know that he or she has been(39)_Its a stealthy way to read less content from certain users without having to unfollow themA person can easily be muted or(40)_atany time，Twitter said in a blog post“Mute gives you even more(41)_over the content you see on Twitter by letting you remove a users content from key parts of your Twitter experience，”the company saidThough Twitter had been experimenting with the feature in recent weeks，it announced that muting will be(42)_to all users of the companys iOS and Android apps，as well as the Twittercom websiteSome other Twitter applications，like TweetDeck，already allowed mutingThe feature is part of Twitters(43)_strategy to make its service more accessible to a wider range of peopleFollowing a successful initial public offerin9，Twitters stock has tumbled in recent months as investors worry about the social networks(44)_to attract new usersCEO Dick Costolo(45)_that Twitter would make changes to its interface this year to make it easier to understand and manageThe company overhauled(彻底检修)user profile pages in April as part of this effortA. silencedB. awkwardC. unmvtedD. featureE. embarrassmentF. unfollowedG. controlH. extremelyI. overallJ. vowedK. generallyL. abilityM. acceptedN. availableO. characters词性归类答案解析第三篇The poll of 2,000 adults in England was(36)_out as part of the governments drive to curb peoples drinking habitsThe campaign also stresses that a heavy drinking session is often(37)_by an unhealthy breakfast，which again helps to pile on the poundsThe Know Your Limits campaign has in the past focused on other(38)_0f drinking，such as disease riskBut to(39)_with the focus on weight，the Depa Ihiient of Health carried out research showing a regular beer drinker, who downed(喝)five pints a week or 250 over the(40)_of a year, packed away the same number of calories as someone eating 22 1 doughnuts over the space of 12 monthsIt also revealed the average wine drinker consumed 2,000 calories each monthover the course of a year, that is the(41)_of eating all extra 38 roast beef dinnersHealth minister Phil Hope said，“Regularly drinking more than our(42)_daily limits can have a knock-on effect on our health，including an expanding waistline“Its not only the calories in the drinks themselves that can help to pile on the pounds，were also more(43)_to eat fatty foods when weve had one too many”Heather Caswell，of the British Nutrition Foundation，added，“Most people would baulk(犹豫)at consuming a full glass of single cream，but wouldnt mind(44)_about a couple of pints”“But the calorie content is similar and，over time，excess alcohol intake is likely to lead to weight gain”And a spokesman for the Drink aware Trust added：“Its(45)_we are in the know when it comes to what we are drinking”A. consequencesB. carriedC. communicateD. followedE. equivalentF. heldG. twiceH. likelyI. coincideJ. necessityK. courseL. relatedM. imperativeN. over0. recommended词性归类答案解析第四篇Judges at last weekends Pizza World Championship held in Parma，Italy,(36)_the worlds top marghefita pizza title to Australian chef Johnny Di Francesco，owner of the 400 Gradi restaurant in Brunswick，a Melbourne suburbDi Francesco，36，beat more than 600 competitors from 35 countries to take ,home the Specialita Traditionale Garantita pizza prize in the(37)_competitionThe win and subsequent publicity has made the small restaurant he owns in his hometown all(38)_sensation(知名人物)“Its been all amazing reaction，”Di Francesco tells CNN“Honestly, I just went to Naples to do what I loveI didnt think it was going to make such a(39)_”“A lot of people think it is easy to(40)_a margherita but it is one of the hardest(pizzas)to make，”Di Francesco told Australian website Good Food“With a lot of other pizzas its easy to mask the(41)_with toppings(配料)so you dont really get the flavor out of the doughWith a margherita there is no hiding anything that isnt right”Competition rules are(42)_0n what ingredients can top the dough(面团)on the margherita：only peeled tomatoes，certain types of mozzarella，garlic，olive oil，salt and fresh basil leaves are usedDi Francesco，who says hes been making pizza(43)_1 2 years old and studied pizza-making at the highly regarded Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana in Naples，Italy, calls himself a(44)_when it comes to making pizza“Its an honor to be part of what(Verace Pizza Napoletanaldoes，striving to(45)_a traditional way of making pizza the way theyve done it in Naples for hundreds of years”A. produceB. flavorC. rewardedD. preserveE. traditionalistF. sinceG. casualH. awardedI. overnightJ. annualK. messL. afterM. conservativeN. strictO. stir词性归类答案解析第五篇“THINKING is hard，”(36)_Daniel Dennet，a professor of philosophy at Tufts University“Thinking about some problems is so hard that it can make your head ache just thinking about thinking about them”He has spent hA.f a century pondering some of the knottiest problems around：the nature of meaning，the(37)_of minds and whether freewill is possibleHis latest book，Intuition Pumps(直觉泵)and Other Tools for Thinking，is a precis of those 50 years，distilled into 77(38)_ and mostly bite-sized chapters“Intuiuon pumps”are what Mr Dennet calls thought experiments that aim to get at the rub of conceptsBut the aim of this book is not(39)_to show how the pumps work, but to(40)_them to help readers think through some of the most profound conundrumsThis pump which Mr Dennet calls a“cascade of homunculi(级联侏儒)”，was(41)_by the field of artificial Intelligence, An programmer begins by taking a problem a computer is meant to solve and breaking it down into smaller tasks，to be dealt with by particular(42)_These，in turn，are(43)_ of subsubsystems，and so onIn this way,we are in depth of thinking profound problemsOf course，Mr Dennets book is not a(44)_solution to such mind-benders；it is philosophy in actionLike all good philosophy,it works by getting the reader to examine deeply held but(45)_ beliefs about some of our most fundamental concems，like personal autonomyIt is really not all easy readA. consistB. actuallyC. natureD. concedesE. inspiredF. definableG. composedH. readableI. substanceJ. merelyK. unspokenL. applyM. supposeN. subsystemO. definitive词性归类答案解析